Publication:
Trade and Investment Policies to Promote Climate Friendly Technologies in APEC Economies

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dc.contributor.authorWorld Bank
dc.date.accessioned2013-03-28T18:05:50Z
dc.date.available2013-03-28T18:05:50Z
dc.date.issued2012-01
dc.description.abstractClimate Friendly Technologies (CFT) reduces the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by reducing the carbon content of economic activity. Climate change due to greenhouse gases is expected to affect many sectors, and present risks to many Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) economies in Asia. These risks include falling freshwater availability, rainfall volatility, frequent hurricanes and droughts, and a greater risk of coastal flooding. All these will cause significant negative impacts on APEC member economies. Given that APEC economies account for more than half of global GHG emissions, the adoption of emissions reducing CFTs in this region is critically important for the global emissions mitigation agenda. This report, first, describes the wide range of different CFTs already in use in middle-income APEC economies and their potential. As such, it is a comprehensive reference on CFTs that are used and produced in middle-income APEC economies, and on the factors that have contributed to their uptake, including domestic Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) legislation and energy security policies. This report combines regional reviews and analyses with country level analyses of China, Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam. Second, it discusses the potential of further use and production of CFTs in APEC economies and the challenges facing their adoption. Third, it attempts to identify CFTs that have the most potential for further use. For example, this report identifies wind power technologies in Thailand as one of two CFTs with the most potential for further expansion of installed capacity and that may benefit the most from targeted trade and investment policies. Finally, the report addresses issues concerning the design of effective technology-based policies that support economic development through the adoption of CFTs. First, this will require a substantial mobilization of international investments in CFTs. An additional US$ 200 billion annually by 2030 is the estimated level of investment required to return GHG emissions to current levels.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/01/16336367/trade-investment-policies-promote-climate-friendly-technologies-apec-economies
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/13038
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/13038
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABATEMENT
dc.subjectABSOLUTE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectACID
dc.subjectACID RAIN
dc.subjectADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectAIR
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS
dc.subjectALLOCATION
dc.subjectALUMINUM
dc.subjectANNUAL GLOBAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS
dc.subjectAPPROACH
dc.subjectAVAILABILITY
dc.subjectBALANCE
dc.subjectBIOMASS
dc.subjectBUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIO
dc.subjectCALCULATION
dc.subjectCAPITAL COSTS
dc.subjectCARBON
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCARBON INTENSITY
dc.subjectCARBON PRICE
dc.subjectCARBON PRICES
dc.subjectCARBON TAX
dc.subjectCEMENT
dc.subjectCLEAN ENERGY
dc.subjectCLEANER ENERGY
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE ECONOMICS
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION
dc.subjectCLIMATE ECONOMICS
dc.subjectCLIMATE LEGISLATION
dc.subjectCLIMATE POLICY
dc.subjectCLIMATE-CHANGE
dc.subjectCLIMATE-CHANGE MITIGATION
dc.subjectCLIMATIC CHANGES
dc.subjectCO
dc.subjectCO2
dc.subjectCOAL
dc.subjectCOAL CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectCOAL PRICES
dc.subjectCOAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCOASTAL AREAS
dc.subjectCONSUMER DEMAND
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION OF COAL
dc.subjectCONVERGENCE
dc.subjectCOST-BENEFIT
dc.subjectCOST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS
dc.subjectCOST-BENEFIT FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectCOST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS
dc.subjectCUMULATIVE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectDAMAGES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDISCOUNT RATE
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTION OF COSTS
dc.subjectDIVERGENCE
dc.subjectDOMESTIC OIL
dc.subjectDOMESTIC OIL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectECONOMIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC IMPACT
dc.subjectECONOMIC INDICATORS
dc.subjectECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectELECTRICITY
dc.subjectELECTRICITY DISPATCH
dc.subjectELECTRICITY GENERATION
dc.subjectELECTRICITY PRICES
dc.subjectELECTRICITY SECTOR
dc.subjectEMISSION
dc.subjectEMISSION CONTROL
dc.subjectEMISSION REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS CONTROL
dc.subjectEMISSIONS FROM COAL
dc.subjectEMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
dc.subjectEMISSIONS GROWTH
dc.subjectEMISSIONS INTENSITY
dc.subjectEMISSIONS REDUCTION
dc.subjectEMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS TARGETS
dc.subjectENERGY BILLS
dc.subjectENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectENERGY COSTS
dc.subjectENERGY EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectENERGY INTENSITY
dc.subjectENERGY INTENSIVE
dc.subjectENERGY MARKETS
dc.subjectENERGY POLICIES
dc.subjectENERGY PRICE
dc.subjectENERGY PRICES
dc.subjectENERGY PRICING
dc.subjectENERGY PRODUCTION
dc.subjectENERGY SECURITY
dc.subjectENERGY SHORTAGES
dc.subjectENERGY SOURCES
dc.subjectENERGY SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectENERGY USE
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL DECISIONS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL GOALS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectFEASIBILITY
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectFISCAL POLICIES
dc.subjectFLOODS
dc.subjectFOREST
dc.subjectFOREST COVERAGE
dc.subjectFOREST DEGRADATION
dc.subjectFOREST STOCK
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectFOSSIL
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL USE
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUELS
dc.subjectFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectFUEL COSTS
dc.subjectGAS
dc.subjectGASOLINE
dc.subjectGASOLINE PRICES
dc.subjectGASOLINE TAX
dc.subjectGHG
dc.subjectGLOBAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectGREEN PAPER
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GAS
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GASES
dc.subjectGROWTH IN DEMAND
dc.subjectHEAVY INDUSTRY
dc.subjectHIGH ENERGY INTENSITY
dc.subjectHIGHER ENERGY PRICES
dc.subjectHYDROGEN
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT DECISIONS
dc.subjectMARGINAL UTILITY
dc.subjectMARKET DISTORTIONS
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectNATIONAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectOIL CRISIS
dc.subjectOIL EQUIVALENT
dc.subjectOIL IMPORTS
dc.subjectOIL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectOIL USE
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOWER SECTOR
dc.subjectPOWER SHORTAGES
dc.subjectPRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE
dc.subjectPRESENT VALUE
dc.subjectPRICE OF COAL
dc.subjectPRIMARY ENERGY
dc.subjectPRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectPROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectPROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS
dc.subjectR&D FUNDING
dc.subjectRAINFALL
dc.subjectRATIO OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectREDUCTION IN EMISSIONS
dc.subjectRELATIVE PRICE
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectRESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectSOLAR POWER
dc.subjectSUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectSULPHUR
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTAX CREDITS
dc.subjectTAX RATES
dc.subjectTOTAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectTRADITIONAL ENERGY SECTOR
dc.subjectTRADITIONAL FUELS
dc.subjectTRANSMISSION CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SECTOR
dc.subjectUNCERTAINTIES
dc.subjectUTILITIES
dc.subjectVEHICLES
dc.subjectWELFARE CONSEQUENCES
dc.subjectWIND
dc.subjectWIND ENERGY
dc.subjectWIND INDUSTRY
dc.subjectWIND POWER
dc.subjectWORLD ENERGY
dc.titleTrade and Investment Policies to Promote Climate Friendly Technologies in APEC Economiesen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaClimate Change
okr.date.disclosure2012-06-06
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-07T08:48:44.737989Z
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work::Other Environmental Study
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/01/16336367/trade-investment-policies-promote-climate-friendly-technologies-apec-economies
okr.globalpracticeMacroeconomics and Fiscal Management
okr.globalpracticeEnvironment and Natural Resources
okr.globalpracticeEnergy and Extractives
okr.globalpracticeEnergy and Extractives
okr.guid783801468335460164
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000386194_20120606030347
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum16336367
okr.identifier.report56564
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2012/06/06/000386194_20120606030347/Rendered/PDF/565640ESW0P11500investment0policies.pdfen
okr.region.countryAustralia
okr.region.geographicalAsia
okr.region.geographicalNorth America
okr.region.geographicalOceania
okr.topicEnvironment::Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Climate Change Economics
okr.topicEnergy::Energy and Environment
okr.topicEnergy::Energy Production and Transportation
okr.topicEnvironment::Environment and Energy Efficiency
okr.unitEAP Chief Economist Unit (EAPCE)
okr.volume1 of 1
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