Publication:
National and Provincial HIV Acquisition and Transmission Estimates and Patterns in Zimbabwe: A Mathematical Modelling Analysis

Abstract
This report summarizes findings from a mathematical modelling study to examine the patterns of HIV acquisition and transmission in Zimbabwe during the period from 2000 to 2017 and to predict future trends to 2030 This study was conducted in preparation for the planned analyses to identify opportunities for optimizing HIV resource allocation and improving implementation efficiency of core components as part of the HIV response in Zimbabwe. These analyses were carried out using the Optima HIV model.
Link to Data Set
Citation
Taramusi, Isaac; Sisimayi, Chenjerai; Benedikt, Clemens; Fraser, Nicole; Quiroga, Maria del Mar; Minnery, Mark; Martin-Hughes, Rowan; Kelly, Sherrie. 2018. National and Provincial HIV Acquisition and Transmission Estimates and Patterns in Zimbabwe: A Mathematical Modelling Analysis. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33270 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.
Associated URLs
Associated content
Report Series
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue

Related items

Showing items related by metadata.

  • Publication
    Improving the Allocative Efficiency of the HIV Response Across the Care Cascade in Zimbabwe
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019-05) Taramusi, Isaac; Sisimayi, Chenjerai; Benedikt, Clemens; Cheikh, Nejma; Fraser, Nicole; Shubber, Zara; Quiroga, Maria del Mar; Minnery, Mark; Martin-Hughes, Rowan; Kelly, Sherrie
    The report summarizes the findings of an allocative and implementation efficiency analysis of Zimbabwe's HIV response across the care cascade, which was conducted using the Optima-HIV model. The analysis was conducted to support Zimbabwe in its decision-making on strategic HIV investments, highlighting opportunities to maximise the impact of HIV financial resources in Zimbabwe through allocative and implementation efficiency gains.
  • Publication
    How Should HIV Resources be Allocated? Lessons Learnt from Applying Optima HIV in 23 Countries
    (Wiley, 2018-04) Stuart, Robyn M.; Grobicki, Laura; Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan; Panovska-Griffiths, Jasmina; Skordis, Jolene; Keiser, Olivia; Estill, Janne; Baranczuk, Zofia; Kelly, Sherrie L.; Reporter, Iyanoosh; Kedziora, David J.; Shattock, Andrew J.; Petravic, Janka; Hussain, S. Azfar; Grantham, Kelsey L.; Gray, Richard T.; Yap, Xiao F.; Martin-Hughes, Rowan; Benedikt, Clemens J.; Frazer-Hurt, Nicole; Masaki, Emiko; Wilson, David J.; Gorgens, Marelize; Mziray, Elizabeth; Cheikh, Nejma; Shubber, Zara; Kerr, Cliff C.; Wilson, David P.
    With limited funds available, meeting global health targets requires countries to both mobilize and prioritize their health spending. Within this context, countries have recognized the importance of allocating funds for HIV as efficiently as possible to maximize impact. Over the past six years, the governments of 23 countries in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America have used the Optima HIV tool to estimate the optimal allocation of HIV resources.
  • Publication
    The Tuberculosis Epidemic in Romania
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019-05) Socaci, Adriana; Mahler-Boca, Beatrice; Chiotan, Domnica Ioana; Popescu, Gilda; Stefan, Mihaela; Cioran, Nicoleta; Benedikt, Clemens; Cheikh, Nejma; Fraser, Nicole; Shubber, Zara; Abeysuriya, Romesh; Kedziora, David; Martin-Hughes, Rowan; AbouJaoude, Gerard Joseph; Abubakar, Ibrahim; Gosce, Lara; Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan; Palmer, Tom; Skordis-Worrall, Jolene
    This report summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency study of Romania’s Tuberculosis (TB) response, which was conducted using the Optima-TB model. The analysis was conducted to support Romania in its decision-making on strategic TB investments during the current National Strategic Plan for the Control of Tuberculosis in Romania (NSP, 2015‒20) and up to 2030. The analysis highlights the potential for Romania to maximize its impact on the TB response by reallocating spending on unnecessary hospitalization to increase the coverage of ambulatory care, treatment of drug-resistant TB and enhanced and active case finding in congregate community settings and high-risk areas.
  • Publication
    Tuberculosis in Indonesia
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-09) Hafez, Reem; Harimurti, Pandu; Martin-Hughes, Rowan
    Indonesia is the third largest contributor to the global tuberculosis (TB) burden and among the top twenty countries in the world for TB-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) coinfection, and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). In addition to the significant toll of TB to health and human capital, the economic burden of TB is substantial. Controlling TB in Indonesia will require not only that the Government of Indonesia (GOI) spend more on TB but that it spend it better. This means that decisions on which interventions or programs to prioritize and how best to implement them will be critical to maximizing health outcomes. Projections indicate that TB incidence will remain relatively stagnant under status quo spending and that there is limited scope for improving allocative efficiency. Following a request for technical assistance from the Government of Indonesia (GOI) on how to make available TB resources go further, especially in a context of shrinking external funding, consultations were held with program managers and experts in the National TB Program, the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Finance. Optima TB is a mathematical optimization model that informs policy makers and program managers on how to allocate the available resources across TB programs to maximize impact. This report covers the findings from an Optima TB analysis conducted in Indonesia as of September 2020.
  • Publication
    Sudan's HIV Response : Value for Money in a Low-Level HIV Epidemic
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2014-09-01) Fraser, Nicole; Benedikt, Clemens; Obst, Michael; Masaki, Emi; Görgens, Marelize; Stuart, Robyn; Shattock, Andrew; Gray Richard; Wilson, David
    This report summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency analysis on Sudan s national HIV epidemic and response conducted in 2014. HIV allocative efficiency studies are generally trying to answer the question How can HIV funding be optimally allocated to the combination of HIV response interventions that will yield the highest impact . In the first half of 2014, the Sudan National AIDS Programme has reviewed its national strategic plan (NSP) on HIV and AIDS, while at the same time preparing a concept note for submission to the Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the single largest funding partner of the national HIV response. In this context the government of Sudan approached the World Bank with a request to conduct an allocative efficiency analysis to inform both the prioritization of the national HIV response and the concept note development.

Users also downloaded

Showing related downloaded files

  • Publication
    The Journey Ahead
    (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-31) Bossavie, Laurent; Garrote Sánchez, Daniel; Makovec, Mattia
    The Journey Ahead: Supporting Successful Migration in Europe and Central Asia provides an in-depth analysis of international migration in Europe and Central Asia (ECA) and the implications for policy making. By identifying challenges and opportunities associated with migration in the region, it aims to inform a more nuanced, evidencebased debate on the costs and benefits of cross-border mobility. Using data-driven insights and new analysis, the report shows that migration has been an engine of prosperity and has helped address some of ECA’s demographic and socioeconomic disparities. Yet, migration’s full economic potential remains untapped. The report identifies multiple barriers keeping migration from achieving its full potential. Crucially, it argues that policies in both origin and destination countries can help maximize the development impacts of migration and effectively manage the economic, social, and political costs. Drawing from a wide range of literature, country experiences, and novel analysis, The Journey Ahead presents actionable policy options to enhance the benefits of migration for destination and origin countries and migrants themselves. Some measures can be taken unilaterally by countries, whereas others require close bilateral or regional coordination. The recommendations are tailored to different types of migration— forced displacement as well as high-skilled and low-skilled economic migration—and from the perspectives of both sending and receiving countries. This report serves as a comprehensive resource for governments, development partners, and other stakeholders throughout Europe and Central Asia, where the richness and diversity of migration experiences provide valuable insights for policy makers in other regions of the world.
  • Publication
    South Asia Development Update, April 2024: Jobs for Resilience
    (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-04-02) World Bank
    South Asia is expected to continue to be the fastest-growing emerging market and developing economy (EMDE) region over the next two years. This is largely thanks to robust growth in India, but growth is also expected to pick up in most other South Asian economies. However, growth in the near-term is more reliant on the public sector than elsewhere, whereas private investment, in particular, continues to be weak. Efforts to rein in elevated debt, borrowing costs, and fiscal deficits may eventually weigh on growth and limit governments' ability to respond to increasingly frequent climate shocks. Yet, the provision of public goods is among the most effective strategies for climate adaptation. This is especially the case for households and farms, which tend to rely on shifting their efforts to non-agricultural jobs. These strategies are less effective forms of climate adaptation, in part because opportunities to move out of agriculture are limited by the region’s below-average employment ratios in the non-agricultural sector and for women. Because employment growth is falling short of working-age population growth, the region fails to fully capitalize on its demographic dividend. Vibrant, competitive firms are key to unlocking the demographic dividend, robust private investment, and workers’ ability to move out of agriculture. A range of policies could spur firm growth, including improved business climates and institutions, the removal of financial sector restrictions, and greater openness to trade and capital flows.
  • Publication
    Media and Messages for Nutrition and Health
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-06) Calleja, Ramon V., Jr.; Mbuya, Nkosinathi V.N.; Morimoto, Tomo; Thitsy, Sophavanh
    The Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) has experienced rapid and significant economic growth over the past decade. However, poor nutritional outcomes remain a concern. Rates of childhood undernutrition are particularly high in remote, rural, and upland areas. Media have the potential to play an important role in shaping health and nutrition–related behaviors and practices as well as in promoting sociocultural and economic development that might contribute to improved nutritional outcomes. This report presents the results of a media audit (MA) that was conducted to inform the development and production of mass media advocacy and communication strategies and materials with a focus on maternal and child health and nutrition that would reach the most people from the poorest communities in northern Lao PDR. Making more people aware of useful information, essential services and products and influencing them to use these effectively is the ultimate goal of mass media campaigns, and the MA measures the potential effectiveness of media efforts to reach this goal. The effectiveness of communication channels to deliver health and nutrition messages to target beneficiaries to ensure maximum reach and uptake can be viewed in terms of preferences, satisfaction, and trust. Overall, the four most accessed media channels for receiving information among communities in the study areas were village announcements, mobile phones, television, and out-of-home (OOH) media. Of the accessed media channels, the top three most preferred channels were village announcements (40 percent), television (26 percent), and mobile phones (19 percent). In terms of trust, village announcements were the most trusted source of information (64 percent), followed by mobile phones (14 percent) and television (11 percent). Hence of all the media channels, village announcements are the most preferred, have the most satisfied users, and are the most trusted source of information in study communities from four provinces in Lao PDR with some of the highest burden of childhood undernutrition.
  • Publication
    Economic Recovery
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-04-06) Malpass, David; Georgieva, Kristalina; Yellen, Janet
    World Bank Group President David Malpass spoke about the world facing major challenges, including COVID, climate change, rising poverty and inequality and growing fragility and violence in many countries. He highlighted vaccines, working closely with Gavi, WHO, and UNICEF, the World Bank has conducted over one hundred capacity assessments, many even more before vaccines were available. The World Bank Group worked to achieve a debt service suspension initiative and increased transparency in debt contracts at developing countries. The World Bank Group is finalizing a new climate change action plan, which includes a big step up in financing, building on their record climate financing over the past two years. He noted big challenges to bring all together to achieve GRID: green, resilient, and inclusive development. Janet Yellen, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, mentioned focusing on vulnerable people during the pandemic. Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund, focused on giving everyone a fair shot during a sustainable recovery. All three commented on the importance of tackling climate change.
  • Publication
    Remarks at the United Nations Biodiversity Conference
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-10-12) Malpass, David
    World Bank Group President David Malpass discussed biodiversity and climate change being closely interlinked, with terrestrial and marine ecosystems serving as critically important carbon sinks. At the same time climate change acts as a direct driver of biodiversity and ecosystem services loss. The World Bank has financed biodiversity conservation around the world, including over 116 million hectares of Marine and Coastal Protected Areas, 10 million hectares of Terrestrial Protected Areas, and over 300 protected habitats, biological buffer zones and reserves. The COVID pandemic, biodiversity loss, climate change are all reminders of how connected we are. The recovery from this pandemic is an opportunity to put in place more effective policies, institutions, and resources to address biodiversity loss.