Publication: Democratic Republic of Congo - Strategic Framework for the Preparation of a Pygmy Development Program
Loading...
Published
2009-12-01
ISSN
Date
2012-03-19
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
The study presents an analysis of the situation of the Pygmies in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), including their history and relations with the other, mainly Bantu, populations. It provides a brief description of their lifestyle, their socioeconomic status, and a participatory diagnosis of the key factors that lead to their current impoverishment and marginalization. The study discusses the rationale for protecting Pygmy culture and analyzes the results of the field survey and consultations. Based on this field work, diagnosis and inputs received in the two country workshops, the study presents a number of options and recommendations to address constraints faced by Pygmy communities. The recommendations are not intended as prescriptive, but as options to be discussed and agreed on in the process of preparing a Government Pygmy development program. It develops six priority focal points, or areas of intervention, around which a Pygmy development program could be articulated by the Government. The study concludes with suggestions on institutional arrangements for a long-term phased implementation of such a program.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2009. Democratic Republic of Congo - Strategic Framework for the Preparation of a Pygmy Development Program. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3150 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Digital Object Identifier
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Delivering Services in Multicultural Societies(World Bank, 2010)The last two decades have witnessed a growing recognition of the importance of taking cultural and ethnic diversity into consideration when designing and implementing development programs. As societies around the world have become more culturally diverse, and the role culture plays in the formation of identity has become better understood, governments are beginning to pay greater attention to the management of cultural diversity and are becoming more sensitive to issues of cultural exclusion. This book explores how taking cultural diversity into account can affect the delivery of services both positively and negatively, and how local governments can respond to the challenge of programming for and around diversity. The following chapter presents the current debate on the role of governments, at all levels, in managing cultural diversity. Chapter three takes a more in-depth look at specific areas in which the demand for recognition of cultural practices in the delivery of services is strongest. Chapter four examines policies pertaining to basic service delivery that can address and support cultural diversity. Finally, chapter five summarizes the lessons learned from the design of culturally sensitive policies for delivering services to a diverse population.Publication Our People, Our Resources(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015-04)This report presents a brief discussion of indigenous peoples’ development as evidenced in a select number of case studies about World Bank financed projects that had a positive impact on indigenous peoples’ communities. The main objective of this study is to identify and document good practices and lessons learned that can be shared with World Bank staff, borrower governments, and Indigenous Peoples’ organizations to help improve the design and implementation of projects that trigger the World Bank’s Operational Policy on Indigenous Peoples and/or are primarily oriented toward the sustainable development of indigenous peoples. World Bank activities with regard to indigenous peoples have been primarily focused on applying OP 4.10 to ensure that indigenous peoples receive social and economic benefits that are culturally appropriate and gender and age inclusive, and to mitigate possible adverse impacts associated with Bank-financed projects. The policy itself encourages Bank engagement and financial support for a variety of initiatives that go beyond projects, engaging in broader dimensions of country relationships that improve the circumstances of indigenous peoples. As a result, the Bank increasingly addresses issues concerning indigenous peoples through: (1) country economic and sector work/analysis, (2) dialogue and technical assistance, and (3) capacity-building. This report is an initial attempt to document good practices and lessons learned through results with regard to indigenous peoples’ development. It is intended to support the ongoing engagement process with indigenous peoples and to inform the process of finding better ways to promote sustainable development that will positively affect indigenous communities.Publication Country Social Analysis : Ethnicity and Development in Vietnam - Main Report(World Bank, 2009-01-01)This report " Country Social Analysis (CSA) " focused on ethnicity and development in Vietnam is a provocative analysis of marginality in contemporary Southeast Asia. It seeks to understand the macro social and political processes, and provides an analysis of how social, political, and cultural factors influence the opportunities and constraints to more equitable, inclusive development. This study provides research findings to support both the Bank's and the government of Vietnam's goals of social inclusion for ethnic minorities and poverty reduction. Previous studies, including the Bank's Country Partnership Study for Vietnam (CPS) and the government's Socioeconomic Development Plan (SEDP), focus on four organizing principles: (1) improving the business environment; (2) strengthening social inclusion; (3) strengthening natural resource and environmental management; and (4) improving governance. This study focuses particularly on the issue of strengthening social inclusion. Part one of this summary report is a literature review that discusses background information on ethnic minorities, including their classification, history, current living conditions, and poverty outcomes. Part two presents the results of field-based research and provides in-depth analysis of six fundamental factors that explain how differences between ethnic groups contribute to remarkably different livelihood strategies and economic outcomes. Part three summarizes the policy implications of research findings, suggesting areas for further consideration.Publication Guizhou Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection and Development Project : Cultural Heritage Tourism Strategic Overview(Washington, DC, 2006-08-29)In June 2006, the Guizhou Tourism Administration's Guizhou Provincial Rural Tourism Development Plan was approved by the National Tourism Administration of The People's Republic of China (CNTA). This plan provides official strategic guidance for the development of the rural tourism sector and identifies around 160 villages for development. The proposals for Bank finance are primarily located within rural villages. Based on an assessment of their tourism appeal and location, 60 of the 160 sites identified in the Guizhou Provincial Rural Tourism Development Plan have been prioritized for development over the next five years under the loan being sought from the World Bank. The proposal provides a conceptual development plan for 60 sites, including development and financial models, products to be marketed, and involvement of a range of stakeholders including private investors, NGOs and rural tourism associations. The consultants are encouraged by the proposals that provide for participation of local communities, however these proposals will need to be integrated with the infrastructure development plans in the next steps of project preparation.Publication Road for Cultural Heritage : Policy Note on Cultural Heritage and Infrastructure Development in Timor-Leste(Washington, DC, 2013-07-23)The purpose of this Policy Note is to survey Timor-Leste's cultural heritage in relation to infrastructure development and offer policy options for conserving and developing cultural heritage assets, particularly in relation to sustainable tourism. Infrastructure development can expose cultural heritage assets to new pressures that require new and/or improved measures for conservation. Equally, such development can unlock the potential of cultural heritage assets to provide opportunities for sustainable social and economic benefits for communities. As Timor-Leste makes major investments in its infrastructure in the coming years, it has an opportunity to maximize the benefits of its rich cultural heritage and minimize the risks of damage to important cultural heritage sites. Timor-Leste's cultural heritage is now subject to an unprecedented exposure to the impacts of infrastructure development. From 2008 to 2012, the national budget expanded fivefold, and the 2012 budget allocated 48 percentage of spending for infrastructure, chiefly electricity, roads and the development of the 'Tasi Mane' area petroleum infrastructure. The legal framework for safeguarding cultural heritage and for promoting sustainable development based on the cultural value of these sites is, however, still embryonic. In this context, adapting policy to best conserve and develop Timor-Leste's unique cultural heritage is crucial.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Indonesia Economic Prospects, June 2025(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-06-23)Indonesia’s economy remains resilient amid worsening global conditions. GDP grew at 4.9 percent year-on-year (yoy) in Q1-2025, slightly lower than previous post-pandemic quarters. Domestic demand was impacted by reduced government consumption and lower investment. Budget efficiency measures led to a contraction in public consumption, while investment in the construction and manufacturing sectors dipped due to investors’ concerns over domestic and global policy uncertainty. Meanwhile, declining commodity prices worsened Indonesia’s terms of trade. The supply side showed notable contributions from the agriculture and services sectors. Businesses and households are adjusting to economic uncertainty, but weak consumption of middle-class households has been persistent since the pandemic. The GOI structural reform agenda could accelerate growth further. In response to rising global policy uncertainty, the GOI devised a program of deregulation including reforms to the business environment and licensing, investment liberalization, trade and logistics reforms, and digital services. These reforms complement other reforms currently in play, like those related to financial sector deepening, and accompany the demand stimulus that the GOI is targeting through its priority programs. If implemented, these reforms could gradually expand the economy’s capacity, unlock further FDI, boost investment returns, and ensure productivity gains. The report suggests that this will translate into better job creation and raise GDP growth to 5.3-5.5 percent in 2026-2027. This report identifies the necessary steps to reach the target of providing 3 million housing units each year. In short, to meet the housing target and supercharge current efforts, the government needs to act as both a housing provider and a housing facilitator: instituting housing regulation reforms, accelerating public-funded housing programs, and creating an enabling environment that attracts private investment in Indonesia. Directly, 3.8 billion dollars in annual public investments can create an estimated 2.3 million jobs and mobilize 2.8 billion dollars in private capital. Reforms can create an enabling environment for housing investments and indirectly help multiply this impact.Publication Economy Profile of Bhutan(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2017-11-01)Doing Business 2018 is the 15th in a series of annual reports investigating the regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it. This economy profile presents the Doing Business indicators for Bhutan. Doing Business presents quantitative indicators on business regulation and the protection of property rights that can be compared across 190 economies; for 2018 Bhutan ranks 75. Doing Business measures aspects of regulation affecting 11 areas of the life of a business. Ten of these areas are included in this year’s ranking on the ease of doing business: starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts and resolving insolvency. Doing Business also measures features of labor market regulation, which is not included in this year’s ranking. Data in Doing Business 2018 are current as of June 1, 2017. The indicators are used to analyze economic outcomes and identify what reforms of business regulation have worked, where and why.Publication Digital Africa(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-03-13)All African countries need better and more jobs for their growing populations. "Digital Africa: Technological Transformation for Jobs" shows that broader use of productivity-enhancing, digital technologies by enterprises and households is imperative to generate such jobs, including for lower-skilled people. At the same time, it can support not only countries’ short-term objective of postpandemic economic recovery but also their vision of economic transformation with more inclusive growth. These outcomes are not automatic, however. Mobile internet availability has increased throughout the continent in recent years, but Africa’s uptake gap is the highest in the world. Areas with at least 3G mobile internet service now cover 84 percent of Africa’s population, but only 22 percent uses such services. And the average African business lags in the use of smartphones and computers as well as more sophisticated digital technologies that catalyze further productivity gains. Two issues explain the usage gap: affordability of these new technologies and willingness to use them. For the 40 percent of Africans below the extreme poverty line, mobile data plans alone would cost one-third of their incomes—in addition to the price of access devices, apps, and electricity. Data plans for small- and medium-size businesses are also more expensive than in other regions. Moreover, shortcomings in the quality of internet services—and in the supply of attractive, skills-appropriate apps that promote entrepreneurship and raise earnings—dampen people’s willingness to use them. For those countries already using these technologies, the development payoffs are significant. New empirical studies for this report add to the rapidly growing evidence that mobile internet availability directly raises enterprise productivity, increases jobs, and reduces poverty throughout Africa. To realize these and other benefits more widely, Africa’s countries must implement complementary and mutually reinforcing policies to strengthen both consumers’ ability to pay and willingness to use digital technologies. These interventions must prioritize productive use to generate large numbers of inclusive jobs in a region poised to benefit from a massive, youthful workforce—one projected to become the world’s largest by the end of this century.Publication The Role of Liquefied Petroleum Gas in Reducing Energy Poverty(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2011-12)Increasing household use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is one of several pathways to meet the goal of universal access to clean cooking and heating solutions by 2030, as stated in the United Nations' Sustainable Energy for All Initiative. This study examined factors affecting household use of LPG, the state of LPG markets in developing countries, and measures to enable more households to shift away from solid fuels to LPG. The study is based on three separate but complementary analyses of factors affecting LPG use in developing countries: (1) econometric analysis of national household expenditure surveys in 10 developing countries that assessed the factors influencing LPG selection and consumption; (2) examination of LPG markets in 20 developing countries, including their regulatory frameworks, pricing and other policies, supply infrastructure, cylinder management, amount of information available to the public, and activities designed to promote household use of LPG; and (3) data from households in 110 developing countries about energy choices related to cooking, with information on energy choice by wealth quintile available in 63 of them.Publication Human Resources for Mental Health Service Delivery in Viet Nam(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-05-30)"Human Resources for Mental Health Service Delivery in Viet Nam" provides an overview of the country’s current state of and challenges to mental health service delivery. The framework of the report is composed of four interconnected domains: health care, social services, education and mental health literacy, and informal care systems. The organizational structure, significant achievements, critical gaps, and problems in mental health service delivery at the institutional and community levels are highlighted in terms of public demand, availability, accessibility, and quality of service. The report uses new empirical data from surveys, workshops, and group discussions with key stakeholders. It describes the mental health workforce in Viet Nam and analyzes critical issues, including the shortage of professionals (psychiatrists, mental health nurses, psychologists, psychotherapists, social workers, occupational therapists, and others). Given the need to develop all levels of mental health care, the report addresses the uneven distribution of the provision of service between levels of health care institutions and rural and urban regions, competency mismatches, job satisfaction, recruitment, and challenges to the retention of mental health workers. The report also examines the need for mental health education and training at the institutional and structured program levels, as well as the supply constraints to the future development of the mental health workforce. The interdisciplinary team of authors emphasizes the urgent need for Viet Nam to strengthen its human resources for mental health service delivery toward achieving universal health coverage, including all mental disorders. The report’s evidence-based recommendations include multisectoral workforce planning; transformation of education and training; coordination, integration, and retention of the available workforce; improvement of the workforce governance framework; and strengthened mental health financing.