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From Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania

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dc.contributor.authorWily, Liz Alden
dc.contributor.authorDewees, Peter A.
dc.date.accessioned2014-08-26T18:40:51Z
dc.date.available2014-08-26T18:40:51Z
dc.date.issued2001-03
dc.description.abstractCentral control of forests takes management responsibility away from the communities most dependent on them, inevitably resulting in tensions. Like many African countries, Tanzania--which has forest or woodland cover over 30-40 percent of its land--established central forestry institutions at a time when there was little need for active management and protection because population pressures were low. But in the face of scarce public resources and burgeoning demand from the growing population for agricultural landand woodland products, there has been growing recognition of the need to bring individuals, local groups, and communities into the policy, planning, and management process if woodlands are to remain productive in the coming decades. Tanzania established its first three community-owned and -managed forest reserves in September 1994. Today, supported by substantive policy reforms that largely grew out of the early experiences with community-based management, more than 500 villages own and manage forest reserves, and anoher 500 or so smaller social units and individuals have recognized reserves. Joint management by the state and the people is getting underway in at least four government-owned forest reserves.The authors describe the evolution of community-based forest and woodland management in Tanzania and the underlying policy, legal, and institutional framework. They draw together some of the lessons from this experience and review emerging issues. They find that the most successful initiatives involving communities and individuals have been those that moved away from a user-centric approach (like that often used in South Asia) and toward an approach based on the idea that communities can be most effective when they are fully involved in all aspects of decisionmaking about management and protection. This suggests that the government should allow communities to become engaged as managers in their own right, rather than as passive participants who merely agree to the management parameters defined by the government. The Tanzanian experience has shown that community-based forest and woodland management can be an integral part of initiatives that seek to improve governance over natural resources by improving accountability and by democratizing decisionmaking at the local level.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/03/1047469/users-custodians-changing-relations-between-people-state-forest-management-tanzania
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2569
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/19697
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 2569
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL POLICY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectBIODIVERSITY
dc.subjectCATCHMENT
dc.subjectCHEMICAL FERTILIZERS
dc.subjectCOMMON LAND
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY FORESTRY
dc.subjectCONSERVATION ACT
dc.subjectCULTIVATION
dc.subjectEXPLOITATION
dc.subjectEXTENSION
dc.subjectFARMING
dc.subjectFARMS
dc.subjectFERTILIZERS
dc.subjectFIREWOOD
dc.subjectFOREST
dc.subjectFOREST AREAS
dc.subjectFOREST COMMITTEE
dc.subjectFOREST COMMITTEES
dc.subjectFOREST GUARDS
dc.subjectFOREST LEGISLATION
dc.subjectFOREST MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectFOREST MANAGERS
dc.subjectFOREST OFFICER
dc.subjectFOREST PLANTATIONS
dc.subjectFOREST POLICY
dc.subjectFOREST PRODUCTS
dc.subjectFOREST PROTECTION
dc.subjectFOREST RESERVES
dc.subjectFOREST RESOURCES
dc.subjectFOREST USERS
dc.subjectFORESTERS
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectFORESTRY INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFORESTRY LEGISLATION
dc.subjectFORESTRY POLICY
dc.subjectFORESTRY SECTOR
dc.subjectFORESTS
dc.subjectFUELWOOD
dc.subjectGRAZING
dc.subjectGRAZING LANDS
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
dc.subjectLAND LAW
dc.subjectLAND LEGISLATION
dc.subjectLAND MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectLAND POLICY
dc.subjectLAND TENURE
dc.subjectNATIONAL FOREST ESTATE
dc.subjectNATIONAL FOREST POLICY
dc.subjectNATIONAL FORESTRY
dc.subjectNATURAL FORESTS
dc.subjectNATURAL REGENERATION
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectPLANTING
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPOPULATION PRESSURES
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVE RESOURCES
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectREFORESTATION
dc.subjectREGENERATION
dc.subjectRURAL COMMUNITIES
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTIMBER
dc.subjectTIMBER PRODUCTION
dc.subjectTREE PLANTING
dc.subjectTREES
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVILLAGE FOREST
dc.subjectVILLAGE LANDS
dc.subjectWILDLIFE
dc.subjectWILDLIFE CONSERVATION
dc.subjectWOODLAND
dc.subjectWOODLAND RESOURCES
dc.subjectWOODLANDS
dc.titleFrom Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzaniaen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleFrom Users to Custodians: Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania
okr.date.disclosure2001-03-31
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T09:32:25.686608Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/03/1047469/users-custodians-changing-relations-between-people-state-forest-management-tanzania
okr.globalpracticeSocial, Urban, Rural and Resilience
okr.globalpracticeAgriculture
okr.globalpracticeEnvironment and Natural Resources
okr.guid328961468781162511
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2569
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000094946_01032905305499
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum1047469
okr.identifier.reportWPS2569
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2001/04/13/000094946_01032905305499/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.countryTanzania
okr.sectorAgriculture, fishing, and forestry :: Forestry
okr.topicRural Development::Forestry
okr.topicAgricultural Knowledge and Information Systems
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.topicEnvironment::Forests and Forestry
okr.topicDrylands and Desertification
okr.unitEnvironment and Social Development Unit, Africa Technical Families
okr.volume1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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