Publication: Extended Producer Responsibility: For Advancing Circular Economies for Plastics in Bangladesh
Loading...
Date
2025-01-03
ISSN
Published
2025-01-03
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
Rapid economic development and population growth in Bangladesh have fostered significant advancements and opportunities for its citizens. Alongside these positive changes, however, there has been a notable increase in per capita plastic consumption, leading to a pressing need for effective plastic waste management. Recognizing this challenge, the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC) of Bangladesh took a proactive step in 2021 by endorsing the action plan for sustainable plastic waste management. This plan aims to establish a circular economy for plastics, ensuring that resources are used more efficiently and sustainably. Extended producer responsibility (EPR) shifts responsibility from municipalities to producers and fosters product design, management, and recycling, offering a multi-faceted array of economic, environmental, social, and technological benefits. It has been found that material streams of packaging, electronics, tires, vehicles, and batteries are popularly brought under EPR. This study on EPR assumes paramount significance for Bangladesh. The Government of Bangladesh recognizes the critical need for a well-designed waste management policy and is in the process of recalibrating its waste management policies to create a more robust and environmentally conscious framework. This report examines case studies from Brazil, India, the Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, South Africa, and Viet Nam to understand their successful strategies, material streams, legal frameworks, stakeholder roles, implementation models, and compliance mechanisms. By assimilating global best practices and success stories from various EPR implementations, Bangladesh can enhance its policy frameworks, adapting them to its unique social, economic, and technological context.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2025. Extended Producer Responsibility: For Advancing Circular Economies for Plastics in Bangladesh. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/42606 License: CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO.”
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication The Role of Extended Producer Responsibility Schemes for Packaging towards Circular Economies in APEC(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022-01)The enormous amount of plastic waste – especially litter from plastic packaging – that leaks into the natural environment each year is a global concern with severe environmental consequences, particularly for marine life and human health. Limitations in waste collection and waste treatment systems exacerbate the issue. Ensuring proper collection and management of plastic packaging waste is critical for building a reuse and recycling system that enables a circular economy (CE). However, despite the efforts of APEC members, the recycling rate of post-consumption plasticpackaging remains relatively low in most APEC member economies. This report combines lessons learned from global case studies with insights from APEC membersto outline a series of recommendations for accelerating EPR implementation and operationalization in APEC member economies.Publication Solid Waste Management in Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, and Romania : A Cross-Country Analysis of Sector Challenges Towards EU Harmonization(World Bank, 2011-04-01)The European Union (EU) sets the policy framework for municipal solid waste management that drives reform initiatives in new EU member states and candidate countries. The EU policies, implementation targets, and grant funding establish the enabling environment that transforms the solid waste management sector in Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, and Romania. The EU directives guide member states towards agreed targets without prescribing in detail how specific measures should be implemented. Various directives establish the legal framework for solid waste management; provide specifics, and an implementation timetable: these include the waste framework directive, the landfill directive, and the waste incineration directive. This study analyzes progress in Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, and Romania; and identifies important shortcomings towards meeting the requirements of the EU acquis communautaire. All four countries have had access to large amounts of assistance from EU programs and European financial institutions, which for the most part remain unspent. The study identifies strengths and weaknesses in the national institutional arrangements; scrutinizes sector economics and financing, including how current incentive mechanisms affect the medium-to long-term sector financial sustainability; and finally, extracts lessons learned on how to address key issues and optimize sector performance.Publication Market Study for Vietnam(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-09-28)Vietnam's public and private sector stakeholders are increasingly active in addressing plastics waste. The Vietnam Government has set ambitious national plastics waste management goals to combat the economic and environmental consequences of mismanaged plastics waste nationally. This study uses a plastics value chain approach to evaluate Vietnam’s plastics recycling industry and its role in supporting a circular economy.Publication Market Study for Malaysia(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-03-22)Plastics are an integral and important part of the global and Malaysian economy. Since the 1950’s, the use of plastic products globally has expanded twenty-fold, reaching 360 million tons in 2018 due to their low cost, various functional properties, durability and wide range of applications. In Malaysia, the plastic industry contributed RM 30.98 billion (USD 7.23 billion) to the national economy, representing 4.7% of Malaysia’s GDP, in 2018. Mismanaged plastic waste has growing economic and environmental consequences. Malaysia is playing an active role at the regional level and setting ambitious national goals. This study addresses a critical need for a market assessment of the plastics value chain in Malaysia.Publication Market Study for the Philippines(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-03-22)Mismanaged plastic waste has growing economic and environmental consequences. USD 80-120 billion worth of plastic packaging is lost from the global economy each year due to lack of recycling and suboptimal value creation where recycling exists. Globally, 4.8 to 12.7 million tonnes of plastic leak into our oceans each year with Asia contributing to over 80 percent of this marine leakage. The Philippines is the third largest contributor with an estimated 0.75 million metric tons of mismanaged plastic entering the ocean every year. This has led to an increased awareness towards plastic waste management, bringing the topic of plastic pollution to the forefront of consumer consciousness in the Philippines. To address the challenge of plastic waste management, the Philippines is currently developing new strategies. The National Plan of Action on Marine Litter, under development by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) with support of UNDP Philippines, is currently being finalized. The plan recognizes the need for more concerted and unified efforts from various stakeholders to tackle the problem of marine litter. The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) published The Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2017-2022 targeting a national waste diversion rate of 80 percent by 2022. This will be primarily achieved through the enforcement of the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act RA9003—an integrated solid waste management plan based on the 3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle). Furthermore, in 2019, NEDA published the Philippine Action Plan for Sustainable Consumption and Production (PAP4SCP) to improve waste management and plastic circularity. This study addresses the critical need for a private sector focused market assessment of plastics recycling in the Philippines. Reuse, refill and new delivery model aspects of a circular economy for plastics are evaluated, but the primary focus of the study is plastic recycling, where scalable private sector investment solutions are greatest.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication World Development Report 2006(Washington, DC, 2005)This year’s Word Development Report (WDR), the twenty-eighth, looks at the role of equity in the development process. It defines equity in terms of two basic principles. The first is equal opportunities: that a person’s chances in life should be determined by his or her talents and efforts, rather than by pre-determined circumstances such as race, gender, social or family background. The second principle is the avoidance of extreme deprivation in outcomes, particularly in health, education and consumption levels. This principle thus includes the objective of poverty reduction. The report’s main message is that, in the long run, the pursuit of equity and the pursuit of economic prosperity are complementary. In addition to detailed chapters exploring these and related issues, the Report contains selected data from the World Development Indicators 2005‹an appendix of economic and social data for over 200 countries. This Report offers practical insights for policymakers, executives, scholars, and all those with an interest in economic development.Publication Classroom Assessment to Support Foundational Literacy(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-03-21)This document focuses primarily on how classroom assessment activities can measure students’ literacy skills as they progress along a learning trajectory towards reading fluently and with comprehension by the end of primary school grades. The document addresses considerations regarding the design and implementation of early grade reading classroom assessment, provides examples of assessment activities from a variety of countries and contexts, and discusses the importance of incorporating classroom assessment practices into teacher training and professional development opportunities for teachers. The structure of the document is as follows. The first section presents definitions and addresses basic questions on classroom assessment. Section 2 covers the intersection between assessment and early grade reading by discussing how learning assessment can measure early grade reading skills following the reading learning trajectory. Section 3 compares some of the most common early grade literacy assessment tools with respect to the early grade reading skills and developmental phases. Section 4 of the document addresses teacher training considerations in developing, scoring, and using early grade reading assessment. Additional issues in assessing reading skills in the classroom and using assessment results to improve teaching and learning are reviewed in section 5. Throughout the document, country cases are presented to demonstrate how assessment activities can be implemented in the classroom in different contexts.Publication The Journey Ahead(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-31)The Journey Ahead: Supporting Successful Migration in Europe and Central Asia provides an in-depth analysis of international migration in Europe and Central Asia (ECA) and the implications for policy making. By identifying challenges and opportunities associated with migration in the region, it aims to inform a more nuanced, evidencebased debate on the costs and benefits of cross-border mobility. Using data-driven insights and new analysis, the report shows that migration has been an engine of prosperity and has helped address some of ECA’s demographic and socioeconomic disparities. Yet, migration’s full economic potential remains untapped. The report identifies multiple barriers keeping migration from achieving its full potential. Crucially, it argues that policies in both origin and destination countries can help maximize the development impacts of migration and effectively manage the economic, social, and political costs. Drawing from a wide range of literature, country experiences, and novel analysis, The Journey Ahead presents actionable policy options to enhance the benefits of migration for destination and origin countries and migrants themselves. Some measures can be taken unilaterally by countries, whereas others require close bilateral or regional coordination. The recommendations are tailored to different types of migration— forced displacement as well as high-skilled and low-skilled economic migration—and from the perspectives of both sending and receiving countries. This report serves as a comprehensive resource for governments, development partners, and other stakeholders throughout Europe and Central Asia, where the richness and diversity of migration experiences provide valuable insights for policy makers in other regions of the world.Publication Argentina Country Climate and Development Report(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022-11)The Argentina Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) explores opportunities and identifies trade-offs for aligning Argentina’s growth and poverty reduction policies with its commitments on, and its ability to withstand, climate change. It assesses how the country can: reduce its vulnerability to climate shocks through targeted public and private investments and adequation of social protection. The report also shows how Argentina can seize the benefits of a global decarbonization path to sustain a more robust economic growth through further development of Argentina’s potential for renewable energy, energy efficiency actions, the lithium value chain, as well as climate-smart agriculture (and land use) options. Given Argentina’s context, this CCDR focuses on win-win policies and investments, which have large co-benefits or can contribute to raising the country’s growth while helping to adapt the economy, also considering how human capital actions can accompany a just transition.Publication Lebanon Economic Monitor, Fall 2022(Washington, DC, 2022-11)The economy continues to contract, albeit at a somewhat slower pace. Public finances improved in 2021, but only because spending collapsed faster than revenue generation. Testament to the continued atrophy of Lebanon’s economy, the Lebanese Pound continues to depreciate sharply. The sharp deterioration in the currency continues to drive surging inflation, in triple digits since July 2020, impacting the poor and vulnerable the most. An unprecedented institutional vacuum will likely further delay any agreement on crisis resolution and much needed reforms; this includes prior actions as part of the April 2022 International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff-level agreement (SLA). Divergent views among key stakeholders on how to distribute the financial losses remains the main bottleneck for reaching an agreement on a comprehensive reform agenda. Lebanon needs to urgently adopt a domestic, equitable, and comprehensive solution that is predicated on: (i) addressing upfront the balance sheet impairments, (ii) restoring liquidity, and (iii) adhering to sound global practices of bail-in solutions based on a hierarchy of creditors (starting with banks’ shareholders) that protects small depositors.