Publication:
How Much of the Labor in African Agriculture Is Provided by Women?

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dc.contributor.authorPalacios-Lopez, Amparo
dc.contributor.authorChristiaensen, Luc
dc.contributor.authorKilic, Talip
dc.date.accessioned2015-07-14T21:06:10Z
dc.date.available2015-07-14T21:06:10Z
dc.date.issued2015-06
dc.description.abstractThe contribution of women to labor in African agriculture is regularly quoted in the range of 60 to 80 percent. Using individual-disaggregated, plot-level labor input data from nationally representative household surveys across six Sub-Saharan African countries, this study estimates the average female labor share in crop production at 40 percent. It is slightly above 50 percent in Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda, and substantially lower in Nigeria (37 percent), Ethiopia (29 percent), and Niger (24 percent). There are no systematic differences across crops and activities, but female labor shares tend to be higher in households where women own a larger share of the land and when they are more educated. Controlling for the gender and knowledge profile of the respondents does not meaningfully change the predicted female labor shares. The findings question prevailing assertions regarding substantial gains in aggregate crop output as a result of increasing female agricultural productivity.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/06/24577778/much-labor-african-agriculture-provided-women
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/22155
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 7282
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFARM EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectFERTILIZER
dc.subjectPRODUCTION
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
dc.subjectPREMISES
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectLABOR ALLOCATION
dc.subjectRURAL WOMEN
dc.subjectLEGUMES
dc.subjectQUINONES
dc.subjectPESTICIDE
dc.subjectINFORMATION
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectANIMALS
dc.subjectHOUSING
dc.subjectPLANTING
dc.subjectDATA ON WOMEN
dc.subjectEFFECTS
dc.subjectINCENTIVES
dc.subjectHEALTH
dc.subjectIFPRI
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectLABOR STATISTICS
dc.subjectRURAL YOUTH
dc.subjectPROJECT
dc.subjectFEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectFARM INCOME
dc.subjectTOWNS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectASSOCIATIONS
dc.subjectSMALL TOWNS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
dc.subjectOIL PALM
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE
dc.subjectMAIZE
dc.subjectSUNFLOWER
dc.subjectCROP PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCEREALS
dc.subjectDISEASES
dc.subjectCASH CROPS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDWELLING
dc.subjectFARM EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPALM OIL
dc.subjectMARKETS
dc.subjectORGANIZATIONS
dc.subjectFRUITS
dc.subjectVEGETABLES
dc.subjectFIELD WORK
dc.subjectSUGAR CANE
dc.subjectINDICATORS
dc.subjectRESEARCH
dc.subjectFARMING
dc.subjectLIVESTOCK
dc.subjectSTANDARDS
dc.subjectLABOR
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectJUTE
dc.subjectPLOWING
dc.subjectANIMAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCOCOA
dc.subjectCULTIVATED LAND
dc.subjectTOBACCO
dc.subjectCROPS
dc.subjectFOOD PRODUCTION
dc.subjectDESIGN
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR
dc.subjectPRODUCE
dc.subjectFACTOR MARKETS
dc.subjectFOOD SECURITY
dc.subjectTEA
dc.subjectCROP
dc.subjectPARTICIPATION
dc.subjectECOLOGICAL ZONES
dc.subjectVALUE
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectCULTIVATION
dc.subjectFARM ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectTUBERS
dc.subjectMAIZE PRODUCTION
dc.subjectREPORTS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD
dc.subjectCOFFEE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectFAO
dc.subjectYOUTH
dc.subjectFARM WORK
dc.subjectMARKET
dc.subjectHARVESTING
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectMANAGEMENT
dc.subjectCOTTON
dc.subjectDEGRADATION
dc.subjectLAND
dc.subjectLAND PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL LABOR
dc.subjectSECURITY
dc.subjectEDUCATION
dc.subjectFEMALES
dc.subjectSUGARCANE
dc.subjectWORKING CONDITIONS
dc.subjectRISK
dc.subjectFARM
dc.subjectFOOD CROPS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectCROP AGRICULTURE
dc.subjectFOOD SUPPLY
dc.subjectEDIBLE CROPS
dc.subjectLABOR ALLOCATION DECISIONS
dc.subjectSUPPLY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectHOUSES
dc.subjectYIELDS
dc.subjectPRODUCTION ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectCHILD LABOR
dc.subjectLIVELIHOODS
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY
dc.subjectGREEN REVOLUTION
dc.subjectWOMEN
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL
dc.subjectFARMING SYSTEMS
dc.subjectLABOUR
dc.subjectFOOD PROCESSING
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectOUTCOMES
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectGUM ARABIC
dc.subjectFEMALE
dc.subjectSOIL QUALITY
dc.subjectSUGAR
dc.titleHow Much of the Labor in African Agriculture Is Provided by Women?en
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.associatedcontenthttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/25373 Accepted journal manuscript
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaGender
okr.date.disclosure2015-06-02
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/06/24577778/much-labor-african-agriculture-provided-women
okr.globalpracticeSocial Protection and Labor
okr.globalpracticeAgriculture
okr.guid979671468189858347
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7282
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b082ee76a7_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum24577778
okr.identifier.reportWPS7282
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/06/02/090224b082ee76a7/1_0/Rendered/PDF/How0much0of0th00provided0by0women00.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.geographicalSub-Saharan Africa
okr.topicAgricultural Knowledge and Information Systems
okr.topicCrops and Crop Management Systems
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicAgriculture
okr.topicCommunities and Human Settlements::Housing & Human Habitats
okr.topicRural Development::Rural Development Knowledge & Information Systems
okr.unitOffice of the Chief Economist, Africa Region of the World Bank
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationedddec25-fd05-5c5a-b900-c6e67e3312a4
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryedddec25-fd05-5c5a-b900-c6e67e3312a4
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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