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Education Quality and Opportunities for Skills Development in Albania : An Analysis of PISA 2000-2012 Results

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dc.contributor.authorWorld Bank Group
dc.date.accessioned2014-10-14T16:42:24Z
dc.date.available2014-10-14T16:42:24Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.description.abstractAlbanian students improved their performance on PIS A1 reading, math, and science assessments between 2000 and 2012, a period over which access to upper secondary education expanded dramatically. The improvements are equivalent to a quarter to half a year of schooling in math and science and more than one year of schooling in reading. The improvements were realized despite substantial increases in enrollment and the attendant changes in the PISA sample composition. The gross enrollment rate in upper secondary education was only about 40 percent in 2000, but increased markedly to 72 percent in 2009 and 83 percent in 2012. A spike in enrollment usually results in lower average student performance due to the inclusion of poorer and traditionally excluded students. In the context of a rapidly expanding education system, it is remarkable that Albania managed to improve its average PISA scores. It is even more notable that the improvement came from significant advancements made by low-achieving students. Albania s improved PIS A scores coincide with the launch of intensive reform efforts in its education sector. The Government of Albania initiated the education sector strategy formulation process in 2002, which resulted in the 2004 passage of the National Education Strategy (NES) and the first attempt to develop a long-term roadmap for the sector. The NES served as the catalyst for a range of reforms, including: improved teacher recruitment, compensation, and management; a revised curriculum for basic and general upper secondary education; enhanced transparency and accountability through reform of the Matura, the national student assessment; reduced price and improved textbook quality through a reformed procurement process; and provision of textbook subsidies to the poorest households. While it is beyond the scope of this report to determine a causal relationship between the range of policy reforms and improved PISA scores, this report shows that socioeconomic variables played an important role. Explanatory analyses show that the effect of education variables cannot be disentangled from the effect of socioeconomic variables. Furthermore, with economic growth averaging 4.9 percent per year from 2000-2012, a viable explanation is that the general improvement in economic conditions helped to raise the tide on all social indicators, including PISA performance.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/01/20214469/education-quality-opportunities-skills-development-albania-analysis-pisa-2000-2012-results
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/20424
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/20424
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABILITY OF STUDENTS
dc.subjectACCESS TO PRESCHOOL
dc.subjectASSESSMENT SYSTEM
dc.subjectAVERAGE SCORE
dc.subjectBASIC EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN
dc.subjectBASIC TEXTS
dc.subjectBETTER LEARNING
dc.subjectBETTER SCHOOLS
dc.subjectCHILD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCLASSROOM
dc.subjectCLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE SKILLS
dc.subjectCOMPETENCIES
dc.subjectCOMPULSORY BASIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectCOMPULSORY EDUCATION
dc.subjectCOMPUTER SOFTWARE
dc.subjectCURRICULAR REFORMS
dc.subjectCURRICULUM
dc.subjectDEGREES
dc.subjectDIASPORA
dc.subjectDISADVANTAGED STUDENTS
dc.subjectDISCIPLINES
dc.subjectDROPOUT RATES
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD
dc.subjectEARLY EDUCATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectEDUCATION LEVEL
dc.subjectEDUCATION POLICY
dc.subjectEDUCATION REFORM
dc.subjectEDUCATION SECTOR
dc.subjectEDUCATION STRATEGY
dc.subjectEDUCATION SYSTEM
dc.subjectEDUCATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectEDUCATION VARIABLES
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS
dc.subjectEFFECT ON STUDENT LEARNING
dc.subjectEFFECTIVE LEARNING
dc.subjectEFFECTIVE TEACHING
dc.subjectEND OF GRADE
dc.subjectENROLLMENT
dc.subjectENROLLMENT RATE
dc.subjectENROLLMENT RATES
dc.subjectENTRANCE AGE
dc.subjectENTRANCE EXAM
dc.subjectETHNIC GROUPS
dc.subjectEXAM
dc.subjectFORMAL BASIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectFORMAL SCHOOLING
dc.subjectFUNCTIONAL LITERACY
dc.subjectFUNCTIONALLY ILLITERATE
dc.subjectGENDER DISPARITIES
dc.subjectGENDER GAP
dc.subjectGIRLS
dc.subjectGRADUATION RATE
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT RATE
dc.subjectHIGH SCHOOL
dc.subjectHIGHER EDUCATION
dc.subjectINSTRUCTION
dc.subjectINSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectLEARNING
dc.subjectLEARNING OUTCOMES
dc.subjectLEARNING STRATEGIES
dc.subjectLEVELS OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLITERACY
dc.subjectLITERACY ASPECTS
dc.subjectLITERACY THRESHOLD
dc.subjectLITERATURE
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLOWER SECONDARY
dc.subjectMATH SCORES
dc.subjectMATH SKILLS
dc.subjectMATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS
dc.subjectMATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS
dc.subjectMATHEMATICS
dc.subjectMEASURING EDUCATION QUALITY
dc.subjectMOBILITY
dc.subjectNATIONAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectOLD STUDENTS
dc.subjectOUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN
dc.subjectPARENTAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPEER INTERACTION
dc.subjectPERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS
dc.subjectPERSISTENT INEQUALITIES
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRINCIPAL EFFECTIVENESS
dc.subjectPRIVATE INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPROFICIENCY
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES ON EDUCATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOLS
dc.subjectQUALIFIED TEACHERS
dc.subjectQUALITY EDUCATION
dc.subjectQUALITY OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectQUALITY OF LIFE
dc.subjectQUALITY OF TEACHING
dc.subjectQUALITY PRESCHOOL
dc.subjectQUALITY PRESCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectQUALITY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectREADERS
dc.subjectREADING
dc.subjectREADING ACHIEVEMENT
dc.subjectREADING SKILLS
dc.subjectREASONING
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL DISPARITIES
dc.subjectRURAL SCHOOLS
dc.subjectSCHOOL AUTONOMY
dc.subjectSCHOOL LEVEL
dc.subjectSCHOOL MAPPING
dc.subjectSCHOOL NETWORK
dc.subjectSCHOOL PRINCIPALS
dc.subjectSCHOOL QUALITY
dc.subjectSCHOOL READINESS
dc.subjectSCHOOL STUDENTS
dc.subjectSCHOOL-AGE
dc.subjectSCHOOL-AGE POPULATION
dc.subjectSCHOOLING
dc.subjectSCIENCE LABORATORY EQUIPMENT
dc.subjectSCIENCE STUDY
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSKILL ACQUISITION
dc.subjectSKILLS ACQUISITION
dc.subjectSKILLS DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSMALL SCHOOLS
dc.subjectSOCIAL COHESION
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSTUDENT ACHIEVEMENT
dc.subjectSTUDENT ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectSTUDENT DATA
dc.subjectSTUDENT ENGAGEMENT
dc.subjectSTUDENT GROUPS
dc.subjectSTUDENT LEARNING
dc.subjectSTUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
dc.subjectSTUDENT PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectSTUDENT POPULATION
dc.subjectSTUDENT SCORES
dc.subjectSTUDENT-TEACHER RATIO
dc.subjectSUBJECTS
dc.subjectTEACHER
dc.subjectTEACHER EFFECTIVENESS
dc.subjectTEACHER RECRUITMENT
dc.subjectTEACHING
dc.subjectTEACHING PRACTICE
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectTEST SCORES
dc.subjectTEXTBOOK
dc.subjectTEXTBOOK SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectTEXTBOOKS
dc.subjectUNIVERSITY STUDENTS
dc.subjectUPPER SECONDARY
dc.subjectUPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectVISUAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectYOUNG PEOPLE
dc.titleEducation Quality and Opportunities for Skills Development in Albania : An Analysis of PISA 2000-2012 Resultsen
dc.title.alternativeCilësia e Arsimit dhe Mundësitë për Zhvillimin e Aftësive në Shqipëri : Analizë e rezultateve të PVNN-së 2000-2012en
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.disclosure2014-09-17
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-07T12:37:06.976431Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/01/20214469/education-quality-opportunities-skills-development-albania-analysis-pisa-2000-2012-results
okr.globalpracticeEducation
okr.guid729461468336309841
okr.guid291381468302963807
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000470435_20140917085339
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum20214469
okr.identifier.report90742
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/09/17/000470435_20140917085339/Rendered/PDF/907420WP0P15190MPLETE0ONLINE0Aug027.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEurope and Central Asia
okr.region.countryALBANIA
okr.sectorEducation :: General education sector
okr.themeHuman development :: Education for all
okr.themeHuman development :: Education for the knowledge economy
okr.topicSecondary Education
okr.topicTeaching and Learning
okr.topicEducation::Education For All
okr.topicEducation::Primary Education
okr.topicTertiary Education
okr.unitEducation - GP (GEDDR)
okr.volume1 of 1
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