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International Trade and Labor Markets: Evidence from the Arab Republic of Egypt

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dc.contributor.authorVergara Bahena, Mexico Alberto
dc.contributor.authorRobertson, Raymond
dc.contributor.authorKokas, Deeksha
dc.contributor.authorLopez-Acevedo, Gladys
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-01T21:35:02Z
dc.date.available2021-06-01T21:35:02Z
dc.date.issued2021-05
dc.description.abstractSince the early 1990s, some developing countries have experienced a coincidence of rising exports—especially those related to global value chains—and improved labor market outcomes. During 2000–10, rising trade was associated with falling poverty and inequality in many developing countries. However, the Arab Republic of Egypt was not one of these countries, although it signed several trade agreements. The lack of trade-related improvements in labor market outcomes—including poverty, inequality, average wage levels, informality, and female labor force participation—could be explained by at least two possibilities. First, it is possible that trade agreements did not produce the same increase in trade for Egypt as for other countries. Second, it is possible that exports do not generate the same kinds of changes in labor market outcomes as experienced in other countries. After presenting the trends in key labor market outcomes over 2000–19, this paper evaluates both hypotheses. Using a gravity model approach, the results suggest that the changes in Egypt’s exports following trade agreements are above internationally estimated averages. Second, the results from a Bartik approach find no significant relationship between rising exports and wages, informality, or female labor force participation. Additional analysis shows that Egypt’s average wage levels are among the highest among countries that export the same goods exported by Egypt, possibly suggesting that Egypt has a relatively weak comparative advantage in currently exported goods, and thus might need to rethink its export basket.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/154431621606334137/International-Trade-and-Labor-Markets-Evidence-from-the-Arab-Republic-of-Egypt
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-9668
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/35629
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 9668
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectGLOBAL VALUE CHAIN
dc.subjectPOVERTY
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFORMALITY
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectEXPORT COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectGRAVITY MODEL
dc.subjectBARTIK APPROACH
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.titleInternational Trade and Labor Marketsen
dc.title.subtitleEvidence from the Arab Republic of Egypten
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleInternational Trade and Labor Markets: Evidence from the Arab Republic of Egypt
okr.date.disclosure2021-05-21
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:37:27.274024Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/154431621606334137/International-Trade-and-Labor-Markets-Evidence-from-the-Arab-Republic-of-Egypt
okr.guid154431621606334137
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-9668
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b088601567_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum33100007
okr.identifier.reportWPS9668
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/154431621606334137/pdf/International-Trade-and-Labor-Markets-Evidence-from-the-Arab-Republic-of-Egypt.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeMiddle East and North Africa
okr.region.countryEgypt, Arab Republic of
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Export Competitiveness
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade Policy
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade and Labor
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Markets
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Wages, Compensation & Benefits
okr.unitPoverty and Equity Global Practice
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