Publication:
Trade in 'Virtual Carbon' : Empirical Results and Implications for Policy

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dc.contributor.authorAtkinson, Giles
dc.contributor.authorHamilton, Kirk
dc.contributor.authorVan Der Mensbrugghe, Dominique
dc.contributor.authorRuta, Giovanni
dc.date.accessioned2014-09-02T14:57:02Z
dc.date.available2014-09-02T14:57:02Z
dc.date.issued2010-01
dc.description.abstractThe fact that developing countries do not have carbon emission caps under the Kyoto Protocol has led to the current interest in high-income countries in border taxes on the "virtual" carbon content of imports. The authors use Global Trade Analysis Project data and input-output analysis to estimate the flows of virtual carbon implicit in domestic production technologies and the pattern of international trade. The results present striking evidence on the wide variation in the carbon-intensiveness of trade across countries, with major developing countries being large net exporters of virtual carbon. The analysis suggests that tax rates of $50 per ton of virtual carbon could lead to very substantial effective tariff rates on the exports of the most carbon-intensive developing nations.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/11704469/trade-virtual-carbon-empirical-results-implications-policy
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5194
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/19903
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 5194
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABATEMENT
dc.subjectACID
dc.subjectACID RAIN
dc.subjectADJUSTMENT POLICIES
dc.subjectAVERAGE TAX RATES
dc.subjectBALANCE OF PAYMENTS
dc.subjectBILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectCALCULATION
dc.subjectCAPS
dc.subjectCARBON
dc.subjectCARBON BALANCE
dc.subjectCARBON CONTENT
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCARBON EMISSION
dc.subjectCARBON EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCARBON FLOWS
dc.subjectCARBON INTENSITY
dc.subjectCARBON INVENTORIES
dc.subjectCARBON LEAKAGE
dc.subjectCARBON PRICE
dc.subjectCARBON REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectCARBON TAX
dc.subjectCARBON TAXES
dc.subjectCARBONIZATION
dc.subjectCHEMICALS
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE PROBLEM
dc.subjectCLIMATE POLICY
dc.subjectCO
dc.subjectCO2
dc.subjectCOAL
dc.subjectCOST OF ABATEMENT
dc.subjectCRUDE OIL
dc.subjectDAMAGES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC CARBON
dc.subjectDOMESTIC EMISSIONS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRODUCTION
dc.subjectDOMESTIC SOURCES
dc.subjectECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC EFFECTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC IMPACTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC RESEARCH
dc.subjectECONOMIC SECTORS
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectELASTICITIES
dc.subjectELECTRICITY
dc.subjectEMISSION INTENSITIES
dc.subjectEMISSION INTENSITY
dc.subjectEMISSION TRADING
dc.subjectEMISSIONS DATA
dc.subjectEMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURE
dc.subjectEMISSIONS FROM PRODUCTION
dc.subjectEMISSIONS INVENTORIES
dc.subjectEMISSIONS LEAKAGE
dc.subjectEMISSIONS REDUCTION
dc.subjectENERGY GOODS
dc.subjectENERGY POLICY
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL LAW
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectEQUITY CONSIDERATIONS
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectFERROUS METALS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL TRANSFERS
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectFUEL CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectGLOBAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GASES
dc.subjectGROSS NATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectINCENTIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINTERMEDIATE GOODS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLAND-USE CHANGE
dc.subjectLOWER PRICES
dc.titleTrade in 'Virtual Carbon' : Empirical Results and Implications for Policyen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaClimate Change
okr.crossref.titleTrade In 'Virtual Carbon' : Empirical Results And Implications For Policy
okr.date.disclosure2010-01-31
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T11:57:06.455119Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/11704469/trade-virtual-carbon-empirical-results-implications-policy
okr.globalpracticeMacroeconomics and Fiscal Management
okr.globalpracticeEnvironment and Natural Resources
okr.globalpracticeEnergy and Extractives
okr.guid361681468337793529
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5194
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20100127143823
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum11704469
okr.identifier.reportWPS5194
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2010/01/27/000158349_20100127143823/Rendered/PDF/WPS5194.pdfen
okr.sectorAgriculture, fishing, and forestry
okr.sectorEnergy and mining :: General energy sector
okr.sectorWater, sanitation and flood protection
okr.themeEnvironment and natural resources management :: Climate change
okr.themeEnvironment and natural resource management
okr.topicEnvironment::Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Climate Change Economics
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.topicEnvironment::Environment and Energy Efficiency
okr.unitDevelopment Economics Vice Presidency
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication91a6104f-f7e2-4aeb-8e45-54e1da011509
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery91a6104f-f7e2-4aeb-8e45-54e1da011509
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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