Publication:
Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development

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dc.contributor.authorHoekman, Bernard
dc.date.accessioned2013-09-09T21:48:30Z
dc.date.available2013-09-09T21:48:30Z
dc.date.issued2002-01
dc.description.abstractDespite recurring rounds of trade liberalization, under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, or GATT). Complemented by unilateral reforms, many developing countries have not been able to integrate into the world economy. The author argues that from the perspective of the poorest countries, a multi-pronged strategy is required to strengthen the global trading system. Moreover, much of the agenda must be addressed outside the WTO. The most important contribution the WTO can make to development, is to improve market access conditions - for goods and services - and ensure that trade rules are useful to developing countries. Enhancing trade capacity requires concerted action outside the WTO ("aid for trade") as well as unilateral actions by both industrial, and developing countries to reduce anti-trade biases.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/01/1684361/strengthening-global-trade-architecture-development
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2757
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/15749
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 2757
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE
dc.subjectGENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE
dc.subjectREFORM POLICY
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC INTEGRATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectTRADE STRUCTURE
dc.subjectREGULATORY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectTRADE FACILITATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
dc.subjectAGREEMENT ON TRADE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectANTIDUMPING
dc.subjectAPPAREL
dc.subjectBILATERAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectBILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES
dc.subjectBINDING DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
dc.subjectBORDER POLICIES
dc.subjectCAPACITY BUILDING
dc.subjectCARTELS
dc.subjectCHILD LABOR
dc.subjectCIVIL SOCIETY
dc.subjectCOMPETITION LAW
dc.subjectCOMPETITION LEGISLATION
dc.subjectCOMPETITION POLICIES
dc.subjectCOMPETITION POLICY
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCONCESSIONS
dc.subjectCONSUMER PROTECTION
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCONTINGENT PROTECTION
dc.subjectCOUNTRY EXPORTERS
dc.subjectCUSTOMS
dc.subjectCUSTOMS CLEARANCE
dc.subjectCUSTOMS VALUATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT AGENCIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
dc.subjectDOMESTIC POLICY FORMATION PROCESS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC REFORMS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC REGULATION
dc.subjectDOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES
dc.subjectDONOR ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectDUTY-FREE ACCESS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICY
dc.subjectECONOMIC POWER
dc.subjectECONOMISTS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
dc.subjectEXPANDING TRADE
dc.subjectEXPLOITATION
dc.subjectEXPORT CARTELS
dc.subjectEXPORT MARKETS
dc.subjectEXPORT REVENUE
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFISH
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFOREIGN TRADE
dc.subjectFREE ACCESS
dc.subjectGLOBAL NORMS
dc.subjectGLOBAL TRADE
dc.subjectGLOBAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectGLOBAL TRADING
dc.subjectHARMONIZATION
dc.subjectHIGH TARIFFS
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectIMPROVING MARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
dc.subjectINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
dc.subjectINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectINTEREST GROUPS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL NORMS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CLIMATE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT INCENTIVES
dc.subjectINVESTMENT TREATIES
dc.subjectITC
dc.subjectLDCS
dc.subjectLEGAL REGIMES
dc.subjectLEGISLATION
dc.subjectLIBERALIZATION OF TRADE
dc.subjectLOW- INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME ECONOMIES
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET POWER
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL COOPERATION
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL RULES
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TALKS
dc.subjectNATIONAL EFFORTS
dc.subjectNATIONAL PRODUCT
dc.subjectNEGOTIATING AGENDA
dc.subjectNEGOTIATING POSITIONS
dc.subjectNONTARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectOPENNESS
dc.subjectPARTNER COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPATENTS
dc.subjectPOLICY CHANGES
dc.subjectPOLICY OPTIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOOR CHILDREN
dc.subjectPOOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPOVERTY ALLEVIATION
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRODUCT STANDARDS
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPROTECTIONIST PRESSURES
dc.subjectQUOTAS
dc.subjectRECIPROCAL REDUCTION
dc.subjectRECIPROCITY
dc.subjectREDUCING TRADE BARRIERS
dc.subjectREDUCING TRANSACTIONS COSTS
dc.subjectREDUCTION OF BARRIERS
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectREGULATORY AREAS
dc.subjectREGULATORY ISSUES
dc.subjectREGULATORY POLICY
dc.subjectREGULATORY REFORM
dc.subjectREGULATORY REGIMES
dc.subjectRELATIVE IMPORTANCE
dc.subjectRESEARCH INSTITUTES
dc.subjectRESOURCE CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectRISK AVERSE
dc.subjectSAFETY NETS
dc.subjectSAFETY STANDARDS
dc.subjectSERVICE SECTOR
dc.subjectSOCIAL RIGHTS
dc.subjectTARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectTARIFF LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTARIFF NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTARIFF RATES
dc.subjectTARIFF REVENUE
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTIME FRAME
dc.subjectTRADE BARRIERS
dc.subjectTRADE CAPACITY
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE LOGISTICS
dc.subjectTRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY REVIEW
dc.subjectTRADE REFORM
dc.subjectTRADE REFORMS
dc.subjectTRADE RULES
dc.subjectTRADEOFFS
dc.subjectTRADING PARTNERS
dc.subjectTRADING SYSTEM
dc.subjectTRANSACTIONS COSTS
dc.subjectTRANSITION PERIODS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT COSTS
dc.subjectTRIPS AGREEMENT
dc.subjectUNILATERAL ACTION
dc.subjectUNILATERAL REFORMS
dc.subjectURUGUAY ROUND
dc.subjectVALUATION
dc.subjectVALUE OF TRADE
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectWORLD ECONOMY
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectWTO
dc.titleStrengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Developmenten
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleStrengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T09:56:39.894611Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/01/1684361/strengthening-global-trade-architecture-development
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.globalpracticeGovernance
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.guid439481468739150885
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2757
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000094946_02020504024229
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum1684361
okr.identifier.reportWPS2757
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2002/02/16/000094946_02020504024229/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdfen
okr.topicPublic Sector Development::Decentralization
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade and Regional Integration
okr.topicHealth Economics and Finance
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Free Trade
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Poverty Assessment
okr.topicPayment Systems and Infrastructure
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.unitOff of Sr VP Dev Econ/Chief Econ (DECVP)
okr.volume1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication49a06ad1-63d4-5c3a-8b66-c6c3009e9cdf
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery49a06ad1-63d4-5c3a-8b66-c6c3009e9cdf
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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