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Provision of Water to the Poor in Africa : Experience with Water Standposts and the Informal Water Sector

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dc.contributor.authorKeener, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorLuengo, Manuel
dc.contributor.authorBanerjee, Sudeshna
dc.date.accessioned2012-03-19T18:41:18Z
dc.date.available2012-03-19T18:41:18Z
dc.date.issued2010-07-01
dc.description.abstractStandpipes that dispense water from utilities are the most common alternatives to piped water connections for poor customers in the cities of Sub-Saharan Africa. Fifty-five percent of the unconnected urban population relies on standpipes as their first water source. Other informal water providers include household resellers and a variety of water tankers and vendors, which are the first water source of 1 percent and 3 percent of the urban population, respectively. In the cities studied, the percentage of unconnected households ranges from 12 percent to 86 percent of the population. The percentage of unconnected people covered by standpipes is substantially higher for countries with higher rates of household connection, while the percentage of unconnected people covered by water tankers or water vendors is higher for countries with lower rates of household connection. Water prices in the informal market are much higher than for households with private connections or yard taps. Although standpipes are heavily subsidized by utilities, the prices charged by standpipe operators are closely related to the informal water reseller price. Standpipe management models also affect the informal price of water. For example, the shift from utilities management to delegated management models without complementary regulation or consumer information has often led to declines in service levels and increased prices. Standpipes are not the only or even the most efficient solution in peri-urban areas. Programs that promote private household connections and arrangements that improve pricing and services in the household resale market should also be considered by policy makers.en
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100728141604
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5387
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/3871
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5387
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCOUNTABILITY TO CONSUMERS
dc.subjectALTERNATIVE WATER
dc.subjectAVAILABILITY OF WATER
dc.subjectBILL COLLECTION
dc.subjectBILL COLLECTION RATES
dc.subjectBLOCK TARIFF
dc.subjectBLOCK TARIFFS
dc.subjectBOREHOLES
dc.subjectBULK WATER
dc.subjectBULK WATER SUPPLY
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY GROUP
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY GROUPS
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY LEADERS
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS
dc.subjectCONNECTED HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectCONNECTION COSTS
dc.subjectCONNECTION FEES
dc.subjectCONNECTION RATE
dc.subjectCOST OF WATER
dc.subjectCOST RECOVERY
dc.subjectCUBIC METER
dc.subjectCUBIC METRE
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
dc.subjectDRAIN
dc.subjectFINANCIAL VIABILITY
dc.subjectFREE WATER
dc.subjectGROUNDWATER
dc.subjectGROUNDWATER RESOURCES
dc.subjectHIGH LEVELS
dc.subjectHOURS OF SERVICE
dc.subjectHOURS OF WATER
dc.subjectHOUSE CONNECTION
dc.subjectHOUSE CONNECTIONS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONNECTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectINADEQUATE WATER
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL CONNECTIONS
dc.subjectLARGE CITIES
dc.subjectLOCAL AUTHORITIES
dc.subjectLOCAL WATER
dc.subjectLOW WATER
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectLOWER LEVEL OF SERVICE
dc.subjectMAINTENANCE COSTS
dc.subjectMETER READING
dc.subjectMETER READINGS
dc.subjectMONITORING PURPOSES
dc.subjectNEIGHBORHOOD ASSOCIATIONS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF STANDPIPES
dc.subjectNUMBER OF WATER
dc.subjectNUMBER OF WATER CONNECTIONS
dc.subjectOVERSIGHT ROLE
dc.subjectPERMITS
dc.subjectPIPED WATER
dc.subjectPOLLUTION
dc.subjectPOOR URBAN HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITY
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPRICE OF WATER
dc.subjectPRIVATE OPERATORS
dc.subjectPRIVATE UTILITY
dc.subjectPROGRAMS
dc.subjectPROVISION OF WATER
dc.subjectPUBLIC STANDPIPE
dc.subjectPUBLIC STANDPIPES
dc.subjectPUBLIC WATER
dc.subjectPURCHASE OF WATER
dc.subjectQUALITY OF SERVICE
dc.subjectRAINWATER
dc.subjectRIVERS
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectSANITATION SERVICES
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectSERVICE PROVIDER
dc.subjectSERVICE QUALITY
dc.subjectSLUM POPULATION
dc.subjectSTANDPIPE SERVICE
dc.subjectSTANDPIPE WATER
dc.subjectSUPPLY WATER
dc.subjectSURFACE WATER
dc.subjectTARIFF LEVELS
dc.subjectTRANSPARENCY
dc.subjectURBAN AREA
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN GROWTH
dc.subjectURBAN HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectURBAN POPULATIONS
dc.subjectURBAN RESIDENTS
dc.subjectURBAN UTILITIES
dc.subjectURBAN WATER
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectUTILITIES
dc.subjectUTILITY STAFF
dc.subjectVALUE OF WATER
dc.subjectVOLUME OF WATER
dc.subjectWATER COMMISSIONS
dc.subjectWATER COMPANY
dc.subjectWATER CONSUMERS
dc.subjectWATER CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectWATER COVERAGE
dc.subjectWATER MARKET
dc.subjectWATER NETWORKS
dc.subjectWATER POINT
dc.subjectWATER POINTS
dc.subjectWATER PRESSURE
dc.subjectWATER PRICES
dc.subjectWATER PRODUCTION
dc.subjectWATER PROVIDERS
dc.subjectWATER QUALITY
dc.subjectWATER RESOURCES
dc.subjectWATER REVENUES
dc.subjectWATER SALES
dc.subjectWATER SECTOR
dc.subjectWATER SECTOR REFORM
dc.subjectWATER SELLERS
dc.subjectWATER SERVICE
dc.subjectWATER SERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectWATER SERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectWATER SERVICES
dc.subjectWATER SOURCE
dc.subjectWATER SOURCES
dc.subjectWATER STORAGE
dc.subjectWATER STORAGE TANKS
dc.subjectWATER SUPPLY
dc.subjectWATER SUPPLY CHAIN
dc.subjectWATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS
dc.subjectWATER SYSTEM
dc.subjectWATER TANKER
dc.subjectWATER TANKERS
dc.subjectWATER TARIFFS
dc.subjectWATER USER
dc.subjectWATER USERS
dc.subjectWATER UTILITIES
dc.subjectWATER UTILITY
dc.subjectWATER VENDORS
dc.subjectWELLS
dc.titleProvision of Water to the Poor in Africa : Experience with Water Standposts and the Informal Water Sectoren
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleProvision Of Water To The Poor In Africa : Experience With Water Standposts And The Informal Water Sector
okr.date.disclosure2010-07-28
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T11:44:27.275904Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100728141604
okr.globalpracticeWater
okr.guid421921468191675047
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5387
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20100728141604
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum12593378
okr.identifier.reportWPS5387
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2010/07/28/000158349_20100728141604/Rendered/PDF/wps5387.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.geographicalAfrica
okr.topicWater Supply and Sanitation::Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions
okr.topicWater Supply and Sanitation::Town Water Supply and Sanitation
okr.topicWater Resources::Water and Industry
okr.topicWater Supply and Sanitation::Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
okr.topicWater Resources::Water Conservation
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication4ce1f899-ff9c-5b54-966e-dd0e07496330
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery4ce1f899-ff9c-5b54-966e-dd0e07496330
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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