Publication:
Can Free Provision Reduce Demand for Public Services? Evidence from Kenyan Education

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dc.contributor.authorBold, Tessa
dc.contributor.authorKimenyi, Mwangi
dc.contributor.authorMwabu, Germano
dc.contributor.authorSandefur, Justin
dc.date.accessioned2014-02-05T13:42:38Z
dc.date.available2014-02-05T13:42:38Z
dc.date.issued2013-11
dc.description.abstractIn 2003 Kenya abolished user fees in all government primary schools. Analysis of household survey data shows this policy contributed to a shift in demand away from free schools, where net enrollment stagnated after 2003, toward fee-charging private schools, where both enrollment and fee levels grew rapidly after 2003. These shifts had mixed distributional consequences. Enrollment by poorer households increased, but segregation between socio-economic groups also increased. The shift in demand toward private schooling was driven by more affluent households who (i) paid higher ex ante fees and thus experienced a larger reduction in school funding, and (ii) appear to have exited public schools partially in reaction to increased enrollment by poorer children.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/11/18474677/can-free-provision-reduce-demand-public-services-evidence-kenyan-education
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-6685
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/16911
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 6685
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABOLITION OF FEES
dc.subjectABOLITION OF USER FEES
dc.subjectACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectACADEMIC YEARS
dc.subjectACCESS TO PRIMARY SCHOOLING
dc.subjectADMISSIONS CRITERIA
dc.subjectAGGREGATE ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectAVERAGE NUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subjectAVERAGE TEACHER SALARY
dc.subjectBETTER SCHOOLS
dc.subjectCAPACITY BUILDING
dc.subjectCHILDREN
dc.subjectCIVIL SERVICE
dc.subjectCIVIL SERVICE TEACHERS
dc.subjectCLASS SIZE
dc.subjectCLASS SIZE EFFECT
dc.subjectCLASS SIZES
dc.subjectCLASS-SIZE
dc.subjectCLASSROOM
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE ACHIEVEMENT
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE SKILLS
dc.subjectCOMPLETION
dc.subjectCOST OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectDEMAND FOR EDUCATION
dc.subjectDISTRICT EDUCATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMICS OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectEDUCATED CHILDREN
dc.subjectEDUCATED STUDENTS
dc.subjectEDUCATION
dc.subjectEDUCATION EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectEDUCATION LEVEL
dc.subjectEDUCATION QUALITY
dc.subjectEDUCATION SERVICES
dc.subjectEDUCATION SYSTEM
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL EVALUATION
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectELEMENTARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectENROLLMENT FIGURES
dc.subjectENROLLMENT GROWTH
dc.subjectENROLLMENT INCREASES
dc.subjectENROLLMENT RATE
dc.subjectEQUAL ACCESS
dc.subjectETHNIC DIVERSITY
dc.subjectEXAM
dc.subjectEXAM PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEXAM SCORE
dc.subjectEXAMINATION
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectFEE ABOLITION
dc.subjectFEE REMOVAL
dc.subjectFEES
dc.subjectFREE PRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectFREE SCHOOLS
dc.subjectGER
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT GRANTS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT PRIMARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT RATES
dc.subjectGROUPS
dc.subjectHEAD TEACHER
dc.subjectHIGH SCHOOL
dc.subjectHIGHER ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectHIGHER TEST SCORES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHUMAN RESOURCES
dc.subjectITS
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE
dc.subjectLEAVING EXAM SCORES
dc.subjectLEVEL OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLITERACY
dc.subjectLITERATURE
dc.subjectMINIMUM SCHOOLING
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectNATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL
dc.subjectNER
dc.subjectNET ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectNET ENROLLMENT RATE
dc.subjectNEW ENTRANTS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF PUPILS
dc.subjectNUMERACY
dc.subjectOPEN ACCESS
dc.subjectPAPERS
dc.subjectPARENTAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPARTICIPATION
dc.subjectPARTNERSHIPS
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION POLICY
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION REFORM
dc.subjectPRIMARY ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL FEES
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOLING
dc.subjectPRIMARY-SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIVATE EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIVATE SCHOOLING
dc.subjectPRIVATE SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectPUBLIC PRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOL
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOL PUPILS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOLING
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPUPIL FUNDING
dc.subjectPUPIL RATIOS
dc.subjectPUPIL TEACHER RATIOS
dc.subjectPUPIL-TEACHER RATIOS
dc.subjectQUALITY EDUCATION
dc.subjectQUALITY OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectQUALITY SCHOOLING
dc.subjectRATE OF ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectREASONING
dc.subjectRESEARCH
dc.subjectRESEARCH FUNDING
dc.subjectRETENTION RATES
dc.subjectSCHOOL AGE
dc.subjectSCHOOL ATTENDANCE
dc.subjectSCHOOL BOARDS
dc.subjectSCHOOL ENTRY
dc.subjectSCHOOL FINANCE
dc.subjectSCHOOL FUNDING
dc.subjectSCHOOL GOVERNANCE
dc.subjectSCHOOL LEVEL
dc.subjectSCHOOL MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectSCHOOL MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES
dc.subjectSCHOOL OFFICIALS
dc.subjectSCHOOL PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectSCHOOL QUALITY
dc.subjectSCHOOL RETENTION
dc.subjectSCHOOL SYSTEM
dc.subjectSCHOOL-AGE
dc.subjectSCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN
dc.subjectSCIENCE
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSECONDARY ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOLING
dc.subjectSKILLS
dc.subjectSTANDARDIZED TESTS
dc.subjectSTATE SCHOOLS
dc.subjectSTATISTICS
dc.subjectSTUDENT
dc.subjectSTUDENTS
dc.subjectSTUDIES
dc.subjectSTUDY
dc.subjectTEACHER EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectTEACHER SALARIES
dc.subjectTEACHERS
dc.subjectTEACHING
dc.subjectTEACHING STAFF
dc.subjectTERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectTESTING
dc.subjectUNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectUNIVERSITY
dc.subjectVALUES
dc.subjectWOMEN
dc.subjectuser fees
dc.titleCan Free Provision Reduce Demand for Public Services? Evidence from Kenyan Educationen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleCan Free Provision Reduce Demand for Public Services? Evidence from Kenyan Education
okr.date.disclosure2013-11-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T09:35:19.259536Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/11/18474677/can-free-provision-reduce-demand-public-services-evidence-kenyan-education
okr.globalpracticeEducation
okr.guid754291468273661053
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-6685
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20131104084625
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum18474677
okr.identifier.reportWPS6685
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2013/11/04/000158349_20131104084625/Rendered/PDF/WPS6685.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.countryKenya
okr.topicSecondary Education
okr.topicTeaching and Learning
okr.topicEducation::Primary Education
okr.topicEducation::Education For All
okr.topicTertiary Education
okr.unitPartnerships, Capacity Building Unit, Development Economics Vice Presidency
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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