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Transitioning from Low-Income Growth to High-Income Growth : Is There a Middle Income Trap?

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dc.contributor.authorBulman, David
dc.contributor.authorEden, Maya
dc.contributor.authorNguyen, Ha
dc.date.accessioned2014-12-03T15:53:39Z
dc.date.available2014-12-03T15:53:39Z
dc.date.issued2014-11-01
dc.description.abstractIs there a "middle income trap"? Theory suggests that the determinants of growth at low and high income levels may be different. If countries struggle to transition from growth strategies that are effective at low income levels to growth strategies that are effective at high income levels, they may stagnate at some middle income level; this phenomenon can be thought of as a "middle income trap." This paper does not find evidence for (unusual) stagnation at any particular middle income level. However, it does find evidence that the determinants of growth at low and high income levels differ. These findings suggest a mixed conclusion: middle-income countries may need to change growth strategies to transition smoothly to high-income growth strategies, but this can be done smoothly and does not imply the existence of a middle income trap.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/11/20373154/transitioning-low-income-growth-high-income-growth-middle-income-trap
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7104
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/20614
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank Group, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 7104
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectANNUAL CHANGE
dc.subjectANNUAL GROWTH
dc.subjectANNUAL INFLATION
dc.subjectAVERAGE ANNUAL
dc.subjectAVERAGE CHANGE
dc.subjectAVERAGE GROWTH
dc.subjectBASE YEAR
dc.subjectCAPITAL ACCUMULATION
dc.subjectCAPITAL STOCK
dc.subjectCAPITAL STOCKS
dc.subjectCAPITAL-LABOR RATIO
dc.subjectCIVIL WAR
dc.subjectCONDITIONAL CONVERGENCE
dc.subjectCOUNTRY CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subjectCOUNTRY GROWTH PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectCOUNTRY LEVEL
dc.subjectCROSS-COUNTRY INCOME
dc.subjectDATA SET
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEMOCRACY
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC
dc.subjectDEPENDENT VARIABLE
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDIVIDEND
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC REFORMS
dc.subjectECONOMIC REVIEW
dc.subjectECONOMIC STRUCTURE
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL DEBT
dc.subjectEXTERNAL SHOCKS
dc.subjectFACTOR SHARES
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectFUTURE GROWTH
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGINI COEFFICIENT
dc.subjectGINI COEFFICIENTS
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE INDICATORS
dc.subjectGROWTH ACCELERATION
dc.subjectGROWTH DETERMINANTS
dc.subjectGROWTH EFFECT
dc.subjectGROWTH LITERATURE
dc.subjectGROWTH PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectGROWTH POLICIES
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectGROWTH REGRESSIONS
dc.subjectHIGH GROWTH
dc.subjectHIGH INCOME
dc.subjectHIGH INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectHIGH INCOME COUNTRY
dc.subjectHIGH INFLATION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectINCOME DIFFERENCES
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME DYNAMICS
dc.subjectINCOME GROUP
dc.subjectINCOME GROUPS
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINCOME LEVEL
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINEQUALITY DATA
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS
dc.subjectINVENTORY
dc.subjectLAGGED GROWTH
dc.subjectLOW INCOME
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectMACROECONOMICS
dc.subjectMEDIAN AVERAGE
dc.subjectMIDDLE INCOME
dc.subjectMIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY
dc.subjectMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMONETARY ECONOMICS
dc.subjectNEGATIVE COEFFICIENT
dc.subjectOIL EXPORTERS
dc.subjectOUTPUT
dc.subjectPATENTS
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL REGIME
dc.subjectPOOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPOSITIVE CORRELATION
dc.subjectPOSITIVE EFFECT
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRO-GROWTH POLICIES
dc.subjectPRODUCTION FUNCTION
dc.subjectRAPID GROWTH
dc.subjectRATE OF INVESTMENT
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectREGIME CHANGES
dc.subjectREGRESSION ANALYSIS
dc.subjectREGRESSION RESULTS
dc.subjectRELATIVE INCOME
dc.subjectSERIAL CORRELATION
dc.subjectTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectUNDERVALUATION
dc.subjectWAGE
dc.subjectWORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
dc.subjectWORLD ECONOMY
dc.titleTransitioning from Low-Income Growth to High-Income Growth : Is There a Middle Income Trap?en
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleTransitioning from Low-Income Growth to High-Income Growth: Is There a Middle Income Trap?
okr.date.disclosure2014-11-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:08:57.478854Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/11/20373154/transitioning-low-income-growth-high-income-growth-middle-income-trap
okr.globalpracticeMacroeconomics and Fiscal Management
okr.guid229641468180252928
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7104
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20141112111916
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum20373154
okr.identifier.reportWPS7104
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/11/12/000158349_20141112111916/Rendered/PDF/WPS7104.pdfen
okr.sectorPublic Administration, Law, and Justice :: Central government administration
okr.themeEconomic management :: Analysis of economic growth
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Income
okr.topicFiscal and Monetary Policy
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Inequality
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicPrivate Sector Development::Emerging Markets
okr.unitMacroeconomics and Growth Team, Development Research Group
relation.isAuthorOfPublication443bbe9e-2343-561b-b27e-2d13a7c3d318
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationc1c4d7c1-b16a-5f9a-a0ac-f855e347728a
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery443bbe9e-2343-561b-b27e-2d13a7c3d318
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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