Publication:
Access to Financial Services : A Review of the Issues and Public Policy Objectives

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dc.contributor.authorClaessens, Stijn
dc.date.accessioned2013-12-20T18:17:14Z
dc.date.available2013-12-20T18:17:14Z
dc.date.issued2006-08-02
dc.description.abstractThis article reviews the evidence on the importance of finance for economic well-being. It provides data on the use of basic financial services by households and firms across a sample of countries, assesses the desirability of universal access, and provides an overview of the macroeconomic, legal, and regulatory obstacles to access. Despite the benefits of finance, the data show that use of financial services is far from universal in many countries, especially developing countries. Universal access to financial services has not been a public policy objective in most countries and would likely be difficult to achieve. Countries can, however, facilitate access to financial services by strengthening institutional infrastructure, liberalizing markets and facilitating greater competition, and encouraging innovative use of know-how and technology. Government interventions to directly broaden access to finance, however, are costly and fraught with risks, among others the risk of missing the targeted groups. The article concludes with recommendations for global actions aimed at improving data on access and use and suggestions on areas of further analysis to identify constraints to broadening access.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/08/17591351/access-financial-services-review-issues-public-policy-objectives
dc.identifier.citationWorld Bank Research Observer
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/16428
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1093/wbro/lkl004
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/16428
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherOxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesWorld Bank Research Observer
dc.rightsCC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABSENCE OF CREDIT
dc.subjectACCESS BARRIERS
dc.subjectACCESS TO BANK ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectACCESS TO CREDIT
dc.subjectACCESS TO FINANCE
dc.subjectACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectACCESS TO FINANCING
dc.subjectACCESS TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
dc.subjectACCESS TO PAYMENTS
dc.subjectACCOUNT OWNERS
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE BURDENS
dc.subjectADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL BANK
dc.subjectBAD CREDIT
dc.subjectBANK ACCESS
dc.subjectBANK ACCOUNT
dc.subjectBANK BRANCH
dc.subjectBANK SERVICES
dc.subjectBANKING CRISES
dc.subjectBANKING RELATIONSHIP
dc.subjectBANKING SERVICES
dc.subjectBANKING SYSTEM
dc.subjectBANKING SYSTEMS
dc.subjectBANKS
dc.subjectBARRIERS TO GROWTH
dc.subjectBARTER
dc.subjectBENEFITS OF ACCESS
dc.subjectBORROWER
dc.subjectBORROWING
dc.subjectCAPITAL ADEQUACY
dc.subjectCAPITAL MARKETS
dc.subjectCAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
dc.subjectCHAMBERS OF COMMERCE
dc.subjectCOLLATERAL
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANK
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANKS
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY REINVESTMENT
dc.subjectCONSUMER CREDIT
dc.subjectCONSUMER FINANCE
dc.subjectCOOPERATIVES
dc.subjectCREDIT ACCESS
dc.subjectCREDIT ANALYSIS
dc.subjectCREDIT ASSOCIATIONS
dc.subjectCREDIT BUREAU
dc.subjectCREDIT BUREAUS
dc.subjectCREDIT CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectCREDIT EXTENSION
dc.subjectCREDIT HISTORY
dc.subjectCREDIT INFORMATION
dc.subjectCREDIT INFORMATION BUREAUS
dc.subjectCREDIT LINES
dc.subjectCREDIT REQUIREMENTS
dc.subjectCREDIT SCORING
dc.subjectCREDIT UNION
dc.subjectCREDIT UNIONS
dc.subjectCREDITWORTHINESS
dc.subjectCROP INSURANCE
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEPOSIT
dc.subjectDEPOSIT ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectDEPOSITORS
dc.subjectDEPOSITS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectE-BANK
dc.subjectE-FINANCE
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subjectELECTRONIC DEPOSITS
dc.subjectELECTRONIC PAYMENTS
dc.subjectELECTRONIC TRANSFER
dc.subjectELECTRONIC TRANSFER ACCOUNT
dc.subjectELECTRONIC TRANSFER ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectELECTRONIC TRANSFERS
dc.subjectEMPLOYERS
dc.subjectENTERPRISE CREDIT
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectEQUITY FINANCE
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXCLUSION
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectEXTERNAL FINANCE
dc.subjectEXTERNAL FINANCING
dc.subjectFACILITATION
dc.subjectFEDERAL BENEFITS
dc.subjectFEDERAL RESERVE
dc.subjectFINANCE COMPANIES
dc.subjectFINANCES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL DEPTH
dc.subjectFINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL EXCLUSION
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION
dc.subjectFINANCIAL LITERACY
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MARKETS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL REFORM
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SYSTEM
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SYSTEMS
dc.subjectFINANCING OBSTACLES
dc.subjectFIXED COSTS
dc.subjectFORMAL BANK
dc.subjectFORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
dc.subjectFORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICE
dc.subjectFORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFORMS OF CREDIT
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INTERVENTION
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectGREATER ACCESS
dc.subjectGROWTH OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectHIGH INTEREST RATES
dc.subjectHOME OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectHOUSING FINANCE
dc.subjectILLITERACY
dc.subjectINCOME GROUPS
dc.subjectINDEBTEDNESS
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFORMAL FINANCE
dc.subjectINFORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
dc.subjectINFORMATION ASYMMETRIES
dc.subjectINFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectINFORMATION SHARING
dc.subjectINFORMATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectINSTALLMENTS
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY
dc.subjectINSURANCE SERVICES
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE
dc.subjectINTEREST RATES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL FINANCE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectLACK OF ACCESS
dc.subjectLENDER
dc.subjectLENDERS
dc.subjectLENDING REQUIREMENTS
dc.subjectLITERACY REQUIREMENTS
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectLOAN APPLICATIONS
dc.subjectLOANABLE FUNDS
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectMINIMUM BALANCES
dc.subjectMONEYLENDERS
dc.subjectMORAL HAZARD
dc.subjectMULTINATIONALS
dc.subjectMUTUAL FUNDS
dc.subjectNET WORTH
dc.subjectNONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS
dc.subjectOUTREACH
dc.subjectOVERHEAD COSTS
dc.subjectPAWNSHOPS
dc.subjectPAYMENT SERVICES
dc.subjectPAYMENTS SERVICES
dc.subjectPOOR BORROWERS
dc.subjectPOSTAL BANK
dc.subjectPOSTAL BANKS
dc.subjectPOSTAL SAVINGS
dc.subjectPRIVATE CREDIT
dc.subjectPRIVATE SAVINGS
dc.subjectPRIVATIZATION
dc.subjectPROFITABILITY
dc.subjectPROFITABLE BANKING
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPROVISION OF ACCESS
dc.subjectPROXIMITY BANKS
dc.subjectPUBLIC BANKS
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectRATES OF RETURN
dc.subjectREAL ESTATE
dc.subjectREMITTANCES
dc.subjectREPAYMENT
dc.subjectREPAYMENT CAPACITY
dc.subjectRETAIL BANKS
dc.subjectRISK MITIGATION
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSAVINGS ACCOUNT
dc.subjectSAVINGS ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectSAVINGS BANK
dc.subjectSAVINGS BANK ACCOUNT
dc.subjectSAVINGS BANKS
dc.subjectSAVINGS PRODUCT
dc.subjectSAVINGS SERVICES
dc.subjectSECURITIES
dc.subjectSMALL BANK
dc.subjectSMALL BORROWERS
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESS
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESSES
dc.subjectSMALL ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSMART CARDS
dc.subjectSOCIAL COMMITMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL EXCLUSION
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectSTART-UP
dc.subjectSTART-UP COSTS
dc.subjectSTOCK MARKET
dc.subjectSTOCK MARKETS
dc.subjectTRADE CREDIT
dc.subjectTRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subjectUNIVERSAL ACCESS
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectUSURY
dc.subjectUSURY LAWS
dc.subjectVOLATILE INCOME
dc.subjectWORKING CAPITAL
dc.titleAccess to Financial Services : A Review of the Issues and Public Policy Objectivesen
dc.typeJournal Articleen
dc.typeArticle de journalfr
dc.typeArtículo de revistaes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.disclosure2013-04-17
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-06T11:00:02.709886Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Journal Article
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Journal Article
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/08/17591351/access-financial-services-review-issues-public-policy-objectives
okr.globalpracticeEnvironment and Natural Resources
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.guid251351468162847090
okr.identifier.doi10.1093/wbro/lkl004
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000333037_20130417124849
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum17591351
okr.identifier.report76760
okr.journal.nbpages207-240
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2013/04/17/000333037_20130417124849/Rendered/PDF/767600JRN0WBRO00Box374387B00PUBLIC0.pdfen
okr.peerreviewAcademic Peer Review
okr.relation.associatedurlhttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/8958
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Access to Finance
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.topicPrivate Sector Development::Emerging Markets
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Debt Markets
okr.topicBanks and Banking Reform
okr.topicEnvironment
okr.unitMultilateral Trustee/Innov Fin (CFPMI)
okr.volume21(2)
relation.isJournalIssueOfPublication81e1ae04-4d47-41f2-8e17-f8a0fc65fff6
relation.isJournalIssueOfPublication.latestForDiscovery81e1ae04-4d47-41f2-8e17-f8a0fc65fff6
relation.isJournalOfPublication9e5fbe82-492f-4142-8378-17d50245d9de
relation.isJournalVolumeOfPublicationde82764b-5bbf-4bd3-9617-37bea4c20d89
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