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The Nitrogen Legacy: The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital

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dc.contributor.authorZaveri, Esha
dc.contributor.authorRuss, Jason
dc.contributor.authorDesbureaux, Sebastien
dc.contributor.authorDamania, Richard
dc.contributor.authorRodella, Aude-Sophie
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro, Giovanna
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-13T16:39:06Z
dc.date.available2020-02-13T16:39:06Z
dc.date.issued2020-02
dc.description.abstractThe fallout of nitrogen pollution is considered one of the largest global externalities facing the world, impacting air, water, soil, and human health. This paper combines data from the Demographic and Health Survey data set across India, Vietnam, and 33 African countries to analyze the causal links between pollution exposure experienced during the very earliest stages of life and later-life health. The results show that pollution exposure experienced in the critical years of development—from birth until age three—is associated with decreased height as an adult, a well-known indicator of overall health and productivity, and is robust to several statistical checks. Because adult height is related to education, labor productivity, and income, this also implies a loss of earning potential. The analysis begins within an assessment in India, where the data are more available, and is then extended to geographic settings including Vietnam and 33 countries in Africa. The results are consistent and show that early-life exposure to nitrogen pollution in water can lower height-for-age scores during childhood in Vietnam and during infancy in Africa. These findings add to the evidence on the enduring consequences of water pollution and identify a critical area for policy intervention.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/427991581022015021/The-Nitrogen-Legacy-The-Long-Term-Effects-of-Water-Pollution-on-Human-Capital
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-9143
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/33319
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 9143
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectWATER POLLUTION
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectSTAGES OF LIFE
dc.subjectDRINKING WATER
dc.subjectHEALTH
dc.subjectNITROGEN POLLUTION
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY
dc.subjectSTUNTING
dc.titleThe Nitrogen Legacyen
dc.title.subtitleThe Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capitalen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleThe Nitrogen Legacy: The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital
okr.date.disclosure2020-02-06
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-07T08:37:07.427152Z
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-08T16:17:56.268026Z
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-09T02:49:32.301638Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/427991581022015021/The-Nitrogen-Legacy-The-Long-Term-Effects-of-Water-Pollution-on-Human-Capital
okr.guid427991581022015021
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-9143
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b0875b3eb3_2_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum31763720
okr.identifier.reportWPS9143
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/427991581022015021/pdf/The-Nitrogen-Legacy-The-Long-Term-Effects-of-Water-Pollution-on-Human-Capital.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.administrativeEast Asia and Pacific
okr.region.administrativeSouth Asia
okr.region.countryIndia
okr.region.countryViet Nam
okr.region.geographicalSub-Saharan Africa
okr.statistics.combined2777
okr.statistics.dr427991581022015021
okr.statistics.drstats2283
okr.topicEnvironment::Pollution Management & Control
okr.topicEnvironment::Water Resources Management
okr.topicWater Resources::Hydrology
okr.topicWater Resources::Water and Human Health
okr.unitWater Global Practice
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