Publication:
Avoiding the Fragility Trap in Africa

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dc.contributor.authorAndrimihaja, Noro Aina
dc.contributor.authorCinyabuguma, Matthias
dc.contributor.authorDevarajan, Shantayanan
dc.date.accessioned2012-03-19T18:06:14Z
dc.date.available2012-03-19T18:06:14Z
dc.date.issued2011-11-01
dc.description.abstractNot only do Africa's fragile states grow more slowly than non-fragile states, but they seem to be caught in a "fragility trap". For instance, the probability that a fragile state in 2001 was still fragile in 2009 was 0.95. This paper presents an economic model where three features -- political instability and violence, insecure property rights and unenforceable contracts, and corruption -- conspire to create a slow-growth-poor-governance equilibrium trap into which these fragile states can fall. The analysis shows that, by addressing the three problems, fragile countries can emerge from the fragility trap and enjoy a level of sustained economic growth. But addressing these issues requires resources, which are scarce because external aid is often tailored to the country's performance and cut back when there is instability, insecurity, and corruption. The implication is that, even if aid is seemingly unproductive in these weak-governance environments, it could be hugely beneficial if it is invested in such a way that it helps these countries tackle the root causes of instability, insecurity, and corruption. Empirical estimations corroborate the postulated relationships of the model, supporting the notion that it is possible for African fragile countries to avoid the fragility trap.en
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20111117111212
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5884
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/3652
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5884
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABSOLUTE TERMS
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectAGGREGATE GROWTH
dc.subjectAGGREGATE INCOME
dc.subjectBALANCED ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectBALANCED GROWTH
dc.subjectBANK OPERATIONS
dc.subjectBUDGET CONSTRAINT
dc.subjectCAPITAL ACCUMULATION
dc.subjectCAPITAL INCREASES
dc.subjectCAPITAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectCAPITAL MARKET
dc.subjectCAPITAL SHARE
dc.subjectCAPITAL STOCK
dc.subjectCIVIL WARS
dc.subjectCONSTANT RETURNS
dc.subjectCONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCONTRACT ENFORCEMENT
dc.subjectDATA SET
dc.subjectDEMAND FUNCTIONS
dc.subjectDEMOCRACY
dc.subjectDEPENDENT VARIABLE
dc.subjectDERIVATIVE
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT REPORT
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
dc.subjectDUMMY VARIABLE
dc.subjectDUMMY VARIABLES
dc.subjectDYNAMIC PATH
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC INSTABILITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC LITERATURE
dc.subjectECONOMIC REVIEW
dc.subjectECONOMIC STUDIES
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL ESTIMATES
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL GROWTH LITERATURE
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL MODEL
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL RESULTS
dc.subjectENDOGENOUS GROWTH
dc.subjectEQUATIONS
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM TRAP
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM WAGE
dc.subjectEXOGENOUS RATE
dc.subjectEXPROPRIATION
dc.subjectFACTOR PRICES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFOREIGN AID
dc.subjectFUNCTIONAL FORM
dc.subjectFUTURE RESEARCH
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT BUDGET
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT POLICIES
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT POLICY
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT REVENUE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT REVENUES
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT SPENDING
dc.subjectGROWTH EQUATION
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectGROWTH REGRESSION
dc.subjectGROWTH REGRESSIONS
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINCOME TAX
dc.subjectINCREASE GROWTH
dc.subjectINCREASING FUNCTION
dc.subjectINDEPENDENT VARIABLES
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINVESTING
dc.subjectINVESTMENT POLICIES
dc.subjectINVESTMENT POLICY
dc.subjectINVESTMENT RATE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT RATIO
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLINEAR MODEL
dc.subjectLIQUIDITY
dc.subjectLONG-RUN INEQUALITY
dc.subjectLONG-TERM INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectLOW INCOME
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC ISSUES
dc.subjectMARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectMARGINAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectMARGINAL PROPENSITY
dc.subjectMARGINAL PROPENSITY TO SAVE
dc.subjectMARKET VOLATILITY
dc.subjectMINIMUM LEVEL
dc.subjectMULTIPLIERS
dc.subjectNEGATIVE SHOCKS
dc.subjectOPTIMIZATION
dc.subjectOUTPUT
dc.subjectOUTPUT GROWTH
dc.subjectPERFECT COMPETITION
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOLICY OPTIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY VARIABLES
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMIES
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL INSTABILITY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL STABILITY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL UNCERTAINTY
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPOSITIVE IMPACT
dc.subjectPOSITIVE RELATIONSHIP
dc.subjectPOSITIVE SHOCKS
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPOVERTY TRAPS
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTMENT
dc.subjectPRODUCTION FUNCTION
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC GOODS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SPENDING
dc.subjectREAL GDP
dc.subjectRETURN
dc.subjectRETURNS
dc.subjectRISK PREMIUMS
dc.subjectRULE OF LAW
dc.subjectSAVING FUNCTION
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSECURE PROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectSHORT-TERM LIQUIDITY
dc.subjectSTATE CAPACITY
dc.subjectSTATE FAILURE
dc.subjectSTATE PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectSTOCKS
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE GROWTH
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTAX CODES
dc.subjectTAX RATE
dc.subjectTAX RATES
dc.subjectTAX REVENUES
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTERRORISM
dc.subjectTRANSITION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectUNENFORCEABLE CONTRACTS
dc.subjectUTILITY FUNCTIONS
dc.subjectUTILITY MAXIMIZATION
dc.subjectVOTERS
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWEALTH
dc.titleAvoiding the Fragility Trap in Africaen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleAvoiding the Fragility Trap in Africa
okr.date.disclosure2011-11-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T11:06:48.465562Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20111117111212
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.guid740631468009017952
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5884
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20111117111212
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum15481182
okr.identifier.reportWPS5884
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2011/11/17/000158349_20111117111212/Rendered/PDF/WPS5884.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.geographicalAfrica
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Inequality
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Achieving Shared Growth
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationddcdf87a-9a86-50e0-b365-0d2c747a0607
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryddcdf87a-9a86-50e0-b365-0d2c747a0607
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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