Publication:
A Dime a Day : The Possibilities and Limits of Private Schooling in Pakistan

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorAndrabi, Tahir
dc.contributor.authorDas, Jishnu
dc.contributor.authorKhwaja, Asim Ijaz
dc.date.accessioned2012-06-22T20:42:56Z
dc.date.available2012-06-22T20:42:56Z
dc.date.issued2006-11
dc.description.abstractThis paper looks at the private schooling sector in Pakistan, a country that is seriously behind schedule in achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Using new data, the authors document the phenomenal rise of the private sector in Pakistan and show that an increasing segment of children enrolled in private schools are from rural areas and from middle-class and poorer families. The key element in their rise is their low fees-the average fee of a rural private school in Pakistan is less than a dime a day (Rs.6). They hire predominantly local, female, and moderately educated teachers who have limited alternative opportunities outside the village. Hiring these teachers at low cost allows the savings to be passed on to parents through low fees. This mechanism-the need to hire teachers with a certain demographic profile so that salary costs are minimized-defines the possibility of private schools: where they arise, fees are low. It also defines their limits. Private schools are horizontally constrained in that they arise in villages where there is a pool of secondary educated women. They are also vertically constrained in that they are unlikely to cater to the secondary levels in rural areas, at least until there is an increase in the supply of potential teachers with the required skills and educational levels.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/11/7193170/dime-day-possibilities-limits-private-schooling-pakistan
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-4066
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8871
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC : World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 4066
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectADULT LITERACY
dc.subjectADULT LITERACY RATE
dc.subjectAGE GROUPS
dc.subjectANNUAL FEES
dc.subjectAVAILABILITY OF TEACHERS
dc.subjectCALL
dc.subjectCLASSROOMS
dc.subjectDEGREES
dc.subjectEDUCATED TEACHERS
dc.subjectEDUCATED WOMEN
dc.subjectEDUCATION DEPARTMENTS
dc.subjectEDUCATION SECTOR
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL BUDGETS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL DEMANDS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL LEVELS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL POLICY
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL REFORM
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectENROLLMENT
dc.subjectENROLLMENT GROWTH
dc.subjectENROLLMENT INCREASES
dc.subjectENROLLMENT LEVELS
dc.subjectENROLLMENT RATE
dc.subjectENROLLMENT RATIO
dc.subjectENROLLMENT RATIOS
dc.subjectEXCLUSION OF GIRLS
dc.subjectFEMALE EDUCATION
dc.subjectFEMALE ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectFEMALE TEACHER
dc.subjectFEMALE TEACHERS
dc.subjectFUTURE RESEARCH
dc.subjectGENDER DISPARITIES
dc.subjectGENDER GAP
dc.subjectGIRLS
dc.subjectGRADE TEACHERS
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT RATES
dc.subjectGROWTH IN ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectHIGH SCHOOL
dc.subjectHIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectHIGH SCHOOLS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectINFORMATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectINSTRUCTION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLEARNING
dc.subjectLITERATURE
dc.subjectLOCAL LABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLOCAL SCHOOLS
dc.subjectLOCAL TEACHERS
dc.subjectMASS EDUCATION
dc.subjectMEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION
dc.subjectMIDDLE EAST
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectMOBILITY
dc.subjectNET ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectNET ENROLLMENT RATE
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectPAPERS
dc.subjectPARTICIPATION RATES
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectPRIMARY GRADE
dc.subjectPRIMARY LEVEL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOLING
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPRIMARY TEACHER
dc.subjectPRIMARY TEACHER CERTIFICATE
dc.subjectPRIVATE EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIVATE EDUCATION SECTOR
dc.subjectPRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectPRIVATE INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIVATE SCHOOL TEACHERS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SCHOOLING
dc.subjectPRIVATE SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPRIVATE UNAIDED SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPROVINCIAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPROVISION OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC INVESTMENT IN SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOL
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOLING
dc.subjectPUBLIC SCHOOLS
dc.subjectQUALITY EDUCATION
dc.subjectRELIGIOUS SCHOOLS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL CHILDREN
dc.subjectRURAL VILLAGE
dc.subjectSCHOOL CONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectSCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectSCHOOL ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectSCHOOL ENROLLMENTS
dc.subjectSCHOOL FEE
dc.subjectSCHOOL FEES
dc.subjectSCHOOL GOING
dc.subjectSCHOOL LOCATION
dc.subjectSCHOOL MAPPING
dc.subjectSCHOOL TEACHERS
dc.subjectSCHOOL TUITION
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectSHOW HOW
dc.subjectSOUTH ASIAN
dc.subjectSTUDENT-TEACHER RATIOS
dc.subjectSUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
dc.subjectTEACHER CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subjectTEACHER COMPETENCY
dc.subjectTEACHER EDUCATION
dc.subjectTEACHER TRAINING
dc.subjectTEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS
dc.subjectTEACHERS
dc.subjectTEACHING
dc.subjectTERTIARY SECTOR
dc.subjectTRAINING PROGRAMS
dc.subjectTUITION
dc.subjectTUITION FEE
dc.subjectTUITION FEES
dc.subjectVILLAGE LEVEL
dc.titleA Dime a Day : The Possibilities and Limits of Private Schooling in Pakistanen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleA Dime A Day : The Possibilities And Limits Of Private Schooling In Pakistan
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:13:51.608410Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/11/7193170/dime-day-possibilities-limits-private-schooling-pakistan
okr.globalpracticeEducation
okr.guid450421468284381096
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-4066
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000016406_20061110130153
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum7193170
okr.identifier.reportWPS4066
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2006/11/10/000016406_20061110130153/Rendered/PDF/wps4066.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeSouth Asia
okr.region.countryPakistan
okr.region.geographicalAsia
okr.region.geographicalSouth Asia
okr.topicTertiary Education
okr.topicSecondary Education
okr.topicEducation::Primary Education
okr.topicEducation::Education For All
okr.topicTeaching and Learning
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationea440dcd-bd1b-5ecb-99eb-ac38454d8b51
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryea440dcd-bd1b-5ecb-99eb-ac38454d8b51
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Thumbnail Image
Name:
wps4066.pdf
Size:
365.89 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
wps4066.txt
Size:
92.39 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Description:
Download
Collections
Policy Research Working Papers