Publication:
A Methodology for Updating International Middle-Class Lines for the Latin American and Caribbean Region

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dc.contributor.authorFernandez, Jaime
dc.contributor.authorOlivieri, Sergio
dc.contributor.authorSanchez, Diana
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-22T19:20:46Z
dc.date.available2023-05-22T19:20:46Z
dc.date.issued2023-05-22
dc.description.abstractThe middle class in Latin America and the Caribbean has been a central focus of policy debates in the region since the COVID-19 pandemic began. To identify and track vulnerable and middle-class populations accurately, it is necessary to update the upper and lower bounds for the middle class using 2017 purchasing power parity exchange rates. This paper contributes with a two-step methodology for updating these thresholds. The method indicates that updating the $13 lower-bound line in 2011 purchasing power parity dollars to 2017 purchasing power parity dollars results in a vulnerability line of $14. The study also finds an upper bound of $81 per person per day in 2017 purchasing power parity, compared with $70 in 2011 purchasing power parity. These thresholds are robust to a variety of assumptions and methodologies. The results of this study indicate that the proportion of the population in Latin America and the Caribbean classified as middle class increased from 36.3 percent in 2011 to 37.2 percent in 2017. However, there were no significant changes in the characteristics of this group.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099727305162311612/IDU04368d6810dbd50416a099d90d1cba9d5db21
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10447
dc.identifier.urihttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39834
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Papers; 10447
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subject2017 PPP
dc.subjectVULNERABILITY LINE
dc.subjectMIDDLE-CLASS
dc.subjectLASSO REGRESSION
dc.subjectMULTIPLE IMPUTATION
dc.subjectSYNTHETIC PANEL
dc.titleA Methodology for Updating International Middle-Class Lines for the Latin American and Caribbean Regionen
dc.typeWorking Paper
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleA Methodology for Updating International Middle-Class Lines for the Latin American and Caribbean Region
okr.date.disclosure2023-05-16
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-25T02:23:44.180206Z
okr.date.lastmodified2023-05-16T00:00:00Zen
okr.doctypePolicy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099727305162311612/IDU04368d6810dbd50416a099d90d1cba9d5db21
okr.guid099727305162311612
okr.identifier.docmidIDU-4368d681-dbd5-416a-99d9-d1cba9d5db21
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10447
okr.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-10447
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum34063509
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum34063509
okr.identifier.reportWPS10447
okr.import.id746
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099727305162311612/pdf/IDU04368d6810dbd50416a099d90d1cba9d5db21.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeLatin America & Caribbean
okr.region.geographicalCaribbean
okr.region.geographicalLatin America
okr.sectorSocial Protection
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Econometrics
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Economic Forecasting
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Poverty Lines
okr.unitEFI-LCR-POV-Poverty and Equity (ELCPV)
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationed2b971d-2da6-512d-8cf3-fca4f4f5c513
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryed2b971d-2da6-512d-8cf3-fca4f4f5c513
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