Publication:
Climate Change and Sea Level Rise : A Review of the Scientific Evidence

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dc.contributor.authorDasgupta, Susmita
dc.contributor.authorMeisner, Craig
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-22T17:07:26Z
dc.date.available2014-05-22T17:07:26Z
dc.date.issued2009-05
dc.description.abstractSea-level rise (SLR) due to climate change is a serious global threat: the scientific evidence is now overwhelming. The rate of global sea level rise was faster from 1993 to 2003, about 3.1 mm per year, as compared to the average rate of 1.8 mm per year from 1961 to 2003 (IPCC, 2007); and significantly higher than the average rate of 0.1 to 0.2 mm/yr increase recorded by geological data over the last 3,000 years. Anthropogenic warming and SLR will continue for centuries due to the time scales associated with climate processes and feedbacks, even if greenhouse gas concentrations were to be stabilized. This paper reviews the scientific literature to date on climate change and sea level rise. There appears to be a consensus across studies that global sea level is projected to rise during the 21st century at a greater rate than during the period 1961 to 2003 and unanimous agreement that SLR will not be geographically uniform. Ocean thermal expansion is projected to contribute significantly, and land ice will increasingly lose mass at an accelerated rate. But most controversial are the mass balance loss estimates of the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets and what the yet un-quantified dynamic processes will imply in terms of SLR. Recent evidence on the vulnerability of Greenland and west Antarctic ice sheets to climate warming raises the alarming possibility of SLR by one meter or more by the end of the 21st century.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/05/10567848/climate-change-sea-level-rise-review-scientific-evidence-climate-change-sea-level-rise-review-scientific-evidence
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/18382
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/18382
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesEnvironment department papers;no. 118. Climate change series
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABLATION
dc.subjectAEROSOL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectALBEDO
dc.subjectALTITUDE
dc.subjectAMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS
dc.subjectANTARCTIC TEMPERATURES
dc.subjectANTARCTICA
dc.subjectANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS
dc.subjectARCTIC CLIMATE
dc.subjectARCTIC GLACIERS
dc.subjectATLANTIC OCEAN
dc.subjectATMOSPHERE
dc.subjectATMOSPHEREOCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION
dc.subjectATMOSPHERIC CLIMATE
dc.subjectATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS
dc.subjectBAY
dc.subjectBRIGHTNESS
dc.subjectBRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE
dc.subjectCALCULATION
dc.subjectCALVING
dc.subjectCARBON
dc.subjectCARBON CYCLE
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON MONOXIDE
dc.subjectCH4
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE CONSEQUENCES
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE FORECASTS
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS
dc.subjectCLIMATE DYNAMICS
dc.subjectCLIMATE INFORMATION
dc.subjectCLIMATE MODEL
dc.subjectCLIMATE MODELERS
dc.subjectCLIMATE MODELING
dc.subjectCLIMATE MODELLING
dc.subjectCLIMATE MODELS
dc.subjectCLIMATE OBSERVATIONS
dc.subjectCLIMATE PROJECTIONS
dc.subjectCLIMATE RESPONSE
dc.subjectCLIMATE SIMULATIONS
dc.subjectCLIMATE SYSTEM
dc.subjectCLIMATE WARMING
dc.subjectCLIMATE-CHANGE
dc.subjectCLIMATIC INFORMATION
dc.subjectCLIMATIC REGIMES
dc.subjectCLIMATOLOGY
dc.subjectCLOUD COVER
dc.subjectCLOUDS
dc.subjectCO2
dc.subjectCOAST
dc.subjectCOASTAL AREAS
dc.subjectCOASTAL HABITATS
dc.subjectCOASTAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectCOASTAL REGIONS
dc.subjectCOASTAL ZONE
dc.subjectCONTINENTAL-SCALE CLIMATE
dc.subjectCONVERGENCE
dc.subjectCRYOSPHERE
dc.subjectCYCLONES
dc.subjectDEEP OCEAN
dc.subjectDRAINAGE
dc.subjectDRAINAGE BASIN
dc.subjectDRAINAGE SYSTEM
dc.subjectEARTH
dc.subjectEARTHS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECOSYSTEMS
dc.subjectEMISSION
dc.subjectEMISSION SCENARIOS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS INTENSITY
dc.subjectEMISSIONS SCENARIOS
dc.subjectENERGY BALANCE
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
dc.subjectEROSION
dc.subjectEXTREME CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectFRESHWATER
dc.subjectFROST
dc.subjectGCM
dc.subjectGEODESY
dc.subjectGEOGRAPHY
dc.subjectGEOLOGICAL DATA
dc.subjectGEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH
dc.subjectGEOPHYSICS
dc.subjectGHG
dc.subjectGIS
dc.subjectGLACIAL MELT
dc.subjectGLACIER AREA
dc.subjectGLACIERS
dc.subjectGLACIOLOGY
dc.subjectGLOBAL AVERAGE TEMPERATURE
dc.subjectGLOBAL AVERAGE TEMPERATURE CHANGE
dc.subjectGLOBAL CLIMATE
dc.subjectGLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL
dc.subjectGLOBAL MEAN SURFACE TEMPERATURE
dc.subjectGLOBAL MEAN TEMPERATURE
dc.subjectGLOBAL SURFACE TEMPERATURE
dc.subjectGLOBAL TEMPERATURE
dc.subjectGLOBAL TEMPERATURE CHANGE
dc.subjectGLOBAL WARMING
dc.subjectGRAVIMETRY
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GAS
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GAS CONCENTRATIONS
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GASES
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE WARMING
dc.subjectGROUND ICE
dc.subjectHEATING
dc.subjectHFCS
dc.subjectHUMAN ACTIVITY
dc.subjectHYDROCHLOROFLUOROCARBONS
dc.subjectHYDROFLUOROCARBONS
dc.subjectHYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES
dc.subjectICE
dc.subjectICE AGE
dc.subjectICE CAP
dc.subjectICE CAPS
dc.subjectICE CORES
dc.subjectICE COVER
dc.subjectICE DENSITY
dc.subjectICE DISCHARGE
dc.subjectICE DYNAMICS
dc.subjectICE EXTENT
dc.subjectICE FIELDS
dc.subjectICE MASS
dc.subjectICE MASSES
dc.subjectICE SHEET
dc.subjectICE SHEET MODEL
dc.subjectICE SHEETS
dc.subjectICE SHELF
dc.subjectICE SHELVES
dc.subjectICE STREAM
dc.subjectICE STREAMS
dc.subjectICE THICKNESS
dc.subjectICE TYPES
dc.subjectICE VELOCITY
dc.subjectICE VOLUME
dc.subjectICE-ALBEDO FEEDBACK
dc.subjectICE-CORE
dc.subjectICE-SHEET
dc.subjectICEBERGS
dc.subjectIMAGES
dc.subjectIMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectINTERPOLATION
dc.subjectINUNDATION
dc.subjectIPCC
dc.subjectLAKES
dc.subjectLAND AREA
dc.subjectLAND ELEVATION
dc.subjectLAND SURFACE
dc.subjectLATITUDE
dc.subjectMAPPING
dc.subjectMELTING
dc.subjectMETEOROLOGICAL STATIONS
dc.subjectMETHANE
dc.subjectMICROWAVE
dc.subjectMOUNTAIN GLACIERS
dc.subjectN2O
dc.subjectNITROGEN
dc.subjectNITROGEN OXIDES
dc.subjectNITROUS OXIDE
dc.subjectNORTHERN CANADA
dc.subjectNOX
dc.subjectOCEAN HEAT
dc.subjectOCEAN PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectOCEAN TEMPERATURES
dc.subjectOCEANS
dc.subjectPERFLUOROCARBONS
dc.subjectPERMAFROST
dc.subjectPFCS
dc.subjectPLATEAU
dc.subjectPOINT
dc.subjectPOLAR ICE
dc.subjectPOLAR REGIONS
dc.subjectPP
dc.subjectPRECIPITATION
dc.subjectPRESERVATION
dc.subjectRADAR
dc.subjectRAINFALL
dc.subjectRANGES
dc.subjectREGIONAL CLIMATE
dc.subjectRESERVOIRS
dc.subjectSALINITY
dc.subjectSALTWATER INTRUSION
dc.subjectSATELLITE DATA
dc.subjectSATELLITE IMAGERY
dc.subjectSATELLITE IMAGES
dc.subjectSCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE
dc.subjectSCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING
dc.subjectSEA
dc.subjectSEA ICE
dc.subjectSEA LEVEL RISE
dc.subjectSEA WATER
dc.subjectSEA-LEVEL
dc.subjectSEA-LEVEL RISE
dc.subjectSEAS
dc.subjectSEASONAL TEMPERATURE
dc.subjectSEAWATER
dc.subjectSEVERE WEATHER
dc.subjectSF6
dc.subjectSNOW
dc.subjectSNOW ACCUMULATION
dc.subjectSNOW COVER
dc.subjectSNOW DEPTH
dc.subjectSNOW MELT
dc.subjectSNOW PACK
dc.subjectSNOW WATER EQUIVALENT
dc.subjectSNOWFALL
dc.subjectSNOWMELT
dc.subjectSO2
dc.subjectSOUTHERN HEMISPHERE
dc.subjectSPECIES
dc.subjectSPRING
dc.subjectSTORM SURGE
dc.subjectSTORM SURGES
dc.subjectSUBLIMATION
dc.subjectSULFUR
dc.subjectSULFUR DIOXIDE
dc.subjectSULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE
dc.subjectSURFACE AREA
dc.subjectSURFACE ELEVATION
dc.subjectSURFACE MELT
dc.subjectSURFACE PROCESSES
dc.subjectSURFACE RUNOFF
dc.subjectSURFACE TEMPERATURE
dc.subjectSURFACE TEMPERATURES
dc.subjectSURGE FLOODING
dc.subjectSURGE HEIGHT
dc.subjectSURVEY AREA
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE CHANGES
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE INCREASES
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE RISE
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE VARIATION
dc.subjectTEMPORAL CHANGES
dc.subjectTEMPORAL VARIABILITY
dc.subjectTEMPORAL VARIATIONS
dc.subjectTRACE GASES
dc.subjectTROPICAL CYCLONES
dc.subjectVALUE OF CLIMATE SENSITIVITY
dc.subjectVOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
dc.subjectWARMER CLIMATE
dc.subjectWARMING CLIMATE
dc.subjectWATER RUNOFF
dc.subjectWATER TEMPERATURES
dc.subjectWEST
dc.subjectWETLAND
dc.subjectWETLAND LOSS
dc.subjectWIND
dc.subjectWIND SPEEDS
dc.titleClimate Change and Sea Level Rise : A Review of the Scientific Evidenceen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaClimate Change
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-28T07:13:59.067499Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/05/10567848/climate-change-sea-level-rise-review-scientific-evidence-climate-change-sea-level-rise-review-scientific-evidence
okr.globalpracticeTransport and ICT
okr.globalpracticeEnvironment and Natural Resources
okr.globalpracticeWater
okr.guid460031468313549525
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000333038_20090518032108
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum10567848
okr.identifier.report48525
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2009/05/18/000333038_20090518032108/Rendered/PDF/485250REPLACEM1Change0and0Sea0Level.pdfen
okr.topicScience and Technology Development::Science of Climate Change
okr.topicWater Resources::Water Resources Assessment
okr.topicEnvironment::Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases
okr.topicEarth Sciences and GIS
okr.topicWater Resources::Wetlands
okr.unitSustainable Devmt Sector Unit (ECSSD)
okr.volume1 of 1
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