Publication:
Regional, Multilateral, and Unilateral Trade Policies on MERCOSUR for Growth and Poverty Reduction in Brazil

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dc.contributor.authorHarrison, Glenn W.
dc.contributor.authorRutherford, Thomas F.
dc.contributor.authorTarr, David
dc.contributor.authorGurgel, Angelo
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-05T21:58:04Z
dc.date.available2014-05-05T21:58:04Z
dc.date.issued2003-05
dc.description.abstractThe authors estimate that the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA), the EU-MERCOSUR agreement, and multilateral trade policy changes will all be beneficial for Brazil. The Brazilian government strategy of simultaneously negotiating the FTAA and the EU-MERCOSUR agreement, while supporting multilateral liberalization through the Doha Agenda, will increase the benefits of each of these policies. The authors estimate that the poorest households typically gain roughly three to four times the average for Brazil from any of the policies considerethe United States protects its most highly protected markets. Both the FTAA and the EU-MERCOSUR agreements are net trade-creating for the countries involved, but excluded countries almost always lose from the agreements. The authors estimate that multilateral trade liberalization of 50 percent in tariffs and export subsidies results in gains to the world more than four times greater than either the FTAA or the EU-MERCOSUR agreement. This shows the continued importance to the world trading community of the multilateral negotiations.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/05/2360832/regional-multilateral-unilateral-trade-policies-mercosur-growth-poverty-reduction-brazil
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-3051
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/18186
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 3051
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGGREGATE GOODS
dc.subjectAGGREGATE IMPORTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL MARKETS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TRADE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectANDEAN PACT
dc.subjectANTIDUMPING
dc.subjectANTIDUMPING ACTIONS
dc.subjectAPPAREL
dc.subjectAVERAGE TARIFF
dc.subjectAVERAGE TARIFF RATE
dc.subjectAVERAGE TARIFFS
dc.subjectBASE YEAR
dc.subjectBENCHMARK
dc.subjectBORDER PROTECTION
dc.subjectCAPACITY BUILDING
dc.subjectCAPITAL STOCK
dc.subjectCENTRAL BANK
dc.subjectCENTRAL ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectCENTRAL ELASTICITY
dc.subjectCONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCOUNTRY OF DESTINATION
dc.subjectCOUNTRY OF ORIGIN
dc.subjectCUSTOMS
dc.subjectCUSTOMS UNION
dc.subjectDEMAND ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRODUCTION
dc.subjectDYNAMIC BENEFITS
dc.subjectECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES
dc.subjectECONOMIC RESEARCH
dc.subjectELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENDOGENOUS GROWTH
dc.subjectEQUIVALENT VARIATION
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectEXPORT PRICES
dc.subjectEXPORT PROMOTION
dc.subjectEXPORT SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectEXPORT TAX EQUIVALENTS
dc.subjectEXPORT TAXES
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TARIFF
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TARIFFS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TRADE
dc.subjectFACTOR SHARES
dc.subjectFACTORS OF PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFREE ACCESS
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectFREE TRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectFREE TRADE AREA
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGINI COEFFICIENT
dc.subjectGLOBAL COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectGROWTH MODELS
dc.subjectIMPACT OF TRADE
dc.subjectIMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectIMPORT TARIFFS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINCOME MEASURES
dc.subjectINPUT-OUTPUT TABLES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLOW TARIFFS
dc.subjectMARKET POWER
dc.subjectMEMBER COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMETAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectNON-TARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectOPEN ECONOMY
dc.subjectOPEN TRADE
dc.subjectOPEN TRADE REGIME
dc.subjectPARTNER COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPARTNER COUNTRY
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL MARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TARIFF
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADE
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADING
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectPRIMARY FACTORS
dc.subjectPRIMARY FACTORS OF PRODUCTION
dc.subjectPRODUCT CATEGORIES
dc.subjectPRODUCTION FUNCTIONS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROTECTION DATA
dc.subjectPROTECTION ESTIMATES
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectRATES OF PROTECTION
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectREAL INCOME
dc.subjectREAL WAGE RATES
dc.subjectREGIONAL ARRANGEMENT
dc.subjectREGIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectREGIONAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectSTATIC EFFECTS
dc.subjectTARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectTARIFF CUT
dc.subjectTARIFF CUTS
dc.subjectTARIFF DATA
dc.subjectTARIFF EQUIVALENTS
dc.subjectTARIFF LEVELS
dc.subjectTARIFF LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTARIFF LINES
dc.subjectTARIFF PROTECTION
dc.subjectTARIFF RATE
dc.subjectTARIFF RATES
dc.subjectTARIFF REVENUE
dc.subjectTARIFF SCHEDULES
dc.subjectTECHNICAL CHANGE
dc.subjectTHEORETICAL MODELS
dc.subjectTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectTRADE
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectTRADE CREATION
dc.subjectTRADE DATA
dc.subjectTRADE DIVERSION
dc.subjectTRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY OPTIONS
dc.subjectTRADE REFORMS
dc.subjectTRADING PARTNER
dc.subjectTRADING PARTNERS
dc.subjectTRANSFORMATION BETWEEN EXPORTS
dc.subjectUNIFORM TARIFFS
dc.subjectUNILATERAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectUNILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectUNILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectUNILATERAL TRADE POLICY
dc.subjectUNSKILLED LABOR
dc.subjectURUGUAY ROUND
dc.subjectUTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subjectUTILITY FUNCTIONS
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED
dc.subjectVALUE-ADDED TAXES
dc.subjectWAGE RATE
dc.subjectWAGE RATES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWELFARE EFFECTS
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectWELFARE IMPACTS
dc.subjectWORLD MARKETS
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectWTO
dc.subjectZERO TARIFFS REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE INTEGRATION
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectMERCOSUR
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
dc.subjectOUTPUTS
dc.subjectPRICE DISTORTIONS
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED TAXES
dc.subjectEXPORT SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectEXPORT TAXES
dc.subjectMULTIFIBER ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE SURVEYS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectFREE TRADE & PROTECTION
dc.subjectEUROPEAN UNION
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectZERO TARIFFS
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.titleRegional, Multilateral, and Unilateral Trade Policies on MERCOSUR for Growth and Poverty Reduction in Brazilen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleRegional, Multilateral, and Unilateral Trade Policies of MERCOSUR for Growth and Poverty Reduction in Brazil
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T09:29:35.962717Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/05/2360832/regional-multilateral-unilateral-trade-policies-mercosur-growth-poverty-reduction-brazil
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.guid669991468756998682
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-3051
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000094946_03052804040643
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum2360832
okr.identifier.reportWPS3051
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2003/06/06/000094946_03052804040643/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeLatin America & Caribbean
okr.region.countryBrazil
okr.region.geographicalSouth America
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade and Regional Integration
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Free Trade
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade Policy
okr.topicPayment Systems and Infrastructure
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Rules of Origin
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.unitOff of Sr VP Dev Econ/Chief Econ (DECVP)
okr.volume1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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