Publication:
Are Cities the New Growth Escalator?

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorMoretti, Enrico
dc.date.accessioned2014-06-25T19:12:27Z
dc.date.available2014-06-25T19:12:27Z
dc.date.issued2014-05
dc.description.abstractUrban areas tend to have much more productive labor and higher salaries than rural areas, and there are vast differences across urban areas. Areas with high salaries and high productivity tend to have employers that invest in much more research and development than areas with low salaries and low productivity. This paper addresses two questions. First, it discusses the causes of these vast geographical differences in wages, human capital, and innovation. The second part of the paper discusses regional economic development policies. The European Union has an even more ambitious program transferring its development funds to regions with below average incomes. Asian countries, especially China, have a variety of special economic zones, designed to attract foreign investment to specific areas. Such regional development policies, often called place-based economic policies, are effectively a form of welfare, targeting cities or regions, not individuals. While such policies are widespread, the economic logic behind them is rarely discussed and even less frequently understood. This paper clarifies when these policies are wasteful, when they are efficient, and who the expected winners and losers are. Understanding when government intervention makes sense and when it does not is a crucial first step in setting sound economic development policies. Local governments can certainly lay a foundation for economic development and create all the conditions necessary for a city's rebirth, including a business climate friendly to job creation.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/05/19540035/cities-new-growth-escalator
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-6881
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/18744
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 6881
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACADEMIC RESEARCH
dc.subjectAVERAGE WAGE
dc.subjectCAREER
dc.subjectCAREERS
dc.subjectCARPENTERS
dc.subjectCITIES
dc.subjectCOLLEGE EDUCATION
dc.subjectCOLLEGE GRADUATE
dc.subjectCOLLEGE GRADUATES
dc.subjectCOLLEGE-EDUCATED WORKERS
dc.subjectCOLLEGES
dc.subjectCOMMUNITIES
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCROSS-SECTIONAL DATA
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHICS
dc.subjectDEPRESSION
dc.subjectDIVISION OF LABOR
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectEDUCATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectEXTERNALITY
dc.subjectFLOW OF KNOWLEDGE
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INTERVENTION
dc.subjectGROWTH THEORY
dc.subjectHIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES
dc.subjectHIGH WAGES
dc.subjectHIGHER PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectHOUSING
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectINNOVATION
dc.subjectINNOVATIONS
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectJOBS
dc.subjectLABOR COSTS
dc.subjectLABOR DEMAND
dc.subjectLABOR ECONOMICS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLABORERS
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLAND USE REGULATIONS
dc.subjectLAYOFF
dc.subjectLEARNING
dc.subjectLEARNING OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectLEVELS OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLITERACY
dc.subjectLITERATURE
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLOCAL EMPLOYERS
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectLOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectLOCAL LABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLOCAL LABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectMANPOWER
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMEDICAL SCHOOL
dc.subjectMETROPOLITAN AREAS
dc.subjectMUNICIPALITIES
dc.subjectOCCUPATION
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONS
dc.subjectOPEN ACCESS
dc.subjectPAPERS
dc.subjectPAYING JOBS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPRIVATE COMPANIES
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRODUCTION FACILITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GAINS
dc.subjectRECESSION
dc.subjectRENTS
dc.subjectREPUBLIC
dc.subjectRESEARCH CENTERS
dc.subjectRESEARCH UNIVERSITY
dc.subjectRESEARCHERS
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSCHOOLS
dc.subjectSCIENCE RESEARCH
dc.subjectSCIENTISTS
dc.subjectSENIORITY
dc.subjectSERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectSERVICE SECTOR
dc.subjectSKILLED INDIVIDUALS
dc.subjectSKILLED WORKER
dc.subjectSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectSOCIAL BENEFITS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SCIENTISTS
dc.subjectSTEEL FACTORY
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTOTAL LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION
dc.subjectUNIVERSITIES
dc.subjectUNSKILLED WORKER
dc.subjectUNSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN CENTERS
dc.subjectURBAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectWASTE
dc.subjectWORKER
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.titleAre Cities the New Growth Escalator?en
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaJobs
okr.crossref.titleAre Cities the New Growth Escalator?
okr.date.disclosure2014-05-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T11:26:32.258948Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/05/19540035/cities-new-growth-escalator
okr.globalpracticeMacroeconomics and Fiscal Management
okr.globalpracticeSocial, Urban, Rural and Resilience
okr.globalpracticeEducation
okr.globalpracticeSocial Protection and Labor
okr.guid879021468153289385
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-6881
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20140520115603
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum19540035
okr.identifier.reportWPS6881
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/05/20/000158349_20140520115603/Rendered/PDF/WPS6881.pdfen
okr.topicCommunities and Human Settlements::Urban Slums Upgrading
okr.topicTertiary Education
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Political Economy
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Markets
okr.topicEducation
okr.unitUrban and Disaster Risk Management Department, Sustainable Development Network
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Thumbnail Image
Name:
WPS6881.pdf
Size:
976.43 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
WPS6881.txt
Size:
83.02 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Description:
Download
Collections
Policy Research Working Papers