Publication:
Sudan - Stabilization and Reconstruction : Country Economic Memorandum, Volume 1. Main Text

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dc.contributor.authorWorld Bank
dc.date.accessioned2013-07-26T16:56:39Z
dc.date.available2013-07-26T16:56:39Z
dc.date.issued2003-06-30
dc.description.abstractThis Country Economic Memorandum is the first economic report in a decade. It gives priority to updating knowledge about the evolution of social and economic developments during the 1990s. It reviewareas of progress in macroeconomic reforms and the lack of success in governance and institutional reforms. Substantial reforms were undertaken in this period , but the civil war continued to have a serious negative impact on Sudan's people and its economic prospects. While the results of the reforms have been promising, particularly in the area of macroeconomic stabilization and liberalization, the distribution of economic wealth needs to improve. Although there has not been any national household survey since 1978, social indicators point to low levels of welfare throughout Sudan, with some indicators well below those in Sub-Saharan Africa. among the many issues facing the Sudanese economy are these: There has been high growth but skewed distribution. Stabilization has been costly in social terms: expenditures were cut by more than 50 percent relative to gross domestic product (GDP), causing considerable reductions in social services and infrastructure development. Key services were decentralized, delegated to states and local communities, which had neither the revenues nor the administrative capacity for these tasks. High poverty rates persist. Social inequalities threaten to undermine macroeconomic stability. Moreover, the civil war was costly in terms of human suffering. Millions are internally displaced, there are almost a million refugees in camps in neighboring countries, the death toll is estimated at 2 million, and warring armies continue to claim substantial resources. However, peace negotiations look encouraging. For peace to be sustained, it must be accompanied by economic and governance reforms, and a formula for equitable sharing of resources and power must be found for resolving the major root causes of decades of civil war. Reconstruction and development needs are enormous and will require external financing. Even after debt rescheduling, additional resources will be needed and the Sudan will urgently be expected to put measures in place to improve public resources management. As for the major sectors, infrastructure needs major rehabilitation and development, agricultural reforms need to be pursued, improved social services are a high priority, and war-affected areas face special difficulties like food insecurity. The needs of women require special attention, particularly in those parts of the country where women suffer severely from the violence and lawlessness that emerged as a result of the prolonged civil war. Many are widows and many have suffered also from rape, insecurity, and other traumas. the average ratio iof adult women to adult men is two to one in war-affected areas in southern Sudan, and only one out of ten women is literate,en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/06/2480788/sudan-stabilization-reconstruction-country-economic-memorandum-vol-1-2-main-text
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/14622
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/14622
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY
dc.subjectADVERSE CONSEQUENCES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectANALYTICAL WORK
dc.subjectAUTHORITY
dc.subjectBALANCE OF PAYMENTS
dc.subjectBUDGET ALLOCATIONS
dc.subjectBUDGET CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectBUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS
dc.subjectCAPACITY BUILDING
dc.subjectCENTRAL BANK
dc.subjectCIVIL SOCIETY
dc.subjectCIVIL WAR
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANKS
dc.subjectCONSTITUENCIES
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION POVERTY
dc.subjectCOUNTRY CONTEXT
dc.subjectCOUNTRY DATA
dc.subjectCURRENCY UNIT
dc.subjectDECENTRALIZATION
dc.subjectDEREGULATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
dc.subjectDIVIDENDS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC WATER
dc.subjectDOMESTIC WATER SUPPLIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONTEXT
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC MEMORANDUM
dc.subjectECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectECONOMIC TRENDS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENTERPRISE REFORM
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL DEBT
dc.subjectFEDERAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFISCAL
dc.subjectFISCAL TRANSPARENCY
dc.subjectFISH
dc.subjectFISHERIES
dc.subjectFOOD INSECURITY
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectFORMAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE PROBLEMS
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE REFORMS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT REVENUE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT REVENUES
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPACITY
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT
dc.subjectHUMAN RESOURCE
dc.subjectHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectHUMAN RESOURCES
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINFLATION RATE
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL REFORMS
dc.subjectINTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLAND DEGRADATION
dc.subjectLAND REFORM
dc.subjectLDCS
dc.subjectLESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectLIBERATION
dc.subjectLOCAL COMMUNITIES
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC REFORMS
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC STABILITY
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION
dc.subjectMARKET PRICES
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF FINANCE
dc.subjectMONETARY POLICY
dc.subjectMONEY SUPPLY
dc.subjectNATIONAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectNATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectNATIONAL STATE
dc.subjectNATIONS
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPOLICY CHANGES
dc.subjectPOLITICAL PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
dc.subjectPOWER PLANTS
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM
dc.subjectPUBLIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICE
dc.subjectRECURRENT COSTS
dc.subjectREFERENDUM
dc.subjectREHABILITATION
dc.subjectREPRESENTATIVES
dc.subjectRESEARCH INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectSECTOR POLICY
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectSOCIAL CONDITIONS
dc.subjectSOCIAL CONTEXT
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL INDICATORS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSTATE BUDGETS
dc.subjectSTRUCTURAL REFORMS
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE GROWTH
dc.subjectTASK TEAM LEADER
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectTOTAL REVENUE
dc.subjectTRANSPARENCY
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectWATER SUPPLY
dc.subjectWEALTH
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectWTO MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC REFORM
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL REFORM
dc.subjectCONFLICT AREAS
dc.subjectPOST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectWAR RECOVERY
dc.subjectPUBLIC RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
dc.subjectPEACE BUILDING
dc.subjectPEACE INITIATIVES
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectMONETARY POLICY
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE DEVELOPMENTS
dc.subjectTARIFF REFORMS
dc.subjectDECENTRALIZATION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EXPORTS
dc.subjectLIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL FINANCING
dc.subjectWATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectWOMEN'S PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectSANITATION SERVICES
dc.subjectPOLITICAL PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectWOMEN'S LEGAL STATUS
dc.subjectWOMEN'S EDUCATION
dc.subjectWOMEN'S HEALTH
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE SYSTEMS
dc.subjectINTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE
dc.subjectREFUGEE POLICIES
dc.subjectSOCIAL INEQUALITY
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATES
dc.subjectCIVIL WAR
dc.subjectDEBT RESCHEDULING
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectTRAUMA CARE
dc.subjectVIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
dc.subjectRAPE
dc.subjectLEGAL RIGHTS
dc.subjectMATERNAL MORTALITY
dc.subjectNONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
dc.subjectHUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
dc.titleSudan - Stabilization and Reconstruction : Country Economic Memorandum, Volume 1. Main Texten
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-07T09:05:22.517189Z
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work::Country Economic Memorandum
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/06/2480788/sudan-stabilization-reconstruction-country-economic-memorandum-vol-1-2-main-text
okr.globalpracticeMacroeconomics and Fiscal Management
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.globalpracticeEnvironment and Natural Resources
okr.globalpracticeGovernance
okr.guid440091468777571140
okr.guid472111468782081264
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000094946_03081404004140
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum2480788
okr.identifier.report24620
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2003/08/23/000094946_03081404004140/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.countrySudan
okr.sectorPublic Administration, Law, and Justice :: General public administration sector
okr.sectorEducation :: General education sector
okr.sectorFinance :: General finance sector
okr.sectorIndustry and trade :: General industry and trade sector
okr.topicGovernance::National Governance
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Poverty Assessment
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.topicGovernance::Governance Indicators
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth
okr.topicEnvironment
okr.unitAFT: PREM 2 (AFTP2)
okr.volume1 of 2
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