Publication:
Household Enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa : Why They Matter for Growth, Jobs, and Livelihoods

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dc.contributor.authorSohnesen, Thomas Pave
dc.contributor.authorFox, Louise
dc.date.accessioned2013-01-02T20:18:25Z
dc.date.available2013-01-02T20:18:25Z
dc.date.issued2012-08
dc.description.abstractDespite 40 percent of households relying on household enterprises (non-farm enterprises operated by a single individual or with the help of family members) as an income source, household enterprises are usually ignored in low-income Sub-Saharan-African development strategies. Yet analysis of eight countries shows that although the fast growing economies generated new private non-farm wage jobs at high rates, household enterprises generated most new jobs outside agriculture. Owing to the small size of the non-farm wage job sector, this trend is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. This analysis of enterprises and their owners shows that although it is a heterogeneous sector within countries, there are many similarities across countries, indicating that cross-country learning is possible. For labor force participants who want to use their skills and energy to create a non-farm income source for themselves and their families, household enterprises offer a good opportunity even if they remain small. The paper finds that given household human capital and location, household enterprise earnings have the same marginal effect on consumption as private wage and salary employment. The authors argue that household enterprises should be seen as part of an integrated job and development strategy.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/08/16649459/household-enterprises-sub-saharan-africa-matter-growth-jobs-livelihoods
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-6184
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/12038
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 6184
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGE GROUP
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL WAGE
dc.subjectANTI-POVERTY
dc.subjectAVERAGE WAGE
dc.subjectBANKS
dc.subjectBORROWING
dc.subjectCAPITAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectCROWDING OUT
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEBT CRISIS
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
dc.subjectEARNING
dc.subjectEARNINGS REGRESSION
dc.subjectEARNINGS REGRESSIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEFFECTIVE POLICIES
dc.subjectELDERLY
dc.subjectEMERGENCIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT GROWTH
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT SOURCE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT STRATEGIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT TRENDS
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURSHIP
dc.subjectFAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subjectFAMILY SUPPORT
dc.subjectFARM ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectFARM ACTIVITY
dc.subjectFARM INCOME
dc.subjectFARM PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFARM SELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFEMALE ENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFOOD POLICY
dc.subjectFOOD SECURITY
dc.subjectFORMAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectFUTURE LABOR
dc.subjectGENDER GAP
dc.subjectGENDER INEQUITIES
dc.subjectHIGH WAGES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD ASSETS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CHORES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD NEEDS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINCOME DYNAMICS
dc.subjectINCOME EARNING
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINCOME SMOOTHING
dc.subjectINCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectINFORMAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectINFORMAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINNOVATION
dc.subjectIRRIGATION
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectJOB LOSS
dc.subjectJOBS
dc.subjectLABOR DEMAND
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE GROWTH
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLABOUR
dc.subjectLABOUR MARKET
dc.subjectLEGAL STATUS
dc.subjectLEGISLATION
dc.subjectLEVEL OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLEVELS OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLOCAL AUTHORITIES
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectLOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE
dc.subjectMIGRANT
dc.subjectMIGRANTS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMINORITY
dc.subjectMODERNIZATION
dc.subjectMOTIVATION
dc.subjectMUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES
dc.subjectNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEGISLATION
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNEW ENTRANTS
dc.subjectNON-FARM EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectNON-FARM SECTOR
dc.subjectNONFARM INCOME
dc.subjectNUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subjectNUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF PEOPLE
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY CHANGE
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOLL TAXES
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY PROGRAMS
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY REASON
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIVATE ENTERPRISE
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR JOBS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR WAGE
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVE WORK
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPULL FACTOR
dc.subjectPUSH FACTORS
dc.subjectREMOTE LOCATIONS
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectRETAIL TRADE
dc.subjectRICHER COUNTRIES
dc.subjectRISK MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectRULE OF LAW
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL CREDIT
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectRURAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLD
dc.subjectRURAL INCOME
dc.subjectRURAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectRURAL LIVELIHOODS
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectRURAL TRANSFORMATION
dc.subjectRURAL YOUTH
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectSKILLS DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESS
dc.subjectSMALL ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSOCIAL NORMS
dc.subjectSUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectSURVIVAL PROBABILITY
dc.subjectSURVIVAL RATES
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTOTAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN DWELLERS
dc.subjectURBANIZED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL TRAINING
dc.subjectVULNERABILITY
dc.subjectWAGE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectWAGE SECTOR
dc.subjectWATER MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectWOMAN
dc.subjectWORK FORCE
dc.subjectWORKER
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.subjectWORKING CAPITAL
dc.subjectWORKING POOR
dc.subjectYOUNG AGE
dc.subjectYOUTH EMPLOYMENT
dc.titleHousehold Enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa : Why They Matter for Growth, Jobs, and Livelihoodsen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaJobs
okr.crossref.titleHousehold Enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa - Why They Matter for Growth, Jobs, and Livelihoods
okr.date.disclosure2012-08-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T09:54:51.212379Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/08/16649459/household-enterprises-sub-saharan-africa-matter-growth-jobs-livelihoods
okr.globalpracticeSocial Protection and Labor
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeHealth, Nutrition, and Population
okr.guid935981468211804823
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-6184
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20120829153623
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum16649459
okr.identifier.reportWPS6184
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2012/08/29/000158349_20120829153623/Rendered/PDF/wps6184.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Markets
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population Policies
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicBanks and Banking Reform
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Rural Poverty Reduction
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication319227eb-e3c8-55f7-83ee-17a5801a8adf
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery319227eb-e3c8-55f7-83ee-17a5801a8adf
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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