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Holding on to Monrovia: Protecting a Fragile Peace through Economic Governance and Short-Term Employment

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dc.contributor.authorGiovine, Luigi
dc.contributor.authorKrech, Robert
dc.contributor.authorIonkova, Kremena
dc.contributor.authorBach, Kathryn
dc.date.accessioned2017-06-27T16:14:20Z
dc.date.available2017-06-27T16:14:20Z
dc.date.issued2011-07
dc.description.abstractA key driver of Liberia's re-emergence from utter destruction, between 2004 and 2008, was the willingness of international actors to accept the responsibility and risks associated with stabilization. This was accomplished by confronting these risks directly, even at the cost of temporarily filling institutional voids and sharing sovereignty with the Liberian transitional authorities. The main international diplomatic representations and aid agencies on the ground came to accept from their varying perspectives that peace in Liberia was fragile and that the Accra Comprehensive Peace Agreement (ACPA) of September 2003 was only the beginning of a protracted stabilization effort. The domestic market for consultants and goods did not exist, requiring the World Bank to innovate with new modes of delivering assistance. Thus, peace consolidation compelled international partners to simultaneously (i) prevent full state capture by corrupt elites in advance of elections and (ii) secure a peace dividend to vulnerable groups which could most directly threaten peace (young ex-combatants and refugees). Building on a solid UN-World Bank partnership, the international community found the internal consensus to address each of the two complementary peace consolidation challenges, adopting two highly innovative instruments: (i) an anti-corruption scheme labeled Governance and Economic Management Assistance Program (GEMAP), involving such robust measures as expatriate co-signing authority, and (ii) a short-term employment-generation scheme now known as roads-with- United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL), centered on a rare direct collaboration between the Bank and the engineering units of the UN's military peacekeeping force on the ground. This paper examines these two instruments more closely, in their successes and failures as well as from the perspective of temporary shared sovereignty and co-production.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/174031468263673953/Holding-on-to-Monrovia-protecting-a-fragile-peace-through-economic-governance-and-short-term-employment
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/27335
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/27335
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesWorld Development Report 2011 Background Papers;
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectALLIANCE
dc.subjectAMBASSADOR
dc.subjectANTI-CORRUPTION
dc.subjectANTICORRUPTION
dc.subjectANTICORRUPTION COMMISSION
dc.subjectARMED CONFLICTS
dc.subjectAUTHORITY
dc.subjectBASIC SERVICES
dc.subjectBATTLE
dc.subjectBEST PRACTICE
dc.subjectBEST PRACTICES
dc.subjectBILATERAL AGENCIES
dc.subjectBUREAUCRACY
dc.subjectBUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCAPACITY BUILDING
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCIVIL CONFLICT
dc.subjectCIVIL SERVANT
dc.subjectCIVIL SERVANTS
dc.subjectCIVIL SOCIETY
dc.subjectCIVIL WAR
dc.subjectCOLLAPSE
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE BIDDING
dc.subjectCOMPROMISES
dc.subjectCONFLICT
dc.subjectCONSENSUS
dc.subjectCONSTITUENCIES
dc.subjectCORRUPT
dc.subjectCORRUPT OFFICIALS
dc.subjectCORRUPT PRACTICES
dc.subjectCORRUPTION
dc.subjectCORRUPTION INVESTIGATION
dc.subjectCRIME
dc.subjectCRIMINAL
dc.subjectDEMOBILIZATION
dc.subjectDEMOCRACY
dc.subjectDEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
dc.subjectDIPLOMACY
dc.subjectDISARMAMENT
dc.subjectDISENGAGEMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectELECTIONS
dc.subjectEMBASSY
dc.subjectEMBEZZLEMENT
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT CREATION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT GENERATION
dc.subjectEX-COMBATANT
dc.subjectEX-COMBATANTS
dc.subjectEXCOMBATANTS
dc.subjectEXECUTION
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectEXTERNAL DEBT
dc.subjectEXTERNAL INTERVENTION
dc.subjectFIGHTING
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SYSTEMS
dc.subjectFISCAL POLICY
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTORS
dc.subjectFOREIGN POLICY
dc.subjectFOUNDATIONS
dc.subjectFRAUD
dc.subjectFRONTIER
dc.subjectGOOD GOVERNANCE
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE REFORM
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE REFORMS
dc.subjectGRAFT
dc.subjectHEAD OF STATE
dc.subjectHEADS OF STATE
dc.subjectHUMAN RESOURCES
dc.subjectIMF
dc.subjectIMMIGRANTS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINFANT
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY RATE
dc.subjectINITIATIVE
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL REFORM
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL AGENCIES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL INTERVENTION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectJUDICIAL REFORM
dc.subjectJUDICIARY
dc.subjectLACK OF CAPACITY
dc.subjectLEADERSHIP
dc.subjectLEGISLATIVE ELECTIONS
dc.subjectLEGITIMACY
dc.subjectLIVE BIRTHS
dc.subjectLOCAL AUTHORITIES
dc.subjectLOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectLOW INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMALFEASANCE
dc.subjectMANDATES
dc.subjectMASS UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectMATERNAL MORTALITY
dc.subjectMEETING
dc.subjectMERCENARY
dc.subjectMILITARY INTERVENTION
dc.subjectMINISTERS
dc.subjectMODALITIES
dc.subjectMONOPOLY
dc.subjectNATIONAL INTEREST
dc.subjectNATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY
dc.subjectNATIONS
dc.subjectNEGOTIATION
dc.subjectNUMBER OF WOMEN
dc.subjectOBSERVERS
dc.subjectPEACE
dc.subjectPEACEKEEPERS
dc.subjectPEACEKEEPING
dc.subjectPOLICE
dc.subjectPOLITICAL INFLUENCE
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROUPS
dc.subjectPRACTITIONERS
dc.subjectPRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS
dc.subjectPRINT MEDIA
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROJECT MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC AGENCIES
dc.subjectPUBLIC DEBT
dc.subjectPUBLIC FINANCES
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC INFORMATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC PROCUREMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC RESOURCES
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectPUBLIC SPENDING
dc.subjectRADIO
dc.subjectREBEL
dc.subjectRECONCILIATION
dc.subjectRECONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectREFUGEES
dc.subjectREHABILITATION
dc.subjectREPATRIATION
dc.subjectREPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectRETURNEES
dc.subjectROAD
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectRULE OF LAW
dc.subjectSANCTIONS
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectSELF-RELIANCE
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectSOVEREIGNTY
dc.subjectSTATE APPARATUS
dc.subjectSTATE ASSETS
dc.subjectSTATE INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectSTATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSUPPLY NETWORKS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTRANSPARENCY
dc.subjectTREATY
dc.subjectUNDP
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectVICTIMS
dc.subjectVICTIMS OF VIOLENCE
dc.subjectVIOLENCE
dc.subjectVULNERABLE GROUPS
dc.subjectWAR
dc.subjectWEAPONS
dc.subjectWORLD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectYOUNG MEN
dc.subjectYOUTH
dc.titleHolding on to Monroviaen
dc.title.subtitleProtecting a Fragile Peace through Economic Governance and Short-Term Employmenten
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleHolding on to Monrovia
okr.date.disclosure2011-07-13
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-05T11:43:49.767381Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/174031468263673953/Holding-on-to-Monrovia-protecting-a-fragile-peace-through-economic-governance-and-short-term-employment
okr.guid174031468263673953
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000386194_20110713030224
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum14561687
okr.identifier.report63206
okr.importedtrue
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/174031468263673953/pdf/632060WP00WDR000BOX361509B00PUBLIC0.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.countryLiberia
okr.topicConflict and Development::Post Conflict Reconstruction
okr.topicGovernance::Governance Indicators
okr.topicGovernance::National Governance
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population Policies
okr.topicLaw and Development::Corruption & Anticorruption Law
okr.topicSocial Development::Post Conflict Reintegration
okr.unitPolicy and Operations (SECPO)
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