Publication:
Air Pollution During Growth: Accounting for Governance and Vulnerability

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dc.contributor.authorDasgupta, Susmita
dc.contributor.authorHamilton, Kirk
dc.contributor.authorPandey, Kiran
dc.contributor.authorWheeler, David
dc.date.accessioned2013-06-25T14:07:56Z
dc.date.available2013-06-25T14:07:56Z
dc.date.issued2004-08
dc.description.abstractNew research on urban air pollution casts doubt on the conventional view of the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality. This view holds that pollution automatically increases until societies reach middle-income status because poor countries have neither the institutional capacity nor the political commitment necessary to regulate polluters. Some policymakers and researchers have cited this model (called the "environmental Kuznets curve," or EKC) when arguing that developing countries should "grow first, clean up later." However, new evidence suggests that the EKC model is misleading because it mistakenly assumes that strong environmental governance is not possible for poor countries. As the authors show in this paper, the empirical relationship between pollution and income becomes much weaker when measures of governance are added to the analysis. Their results also suggest that previous research has underestimated the effect of geographic vulnerability (climate and terrain factors) on air quality. The authors find that weak governance and geographic vulnerability alone can account for the crisis levels of air pollution in many developing country cities. When these factors are combined with income and population effects, the authors have a sufficient explanation for the fact that some cities already have air quality comparable to levels in OECD urban areas. To summarize, their results suggest that the maxim "grow first, clean up later" is too simplistic. Appropriate urban growth strategies can steer development toward cities with lower geographic vulnerability, and governance reform can reduce air pollution significantly, long before countries reach middle-income status.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/08/5103503/air-pollution-during-growth-accounting-governance-vulnerability
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-3383
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/14162
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, D.C.
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No.3383
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABATEMENT
dc.subjectABATEMENT EFFORT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL POLLUTION
dc.subjectAIR EMISSIONS
dc.subjectAIR MONITORING
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTANTS
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectAIR PRESSURE
dc.subjectAIR QUALITY
dc.subjectAIR QUALITY MODELS
dc.subjectCAPITAL STOCK
dc.subjectCARBON
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCLEAN AIR
dc.subjectCLEAN TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCOMBUSTION
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectELASTICITIES
dc.subjectEMISSIONS
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL RESEARCH
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL STUDIES
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL WORK
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
dc.subjectEXPERIMENTS
dc.subjectGASES
dc.subjectGLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GASES
dc.subjectHEALTH IMPACTS
dc.subjectHUMAN HEALTH
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME ELASTICITY
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL POLLUTION
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL POLLUTION PROJECTION SYSTEM
dc.subjectIRON
dc.subjectMARGINAL COST
dc.subjectMETALS
dc.subjectMORBIDITY
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE DEGRADATION
dc.subjectOXYGEN
dc.subjectPARTICLES
dc.subjectPARTICULATE MATTER
dc.titleAir Pollution During Growth: Accounting for Governance and Vulnerabilityen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleAir Pollution during Growth: Accounting for Governance and Vulnerability
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:49:02.023460Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/08/5103503/air-pollution-during-growth-accounting-governance-vulnerability
okr.globalpracticeGovernance
okr.globalpracticeHealth, Nutrition, and Population
okr.globalpracticeWater
okr.guid671421468761960470
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-3383
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000160016_20040907100210
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum5103503
okr.identifier.reportWPS3383
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2004/09/07/000160016_20040907100210/Rendered/PDF/WPS3383.pdfen
okr.topicHealth Monitoring and Evaluation
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicWater Resources::Water and Industry
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.topicAir Quality and Clean Air
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Public Health Promotion
okr.topicGovernance::Governance Indicators
okr.unitOff of Sr VP Dev Econ/Chief Econ (DECVP)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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