Publication:
China and Africa: Expanding Economic Ties in an Evolving Global Context

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dc.contributor.authorPigato, Miria
dc.contributor.authorTang, Wenxia
dc.date.accessioned2015-04-27T20:18:35Z
dc.date.available2015-04-27T20:18:35Z
dc.date.issued2015-03
dc.description.abstractEconomic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has averaged roughly 5 percent per year over the past decade, improving living standards and bolstering human development indicators across the continent. Stronger public institutions, a supportive, private sector focused policy environment, responsible macroeconomic management, and a sustained commitment to structural reforms have greatly expanded opportunities for countries in SSA to participate in global markets. In recent years, many countries in the region have benefited from an increasingly favorable external environment, high commodity prices, and an especially strong demand for natural resources by emerging economies, particularly China. Over the longer term, leveraging Chinese investment to support broad-based growth will require policies designed to boost the competitiveness of sectors in which China s economic rebalancing may create a comparative advantage for SSA. To date, few African countries have been able to benefit from large-scale Chinese investment outside the resource sector. However, as China s growth slows and its economy shifts toward a more consumption-driven model, it is likely that global demand for resource imports will slow as well. Countries with the most heavily concentrated export mix, particularly in the mineral and oil sectors are the most vulnerable to China s economic rebalancing and should be ready to adopt measures to mitigate the impact of negative terms-of-trade shocks. By contrast, as wage rates in China continue to rise and firms refocus their attention on domestic demand, countries in SSA will be well positioned to exploit emerging opportunities for investment in export-oriented manufacturing. Ethiopia provides an instructive example, as its inexpensive yet relatively skilled labor force, coupled with the government s proactive efforts to court Chinese investors, have enabled Ethiopia to attract substantial investments in labor-intensive industries. Infrastructure enhancement, workforce development, and good-governance reforms offer a promising strategy for many countries in the region. Although the establishment of industrial zones has yielded mixed results, several salient success stories warrant careful attention. This report discusses how Africa could take advantage of the untapped opportunities offered by China s progressively intensifying investment and trade ties with SSA. It is hoped that this analysis will enrich the ongoing dialogue between policy makers, private firms, and civil society regarding China s increasingly important role in the growth and development of Sub-Saharan Africa.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/03/24177102/china-africa-expanding-economic-ties-evolving-global-context
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/21788
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/21788
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTORS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectAMOUNT OF CAPITAL
dc.subjectAPPROVAL PROCESS
dc.subjectBACKED FINANCING
dc.subjectBACKED LOANS
dc.subjectBANK FINANCING
dc.subjectBANKING LAWS
dc.subjectBASE YEAR
dc.subjectBENCHMARK
dc.subjectBILATERAL TRANSACTIONS
dc.subjectBUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectBUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectCAPITAL FORMATION
dc.subjectCAPITAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectCAPITAL REQUIREMENT
dc.subjectCAPITAL STOCK
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANK
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANKS
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL LENDING
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL LOANS
dc.subjectCOMMODITIES
dc.subjectCOMMODITY
dc.subjectCOMMODITY PRICE
dc.subjectCOMMODITY PRICES
dc.subjectCOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
dc.subjectCOMPETITION POLICIES
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES
dc.subjectCONSUMER GOODS
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION RATES
dc.subjectCOUNTRY MARKETS
dc.subjectCREDIT ACCESS
dc.subjectCREDIT LINE
dc.subjectCREDIT LINES
dc.subjectCREDIT PROGRAMS
dc.subjectCRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectCURRENCY
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING ECONOMIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANKS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT FINANCE
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
dc.subjectDIRECT ACCESS
dc.subjectDIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectDIVIDENDS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOUBLE TAXATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC COOPERATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC CRISIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC POWERS
dc.subjectECONOMIC RESEARCH
dc.subjectECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subjectEMERGING ECONOMIES
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectEXPORT COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectEXPORT CREDITS
dc.subjectEXPORT GROWTH
dc.subjectEXPORT PROCESSING ZONE
dc.subjectEXPORTER
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXPOSURE
dc.subjectFINANCES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL BENEFITS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL FLOWS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MARKETS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL NETWORK
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectFIXED CAPITAL
dc.subjectFIXED INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFORECASTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN CAPITAL
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTORS
dc.subjectFOREIGN OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectFOREIGN TRADE
dc.subjectFREE LOANS
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGLOBAL EXPORTS
dc.subjectGLOBAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectGLOBAL MARKETS
dc.subjectGLOBALIZATION
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectGROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectHOLDING
dc.subjectHOME COUNTRY
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME TAX
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
dc.subjectINITIAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINTEREST RATES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKETS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectINVESTING
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CLIMATE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CONTRACTS
dc.subjectINVESTMENT FLOWS
dc.subjectINVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectINVESTMENT POLICY
dc.subjectINVESTMENT PROJECTS
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectJOINT VENTURES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLARGE-SCALE INVESTMENT
dc.subjectLARGE-SCALE INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectLESS DEVELOPED COUNTRY
dc.subjectLIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectLINE OF CREDIT
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectLOAN PROGRAMS
dc.subjectLOAN SIZE
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectLOCAL MARKET
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectMACROECONOMICS
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
dc.subjectMERGERS
dc.subjectMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRY
dc.subjectMONETARY FUND
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectMULTINATIONALS
dc.subjectNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNEW BUSINESS
dc.subjectOFFSHORE FINANCIAL CENTER
dc.subjectOFFSHORE FINANCIAL CENTERS
dc.subjectOIL RESERVES
dc.subjectOPERATING COSTS
dc.subjectOUTPUT
dc.subjectOUTSOURCING
dc.subjectPENSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectPORTFOLIO
dc.subjectPRICE INCREASES
dc.subjectPRIVATE ENTERPRISE
dc.subjectPRIVATE ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTMENT
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTORS
dc.subjectPRIVATE MARKETS
dc.subjectPRODUCTION CAPACITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTION COSTS
dc.subjectPROFIT MARGIN
dc.subjectPUBLIC SPENDING
dc.subjectRAPID INDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectRATE OF RETURN
dc.subjectRATE OF RETURN ON CAPITAL
dc.subjectREAL ESTATE
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION
dc.subjectREGISTRATION PROCESS
dc.subjectREGISTRATION SYSTEM
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY
dc.subjectSCHOLARSHIPS
dc.subjectSECURITIES
dc.subjectSTABILIZATION POLICIES
dc.subjectTAX RATE
dc.subjectTAX SYSTEM
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
dc.subjectTRADE BALANCE
dc.subjectTRADE BARRIERS
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE PROTECTIONS
dc.subjectTRADING
dc.subjectTRANSACTION
dc.subjectTRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subjectTRANSFER PAYMENTS
dc.subjectTRANSITION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectTRANSPARENCY
dc.subjectTRUST FUND
dc.subjectUNION
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVOLATILITY
dc.subjectWAGE RATES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
dc.subjectWORLD ECONOMY
dc.subjectWORLD INVESTMENT REPORT
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.titleChina and Africaen
dc.title.subtitleExpanding Economic Ties in an Evolving Global Contexten
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.disclosure2015-03-20
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-05T11:33:02.741985Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/03/24177102/china-africa-expanding-economic-ties-evolving-global-context
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.globalpracticeMacroeconomics and Fiscal Management
okr.guid241321468024314010
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b082f979c9_2_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum24177102
okr.identifier.report95161
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/03/20/000333037_20150320122105/Rendered/PDF/951610WP00PUBL050March01600PUBLIC0.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.administrativeEast Asia and Pacific
okr.region.countryChina
okr.region.geographicalSub-Saharan Africa
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Access to Finance
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Investment and Investment Climate
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicPrivate Sector Development::Emerging Markets
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Debt Markets
okr.unitMacro & Fiscal Mgmt - GP (GMFDR)
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