Publication:
Ensuring an Equal Start for All Pakistani Children: What Will It Cost?

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dc.contributor.authorAlam, Abdullah
dc.contributor.authorHasan, Amer
dc.contributor.authorHentschel, Elizabeth
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-06T18:52:23Z
dc.date.available2024-05-06T18:52:23Z
dc.date.issued2024-05-06
dc.description.abstractQuality early childhood education improves childhood development outcomes and has long-term implications for school readiness, workforce participation, and economic growth. Despite this, in Pakistan, the net enrollment rate of children ages 3 to 5 in early childhood education was only 31 percent in 2022. This paper estimates the cost of expanding access to early childhood education using an adapted version of the early childhood education Accelerator Costing and Simulation model. Using available administrative data, the paper presents cost estimates for three packages: (i) a business-as-usual package, (ii) a core service delivery package, and (iii) an augmented service delivery package. It considers how these costs might vary using alternate delivery mechanisms, such as community construction and vouchers. To ensure 100 percent net enrollment in early childhood education by 2035, Pakistan must increase the amount of the education budget spent on early childhood education from the existing allocation of 5.3 percent to 10.4 percent by 2035. This means increasing the early childhood education budget from PKR 71 billion (US$0.3 billion) in 2022 to PKR 418 billion (US$1.85 billion) in 2035, suggesting an average annual increase of 14 percent. Using alternate delivery mechanisms, such as community construction and vouchers, the required budget can be reduced to PKR 311 billion (US$1.37 billion) in 2035.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099226005062427291/IDU1b0b7a0161caf6147a618ab0168995df4f111
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10763
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/41509
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper; 10763
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
dc.subjectQUALITY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSDG 4
dc.subjectPAKISTAN
dc.subjectCOST OF UNIVERSAL ACCESS
dc.subjectPEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES AND EDUCATION
dc.subjectSDG 16
dc.titleEnsuring an Equal Start for All Pakistani Childrenen
dc.title.subtitleWhat Will It Cost?en
dc.typeWorking Paper
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.associatedcontenthttps://reproducibility.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/133 Link to data and reproducibility package
okr.crossref.titleEnsuring an Equal Start for All Pakistani Children: What Will It Cost?
okr.date.disclosure2024-05-06
okr.date.lastmodified2024-05-06T00:00:00Zen
okr.doctypePolicy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099226005062427291/IDU1b0b7a0161caf6147a618ab0168995df4f111
okr.guid099226005062427291
okr.identifier.docmidIDU-b0b7a016-caf6-47a6-8ab0-68995df4f111
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10763
okr.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-10763
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum34313910
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum34313910
okr.identifier.reportWPS10763
okr.import.id4078
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099226005062427291/pdf/IDU1b0b7a0161caf6147a618ab0168995df4f111.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeSouth Asia
okr.region.countryPakistan
okr.sectorPublic Administration - Education
okr.themeEducation,Student Assessment,Gender,Human Development and Gender,Data Development and Capacity Building,Access to Education,Standards, Curriculum and Textbooks,Public Sector Management,Data production, accessibility and use,Education Governance, School-Based Management,Teachers
okr.topicEducation::Early Childhood Development
okr.topicEducation::Education For All
okr.topicEducation::Educational Policy and Planning
okr.topicEducation::Economics of Education
okr.unitEducation SAR (HSAED)
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