Publication:
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Background Case Study

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorGambino, Tony
dc.date.accessioned2017-06-27T15:51:48Z
dc.date.available2017-06-27T15:51:48Z
dc.date.issued2011-03-02
dc.description.abstractThe Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has been described by one senior African diplomat at the United Nations as a 'state in the making; it is not yet a state.' Further, this 'state in the making' also is a state that, with few exceptions, has been in decline since the early 1970s. The colonial era, from 1885 until 1958, was a period of nearly uninterrupted state construction; the hegemony of the Belgian colonial apparatus steadily deepened. In its final two years, the colonial edifice progressively lost control over civil society to a tumultuous and fragmented nationalist movement, which was unable to capture intact the colonial infrastructure. The result was five years of turbulent state deflation, generally known as the 'Congo crisis.' The Mobutu coup of 1965 inaugurated a new cycle, with eight years in which a rising tide of state ascendancy seemed to dominate the political process. After 1974 currents of decline again began to flow strongly, progressively eroding the superstructure of hegemony. The actual purpose of the Zairian government under Mobutu was not to fulfill basic state functions; rather, the government existed as a structure for individual enrichment and patronage. Officials at the highest levels stole large amounts of money, usually from mineral or customs revenues, sometimes through extremely straightforward strategies, such as literally pocketing gem diamonds and having them sold for personal gain in Antwerp or elsewhere.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/642841468247291959/Congo-Democratic-Republic-of-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/27324
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/27324
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesWorld Development Report 2011 Background Papers;
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectABUSES
dc.subjectAID FLOWS
dc.subjectAIDS EPIDEMIC
dc.subjectALLIANCES
dc.subjectARMED FORCES
dc.subjectARMIES
dc.subjectARMS
dc.subjectARMY
dc.subjectBASIC
dc.subjectBATTLES
dc.subjectBRIBES
dc.subjectBUSINESSMEN
dc.subjectCHILD SOLDIERS
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCIVIL SERVANTS
dc.subjectCIVIL SOCIETY
dc.subjectCIVIL WAR
dc.subjectCIVILIAN POPULATION
dc.subjectCOLD WAR
dc.subjectCOLLAPSE
dc.subjectCOLLUSION
dc.subjectCOMBAT
dc.subjectCOMBATANTS
dc.subjectCOMMAND AND CONTROL
dc.subjectCOMMUNITIES
dc.subjectCOMMUNITIES OF ORIGIN
dc.subjectCONDITIONALITY
dc.subjectCONFIDENCE
dc.subjectCONFLICT
dc.subjectCONFLICT RESOLUTION
dc.subjectCONFLICTS
dc.subjectCORRUPT
dc.subjectCORRUPTION
dc.subjectCOUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS
dc.subjectCOUNTERPARTS
dc.subjectCRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
dc.subjectCRIMINAL
dc.subjectCRISES
dc.subjectDEATHS
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEFENSE
dc.subjectDEMOBILIZATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT PLANS
dc.subjectDIPLOMACY
dc.subjectDISARMAMENT
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDISENGAGEMENT
dc.subjectDISPLACEMENT CAMPS
dc.subjectDISPUTES
dc.subjectELECTIONS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT CREATION
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT
dc.subjectETHNIC GROUP
dc.subjectEXCESS MORTALITY
dc.subjectEXPLOITATION
dc.subjectFIGHTING
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFOREIGN POLICY
dc.subjectFOREIGN RELATIONS
dc.subjectFUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
dc.subjectGENOCIDE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
dc.subjectGRAVE
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectHEALTH SECTOR
dc.subjectHEALTH SYSTEM
dc.subjectHOST COUNTRY
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS
dc.subjectHUMAN SECURITY
dc.subjectHUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectHUMANITARIAN INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectIMF
dc.subjectIMMIGRATION
dc.subjectINDIGENOUS GROUPS
dc.subjectINITIATIVE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL EFFORTS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL SECURITY
dc.subjectINVASIONS
dc.subjectINVESTIGATION
dc.subjectINVESTIGATIONS
dc.subjectJUDICIAL SYSTEM
dc.subjectJUDICIARY
dc.subjectJUSTICE
dc.subjectLAND TENURE
dc.subjectLEGAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectLOW INTENSITY CONFLICT
dc.subjectMALARIA
dc.subjectMASSACRES
dc.subjectMEDIA
dc.subjectMEETING
dc.subjectMEMBER STATES
dc.subjectMILITARY INTERVENTION
dc.subjectMILITARY OFFICERS
dc.subjectMILITARY OPERATIONS
dc.subjectMILITIA
dc.subjectMILITIA MOVEMENTS
dc.subjectMILITIAS
dc.subjectMINISTER
dc.subjectMINISTERS
dc.subjectMORTALITY RATE
dc.subjectNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectNATIONAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEVELS
dc.subjectNATIONAL PLANS
dc.subjectNATIONS
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNEGOTIATION
dc.subjectNEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectNETWORKS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF PEOPLE
dc.subjectOBSERVERS
dc.subjectOLD MEN
dc.subjectPATRONAGE
dc.subjectPEACE
dc.subjectPEACE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectPEACE BUILDING
dc.subjectPEACE PROCESS
dc.subjectPEACEBUILDING
dc.subjectPEACEKEEPERS
dc.subjectPEACEKEEPING
dc.subjectPEACEKEEPING MISSIONS
dc.subjectPEACEMAKING
dc.subjectPERSONAL GAIN
dc.subjectPOLICE
dc.subjectPOLICE FORCE
dc.subjectPOLICE OFFICER
dc.subjectPOLICE OFFICERS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL LEADERSHIP
dc.subjectPOLITICAL POWER
dc.subjectPOLITICAL PROCESS
dc.subjectPRESS RELEASE
dc.subjectPREVENTIVE ACTION
dc.subjectPRIMARY HEALTH CARE
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectRADAR
dc.subjectRAPE
dc.subjectREBEL
dc.subjectREBELS
dc.subjectRECONCILIATION
dc.subjectRECONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectREFUGEE
dc.subjectREFUGEE MOVEMENTS
dc.subjectREGIONAL CONFLICT
dc.subjectREHABILITATION
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectRULE OF LAW
dc.subjectRULING PARTY
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectSECURITY FORCES
dc.subjectSENSITIVE ISSUES
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectSEXUAL VIOLENCE
dc.subjectSOLDIERS
dc.subjectSOVEREIGN STATES
dc.subjectSOVEREIGNTY
dc.subjectSPILLOVER
dc.subjectSTRATEGIC PRIORITIES
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASPECTS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTOLERANCE
dc.subjectTREATY
dc.subjectUNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectVICTIMS
dc.subjectVIOLENCE
dc.subjectVIOLENT CONFLICT
dc.subjectWAR
dc.subjectWAR CRIMES
dc.subjectWARFARE
dc.subjectWARS
dc.subjectWARTIME
dc.subjectWEAPONS
dc.subjectWEBSITE
dc.subjectWORLD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectZERO TOLERANCE
dc.titleDemocratic Republic of the Congoen
dc.title.subtitleBackground Case Studyen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleDemocratic Republic of the Congo
okr.date.disclosure2011-05-30
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-05T12:33:52.470944Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/642841468247291959/Congo-Democratic-Republic-of-Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo
okr.guid642841468247291959
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000333037_20110530052147
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum14266048
okr.identifier.report62029
okr.importedtrue
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/642841468247291959/pdf/620290WP0Democ0BOX0361475B00PUBLIC0.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.countryCongo, Democratic Republic of
okr.topicConflict and Development::Peace & Peacekeeping
okr.topicConflict and Development::Post Conflict Reconstruction
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population Sciences
okr.topicLaw and Development::Corruption & Anticorruption Law
okr.topicScience and Technology Development
okr.unitPublishing and Knowledge (ECRPK)
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Thumbnail Image
Name:
620290WP0Democ0BOX0361475B00PUBLIC0.pdf
Size:
699.74 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
620290WP0Democ0BOX0361475B00PUBLIC0.txt
Size:
105.93 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Description:
Download
Collections
World Development Report Background Papers