Publication: Private Sector Engagement in Public Health Systems
Loading...
Date
2022-09
ISSN
Published
2022-09
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
The aim of the literature review was to provide evidence on private health sector engagement globally, with a specific focus on the South Caucasus. The analysis focused on private sector engagement through the lens of policy dialogue, information sharing, regulation, financing, and private sector provision, including performance and private sector engagement modalities. Results showed that the private sector in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia is heterogenous. Regulation aimed to increase health coverage with quality services and increase the institutional capacity of the Ministries of Health to collect and analyze data to know better how the private health sector operates and promote private-public partnership to respond to public health challenges. The creation of an autonomous health superintendence would help improve the performance of the private sector: overseeing and supervising the service delivery of private providers and ensuring a strong regulatory environment within countries with high levels of out-of-pocket payments. This entity should enforce transparent behaviors of doctor practices, licensing of physicians, and accreditation of private providers. In addition, the South Caucasus countries can adopt a mix of payment systems with private providers and establish arrangements that ensure a strong private-public partnership (PPP) in health through well-defined contracts. Health facilities with management autonomy should also ensure quality-based purchasing. PPPs would be an optimal way for the South Caucasus to engage with the private sector. Political will, legislative environments and regulatory frameworks, transparency, public sector capacity, complete and flexible contracts, and broad stakeholder engagement are essential conditions to expand PPPs. Learning from best practices globally and expanding research on how health systems create and regulate mixed public-private services are also essential to improve quality, equity, and efficiency of these systems, as countries work to achieve universal health coverage.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“Cortez, Rafael; Quinlan-Davidson, Meaghen. 2022. Private Sector Engagement in Public Health Systems. Health, Nutrition, and Population (HNP) Discussion Paper;September 2022. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/38231 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Challenges for Adolescent's Sexual and Reproductive Health within the Context of Universal Health Coverage(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2014-10)Young people (10-24 years of age), around the world face tremendous challenges to meeting their sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs. Inadequate access to health information and services, as well as inequitable gender norms, contributes to a lack of knowledge and awareness about puberty, sexuality, and basic human rights. This can have serious implications on young people s health and welfare as well economic development and poverty reduction. Given the importance of ASRH within the context of development as well as the paucity of data on the issue, the WBG conducted a global analysis and country case studies in order to: (i) gain a deeper understanding of the multi-sectoral determinants of ASRH outcomes; (ii) explore further the multi-sectoral supply and demand-side determinants of access, utilization, and provision of services relevant to identified ASRH outcomes; and (iii) identify multi-sectoral programmatic and policy options to address critical constraints to improving ASRH outcomes that can inform WBG lending operations and policy dialogue.Publication Socioeconomic Differences in Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015-01)Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) is one of five areas of focus of the World Banks reproductive health action plan (RHAP) 2010-2015, which recognizes the importance of addressing ASRH as a development issue with important implications for poverty reduction. Delaying childbearing and preventing unintended pregnancies during adolescence has been shown to improve health outcomes and increase opportunities for schooling, future employment, and earnings. This brief highlights the limited contraceptive use among adolescent women and the socioeconomic disparities in family planning among this population. The results indicate the importance of investing in programs aimed at increasing access to safe and effective contraceptive methods and expanding adolescents knowledge of modern contraception, particularly among adolescent women in rural and poor areas and or those with limited or no education, regardless of marital status. Continued investment should be made in female education and empowerment as a means to reach economic development goals, as well as related goals, such as an increase in adolescent contraceptive use to reduce the incidence of unplanned pregnancies.Publication Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Burkina Faso(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015-03)Today s adolescents and youth face substantial physical, social, legal, and economic barriers to meeting their SRH potential. Key factors underlying these issues are a lack of adolescent SRH (ASRH) policies and access to accessible, affordable, and appropriate health services. The impact that these factors have on adolescent health and development is clearly seen in Burkina Faso. Burkinabè adolescent girls face high adolescent fertility rates, early and forced marriage, an increased risk of maternal mortality, and a high unmet need for contraception, among others. Adding to this issue is a lack of access to education, basic health information, and SRH services, contributing to a lack of awareness and knowledge about SRH and traditional and harmful gender stereotypes. The objectives of the study were to understand the impact that structural and proximal determinants have on access to ASRH services and health outcomes; and the impact that recently implemented policies and programs have on ASRH.Publication Verification and Monitoring of Results and Strategic Purchasing(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2022-08-31)The aim of the study was to highlight the different verification processes that four countries and one province take to monitor efficiency, quality, coverage, financial protection, and health outcomes in health systems. The literature review focused on the experiences of England and Sweden, illustrating a comprehensive verification process. Norway, the Canadian province of Ontario, and Turkey collected data on health care provider performance but did not publicly report it. Different instruments were used. Performance measures of patient-reported experiences, compliance with clinical guidelines, and waiting times have become common measurement-based indicators. To improve verification processes, it is necessary to maintain accountability between providers and governments to ensure that the overall objectives of health care are achieved. Monitoring effective service coverage includes measuring the population in need of the service using administrative records from service providers, determining the effectiveness of service coverage using selected indicators, and monitoring equity in access to quality health services using data disaggregated by inequality dimensions. Verification of results is essential within the context of institutional arrangements for the purchasing of health care services to providers. There is autonomy over several significant decision areas such as staffing (numbers and skill mix); financial management (ability to take loans); the scope of activities and capital investments; governance mechanisms that make providers accountable to purchasers; and conditions that balance the power between purchasers and providers. Within this context, monitoring and verification of results is critical to enhance the performance of service providers and ensure value for money within health expenditure. This would be strengthened by previously agreed standards between providers and the implementing agency. Setting strong monitoring and verification procedures has become a key factor in the success of Results-Based Financing programs in general, strengthening health information and governance structures are the most valuable ‘spillover effects’ of such programs.Publication How to Engage with the Private Sector in Public-Private Partnerships in Emerging Markets(World Bank, 2011-06-14)What transforms a desirable project on a government wish list to an attractive investment opportunity in the eyes of a potential private sector partner? This guide seeks to enhance the chances of developing effective partnerships between the public and the private sectors by addressing one of the main obstacles to the effective delivery of public-private partnership (PPP) projects: having the right information on the right project for the right partners at the right time. Data from the World Bank and the Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) private participation in infrastructure (PPI) project database indicate that private sector investment in infrastructure in developing economies grew steadily over the past decade. By 2007 the levels had finally surpassed the peak levels seen in 1997, the end of the previous growth spurt. This guide focuses specifically on what should be done, and when, in order to prepare projects to attract the right long-term private partners, procure their involvement, and manage the partnership. This guide is not a detailed project preparation manual; rather, it seeks to provide an overview of the process and what is involved so that greater realism can be applied to this challenging task and adequate resource plans can be developed.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Impact Evaluation in Practice, Second Edition(Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank and World Bank, 2016-09-13)The second edition of the Impact Evaluation in Practice handbook is a comprehensive and accessible introduction to impact evaluation for policy makers and development practitioners. First published in 2011, it has been used widely across the development and academic communities. The book incorporates real-world examples to present practical guidelines for designing and implementing impact evaluations. Readers will gain an understanding of impact evaluations and the best ways to use them to design evidence-based policies and programs. The updated version covers the newest techniques for evaluating programs and includes state-of-the-art implementation advice, as well as an expanded set of examples and case studies that draw on recent development challenges. It also includes new material on research ethics and partnerships to conduct impact evaluation. The handbook is divided into four sections: Part One discusses what to evaluate and why; Part Two presents the main impact evaluation methods; Part Three addresses how to manage impact evaluations; Part Four reviews impact evaluation sampling and data collection. Case studies illustrate different applications of impact evaluations. The book links to complementary instructional material available online, including an applied case as well as questions and answers. The updated second edition will be a valuable resource for the international development community, universities, and policy makers looking to build better evidence around what works in development.Publication Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2022(Washington, DC : World Bank, 2022)Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2022: Correcting Course provides the first comprehensive analysis of the pandemic’s toll on poverty in developing countries. It identifies how governments can optimize fiscal policy to help correct course. Fiscal policies offset the impact of COVID-19 on poverty in many high-income countries, but those policies offset barely one quarter of the pandemic’s impact in low-income countries and lower-middle-income countries. Improving support to households as crises continue will require reorienting protective spending away from generally regressive and inefficient subsidies and toward a direct transfer support system—a first key priority. Reorienting fiscal spending toward supporting growth is a second key priority identified by the report. Some of the highest-value public spending often pays out decades later. Amid crises, it is difficult to protect such investments, but it is essential to do so. Finally, it is not enough just to spend wisely - when additional revenue does need to be mobilized, it must be done in a way that minimizes reductions in poor people’s incomes. The report highlights how exploring underused forms of progressive taxation and increasing the efficiency of tax collection can help in this regard. Poverty and Shared Prosperity is a biennial series that reports on global trends in poverty and shared prosperity. Each report also explores a central challenge to poverty reduction and boosting shared prosperity, assessing what works well and what does not in different settings. By bringing together the latest evidence, this corporate flagship report provides a foundation for informed advocacy around ending extreme poverty and improving the lives of the poorest in every country in the world. For more information, please visit worldbank.org/poverty-and-shared-prosperity.Publication Empowerment in Practice : From Analysis to Implementation(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2006)This book represents an effort to present an easily accessible framework to readers, especially those for whom empowerment remains a puzzling development concern, conceptually and in application. The book is divided into two parts. Part 1 explains how the empowerment framework can be used for understanding, measuring, monitoring, and operationalizing empowerment policy and practice. Part 2 presents summaries of each of the five country studies, using them to discuss how the empowerment framework can be applied in very different country and sector contexts and what lessons can be learned from these test cases. While this book can offer only a limited empirical basis for the positive association between empowerment and development outcomes, it does add to the body of work supporting the existence of such a relationship. Perhaps more importantly, it also provides a framework for future research to test the association and to prioritize practical interventions seeking to empower individuals and groups.Publication World Development Report 2004(World Bank, 2003)Too often, services fail poor people in access, in quality, and in affordability. But the fact that there are striking examples where basic services such as water, sanitation, health, education, and electricity do work for poor people means that governments and citizens can do a better job of providing them. Learning from success and understanding the sources of failure, this year’s World Development Report, argues that services can be improved by putting poor people at the center of service provision. How? By enabling the poor to monitor and discipline service providers, by amplifying their voice in policymaking, and by strengthening the incentives for providers to serve the poor. Freedom from illness and freedom from illiteracy are two of the most important ways poor people can escape from poverty. To achieve these goals, economic growth and financial resources are of course necessary, but they are not enough. The World Development Report provides a practical framework for making the services that contribute to human development work for poor people. With this framework, citizens, governments, and donors can take action and accelerate progress toward the common objective of poverty reduction, as specified in the Millennium Development Goals.Publication Digital Progress and Trends Report 2023(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-03-05)Digitalization is the transformational opportunity of our time. The digital sector has become a powerhouse of innovation, economic growth, and job creation. Value added in the IT services sector grew at 8 percent annually during 2000–22, nearly twice as fast as the global economy. Employment growth in IT services reached 7 percent annually, six times higher than total employment growth. The diffusion and adoption of digital technologies are just as critical as their invention. Digital uptake has accelerated since the COVID-19 pandemic, with 1.5 billion new internet users added from 2018 to 2022. The share of firms investing in digital solutions around the world has more than doubled from 2020 to 2022. Low-income countries, vulnerable populations, and small firms, however, have been falling behind, while transformative digital innovations such as artificial intelligence (AI) have been accelerating in higher-income countries. Although more than 90 percent of the population in high-income countries was online in 2022, only one in four people in low-income countries used the internet, and the speed of their connection was typically only a small fraction of that in wealthier countries. As businesses in technologically advanced countries integrate generative AI into their products and services, less than half of the businesses in many low- and middle-income countries have an internet connection. The growing digital divide is exacerbating the poverty and productivity gaps between richer and poorer economies. The Digital Progress and Trends Report series will track global digitalization progress and highlight policy trends, debates, and implications for low- and middle-income countries. The series adds to the global efforts to study the progress and trends of digitalization in two main ways: · By compiling, curating, and analyzing data from diverse sources to present a comprehensive picture of digitalization in low- and middle-income countries, including in-depth analyses on understudied topics. · By developing insights on policy opportunities, challenges, and debates and reflecting the perspectives of various stakeholders and the World Bank’s operational experiences. This report, the first in the series, aims to inform evidence-based policy making and motivate action among internal and external audiences and stakeholders. The report will bring global attention to high-performing countries that have valuable experience to share as well as to areas where efforts will need to be redoubled.