Publication:
Shaping Future GATS Rules for Trade in Services

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dc.contributor.authorMattoo, Aaditya
dc.date.accessioned2014-08-26T15:05:52Z
dc.date.available2014-08-26T15:05:52Z
dc.date.issued2001-04
dc.description.abstractThe new round of negotiations has begun with a mechanical sense of "since we said we would, therefore we must," says the author. To make the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) more effective ay liberalization, the author suggests improving the agreement's rules, countries' specific commitments, and the negotiating methodology: 1) Wasteful regulations, and entry restrictions pervade trade in services. Unlike the GATT, the GATS has created no hierarchy of instruments of protection. It may be possible to create a legal presumption in favor of instruments (such as fiscal measures) that provide protection more efficiently. 2) Many countries have taken advantage of the GATS to create a more secure trading environment, by making legally binding commitments to market access. The credibility of reform would increase with wider commitments to maintain current levels of openness, or to increase access in the future. 3) Multilateral rules on domestic regulations can help promote, and consolidate domestic regulatory reform, even when the rules are designed primarily to prevent the erosion of market access for foreign providers. The pro-competitive principles developed for basic communications, could be extended to other network-based services sectors, such as transport (terminals and infrastructure), and energy services (distribution networks). The "necessity test" instituted for accounting services, could be applied to instruments in other sectors (so that doctors judged competent in one jurisdiction, wouldn't have to be retrained for another, for example). 4) Anticompetitive practices that fall outside the jurisdiction of national competition law, may be important in such sectors as maritime, air transport, and communications services. Strengthened multilateral rules are needed to reassure small countries with weak enforcement capacity, that the gains from liberalization will not be appropriated by international cartels. 5) Explicit departures from the most-favored-nation rule matter most in such sectors as maritime transport, audiovisual services, and air transport services - which have been excluded from key GATS disciplines. Implicit discrimination can be prevented by developing rules to ensure the non-discriminatory allocation of quotas, and maintaining the desirable openness of the GATS provision on mutual recognition agreements. 6) Reciprocity must play a greater role in negotiations, if the GATS is to advance liberalization beyond measures taken independently.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/04/1121245/shaping-future-gats-rules-trade-services
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2596
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/19667
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 2596
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGREEMENT ON TRADE
dc.subjectALTERNATIVE INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectANTI- COMPETITIVE PRACTICES
dc.subjectANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICES
dc.subjectANTITRUST LAW
dc.subjectASYMMETRIC INFORMATION
dc.subjectBARRIERS TO ENTRY
dc.subjectBILATERAL AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectCAPITAL CONSTRAINT
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANKS
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL PRESENCE
dc.subjectCOMMUNICATION SERVICES
dc.subjectCOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES
dc.subjectCOMPETITION LAW
dc.subjectCOMPETITION PRINCIPLES
dc.subjectCOMPETITION RULES
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE AUCTIONS
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE DISADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE PRACTICES
dc.subjectCOMPLETE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectCONSUMER SURPLUS
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCROSS-BORDER DELIVERY
dc.subjectCROSS-BORDER TRADE
dc.subjectDIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTION NETWORKS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC FIRMS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC INDUSTRY
dc.subjectDOMESTIC LAW
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET STRUCTURE
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MEASURES
dc.subjectDOMESTIC REGULATIONS
dc.subjectDYNAMIC INEFFICIENCIES
dc.subjectECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC CASE
dc.subjectECONOMIC POINT OF VIEW
dc.subjectECONOMIC RESEARCH
dc.subjectECONOMIC THEORY
dc.subjectENERGY SERVICES
dc.subjectENHANCED COMPETITION
dc.subjectENTRY BARRIERS
dc.subjectENTRY RESTRICTIONS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES TRANSPORT
dc.subjectFAVOURABLE ACCESS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFOREIGN CAPITAL
dc.subjectFOREIGN COMPANY
dc.subjectFOREIGN COSTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN ENTRY
dc.subjectFOREIGN EQUITY
dc.subjectFOREIGN EQUITY PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXPORTERS
dc.subjectFOREIGN FIRMS
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTORS
dc.subjectFOREIGN MARKETS
dc.subjectFOREIGN OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectFOREIGN PROVIDERS
dc.subjectFOREIGN SERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectFOREIGN SERVICE SUPPLIERS
dc.subjectFOREIGN SERVICES
dc.subjectFOREIGN SUPPLIERS
dc.subjectFOREIGN TRADE
dc.subjectGATS
dc.subjectGATS RULES
dc.subjectGLOBAL WELFARE
dc.subjectHEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectIMMUNITY
dc.subjectINCUMBENT SUPPLIERS
dc.subjectINFANT INDUSTRY POLICIES
dc.subjectINFANT INDUSTRY TYPE
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINSURANCE COMPANIES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL CARTELS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT PESSIMISM
dc.subjectLIBERALIZATION PROGRAMMES
dc.subjectLIBERALIZING INTENT
dc.subjectLIBERALIZING TRADE
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS COMMITMENTS
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURE
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMARKET STRUCTURE
dc.subjectMAXIMUM EQUITY PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectMFN
dc.subjectMFN EXEMPTIONS
dc.subjectMONOPOLISTIC SUPPLIERS
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL AGREEMENT
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL APPROACH
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL DISCIPLINES
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL RULES
dc.subjectMUTUAL RECOGNITION
dc.subjectNATIONAL COMPETITION
dc.subjectNATIONAL COMPETITION LAW
dc.subjectNATIONAL COMPETITION POLICY
dc.subjectNATIONAL PRODUCERS
dc.subjectNATIONAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectNATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY
dc.subjectNATIONAL SUPPLIERS
dc.subjectNATIONAL TREATMENT
dc.subjectNATIONAL TREATMENT OBLIGATION
dc.subjectNATURAL MONOPOLY
dc.subjectNATURAL PERSONS
dc.subjectNEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectNON-DISCRIMINATORY MEASURES
dc.subjectNON-ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES
dc.subjectOLIGOPOLISTIC RENTS
dc.subjectOLIGOPOLY
dc.subjectOLIGOPOLY RENTS
dc.subjectOLIGOPOLY RIGHTS
dc.subjectOPENNESS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPRICE STABILITY
dc.subjectPRIVATE COSTS
dc.subjectPROFIT TAXATION
dc.subjectPRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS
dc.subjectQUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
dc.subjectQUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS
dc.subjectQUOTAS
dc.subjectRECIPROCITY
dc.subjectRECOGNITION AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectREGULATORY BARRIERS
dc.subjectREGULATORY CHALLENGES
dc.subjectREGULATORY FAILURE
dc.subjectREGULATORY FREEDOM
dc.subjectREGULATORY PRINCIPLES
dc.subjectREGULATORY REFORM
dc.subjectRELEVANT GATS PROVISION
dc.subjectRENT APPROPRIATION
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSERVICE-PROVIDING PERSONNEL
dc.subjectSERVICES LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectSERVICES NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectSERVICES OPERATIONS
dc.subjectSERVICES SECTORS
dc.subjectSERVICES TRADE
dc.subjectSERVICES TRANSACTIONS
dc.subjectSOCIAL OBJECTIVES
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROBLEMS
dc.subjectSOCIAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectSTATE ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSTATE MONOPOLIES
dc.subjectTARIFF REVENUE
dc.subjectTARIFF-LIKE EFFECT
dc.subjectTECHNICAL STANDARDS
dc.subjectTELECOM MONOPOLIES
dc.subjectTELECOM NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTELECOM SECTOR
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATIONS
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTOR
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES
dc.subjectTRADE
dc.subjectTRADE IN SERVICES
dc.subjectTRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE PROBLEMS
dc.subjectTRADE RESTRICTIONS
dc.subjectTRADE-INHIBITING EFFECT
dc.subjectTRADE-RESTRICTIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectTRADING PARTNERS
dc.subjectTRANSFER TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectTRANSPORT COSTS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SERVICES
dc.subjectUNILATERAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectUNIVERSAL SERVICE
dc.subjectUNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATIONS
dc.subjectURUGUAY ROUND
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.titleShaping Future GATS Rules for Trade in Servicesen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleShaping Future GATS Rules for Trade in Services
okr.date.disclosure2001-04-30
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T09:29:34.978108Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/04/1121245/shaping-future-gats-rules-trade-services
okr.globalpracticeTransport and ICT
okr.globalpracticeGovernance
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.guid799191468740696734
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2596
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000094946_01052404350414
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum1121245
okr.identifier.reportWPS2596
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2001/06/08/000094946_01052404350414/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdfen
okr.themeEconomic management
okr.themeTrade and integration
okr.topicPublic Sector Development::Decentralization
okr.topicInformation and Communication Technologies::ICT Policy and Strategies
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Free Trade
okr.topicPayment Systems and Infrastructure
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade and Services
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.unitTrade, Development Research Group
okr.volume1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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