Publication: Multimorbidity: A Panorama of Brazil
Loading...
Other Files
35 downloads
24 downloads
20 downloads
Date
2024-06-20
ISSN
Published
2024-06-20
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
The demographic transition accompanied by the epidemiological transition, evidenced by the change in the health profile of the Brazilian population, brings important challenges to the Unified Health System. The accelerated aging of the population further accentuates the effects of the triple burden of diseases, placing society as a all in the face of this new reality. Important changes are underway, both economic and social. The Coronavirus pandemic has made this context even more complex, increasing inequalities, including in health, further impacting health services, which were excessively demanded in these three years, initially due to the global health challenge that found Brazil one of its most fertile grounds, and, subsequently, by the consequences left by the inevitable prioritization of the emerging disease, which led services to leave aside much of the care for chronic patients. Considering the gradual increase in the concomitant occurrence of multiple chronic diseases affecting the same individual, whether over the last few decades or throughout the citizen’s life, the current situation of multimorbidity deserves, at the very least, the attention of health authorities. This report characterizes multimorbidity in the country, presenting two examples of chronic disease management, one from the public sector and the other from the private sector.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2024. Multimorbidity: A Panorama of Brazil. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/41749 License: CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO.”
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Healthy Development : The World Bank Strategy for Health, Nutrition, and Population Results(Washington, DC, 2007)This paper updates the 1997 World Bank Health, Nutrition, and Population Strategy to enhance Bank capacity so that it continues to contribute to this virtuous circle in light of the momentous changes of the past decade in the architecture of development assistance for health (DAH) and of persisting HNP challenges worldwide. This 2007 HNP Strategy outlines the Bank vision for improving its own capacity to respond globally and with a country focus to the urgent issues posed by these changes and challenges.Publication Taking Stock, June 2012(World Bank, Hanoi, 2012-06)The authorities' determined implementation of stabilization measures over the past year has helped to avert a macroeconomic crisis. If the deterioration of the macroeconomic environment in 2010-11 was rapid, the improvement in the situation in the past twelve months has been equally swift. Regaining macroeconomic stability has been costly, but not stabilizing the economy would have led to even bigger losses. Real gross domestic product (GDP) growth has decelerated from 6.8 percent in 2010 to 5.9 percent in 2011, and further to 4 percent in the first quarter of 2012 as higher prices has lowered domestic demand, affecting sectors such as construction, manufacturing and utilities. Industrial production has slowed, inventory for key industrial products has accumulated, and a number of small and medium enterprises have either closed, been liquidated or temporarily suspended their operations. While the stabilization efforts may have contributed to a cyclical slowdown, Vietnam's trend growth rate has been on a downward path for the last 5-6 years, largely on account of the slow pace of structural reforms. Inefficiencies in state-owned enterprises, banks and public investments have been a drag on the country's long-term growth potential. With gains from macroeconomic stabilization still recent and fragile, especially in an external environment that is fraught with uncertainty, the government needs to be careful not to shift to an expansionary stance prematurely.Publication Impact of Out-of-pocket Health Payments on Poverty and Alignment of Public and External Health Financing in Guinea(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-08-23)There has been limited data on the impact of out-of-pocket health payments (OOPs) on extreme poverty in Guinea. Yet, these data are necessary for making informed decisions in the fight against poverty. This paper aimed to (i) measure the impact of OOPs on extreme poverty in Guinea, (ii) compare this impact with that of other household expenditure categories, and (iii) assess the alignment of health financing with this impact. The paper utilized data from the 2018–19 Living Standards Measurement Study and the 2020–24 health financial commitments of the State and its partners, and is based on the impoverishing expenditure method. The three most common poverty measures were used: (i) prevalence, which refers to the number of people in a given population living below a given poverty line; (ii) normalized gap, which estimates the amount needed to eradicate poverty in a given population; and (iii) severity, which indicates whether the gaps between the income of the poor and the poverty line in a given population are equal. OOPs increased the prevalence, normalized gap, and severity of extreme poverty by 2.1 percentage points (pp), 0.7 pp (or 66 million international dollars), and 0.3 pp, respectively. The groups most affected by the extreme poverty severity increase were Faranah (0.7 pp), N’Zérékoré (0.4 pp), Kindia (0.4 pp), and Labé (0.4 pp); as well as individuals aged ≥60 years (0.5 pp) and <1 year (0.4 pp). OOPs had an equal or greater impact than other sectors that receive more funding such as education (prevalence: 0.4 pp; normalized gap: 0.1 pp; and severity: 0.0 pp). The concentration indexes of health financing with respect to the impact of OOPs on extreme poverty were -0.35 (prevalence), -0.34 (normalized gap), and -0.41 (severity), indicating a misalignment. Guinea urgently needs universal health coverage, which will necessitate improved allocative efficiency. Groups most affected by the extreme poverty severity increase could serve as priority groups.Publication Assessment of Guinea-Bissau’s Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness, and Response Capacity(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-06-03)This report represents a comprehensive assessment of Guinea-Bissau’s PPR capacity conducted by the World Bank. The report details key gaps and findings about Guinea-Bissau’s health system and sets out priority recommendations to strengthen its PPR capacity and health system resilience. Key findings are grouped into five areas identified as most critical and in urgent need of attention to prepare for future threats.Publication Strategic Environmental Assessment for Policies : An Instrument for Good Governance(Washington, DC : World Bank, 2008)Contents of this report are: Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and policy formulation by Kulsum Ahmed, and Ernesto Sanchez-Triana. Policy-level strategic environmental assessments: process integration and incentives of policy proponents by Leonard Ortolano. The continuous process of policy formation by Martha S. Feldman, and Anne M. Khademian. Toward environmental priority setting in development by Richard D. Morgenstern. Giving the most vulnerable a voice by Caroline Kende-Robb, and Warren A. Van Wicklin III. Building and reinforcing social accountability for improved environmental governance by Harry Blair. Learning in environmental policy making and implementation by Alnoor Ebrahim. Using strategic environmental assessments to design and implement public policy by Kulsum Ahmed, and Ernesto Sanchez-Triana.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication World Development Report 2023: Migrants, Refugees, and Societies(Washington, DC : World Bank, 2023-04-25)Migration is a development challenge. About 184 million people—2.3 percent of the world’s population—live outside of their country of nationality. Almost half of them are in low- and middle-income countries. But what lies ahead? As the world struggles to cope with global economic imbalances, diverging demographic trends, and climate change, migration will become a necessity in the decades to come for countries at all levels of income. If managed well, migration can be a force for prosperity and can help achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. World Development Report 2023 proposes an innovative approach to maximize the development impacts of cross-border movements on both destination and origin countries and on migrants and refugees themselves. The framework it offers, drawn from labor economics and international law, rests on a “Match and Motive Matrix” that focuses on two factors: how closely migrants’ skills and attributes match the needs of destination countries and what motives underlie their movements. This approach enables policy makers to distinguish between different types of movements and to design migration policies for each. International cooperation will be critical to the effective management of migration.Publication World Development Report 2004(World Bank, 2003)Too often, services fail poor people in access, in quality, and in affordability. But the fact that there are striking examples where basic services such as water, sanitation, health, education, and electricity do work for poor people means that governments and citizens can do a better job of providing them. Learning from success and understanding the sources of failure, this year’s World Development Report, argues that services can be improved by putting poor people at the center of service provision. How? By enabling the poor to monitor and discipline service providers, by amplifying their voice in policymaking, and by strengthening the incentives for providers to serve the poor. Freedom from illness and freedom from illiteracy are two of the most important ways poor people can escape from poverty. To achieve these goals, economic growth and financial resources are of course necessary, but they are not enough. The World Development Report provides a practical framework for making the services that contribute to human development work for poor people. With this framework, citizens, governments, and donors can take action and accelerate progress toward the common objective of poverty reduction, as specified in the Millennium Development Goals.Publication World Development Report 2024(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-08-01)Middle-income countries are in a race against time. Many of them have done well since the 1990s to escape low-income levels and eradicate extreme poverty, leading to the perception that the last three decades have been great for development. But the ambition of the more than 100 economies with incomes per capita between US$1,100 and US$14,000 is to reach high-income status within the next generation. When assessed against this goal, their record is discouraging. Since the 1970s, income per capita in the median middle-income country has stagnated at less than a tenth of the US level. With aging populations, growing protectionism, and escalating pressures to speed up the energy transition, today’s middle-income economies face ever more daunting odds. To become advanced economies despite the growing headwinds, they will have to make miracles. Drawing on the development experience and advances in economic analysis since the 1950s, World Development Report 2024 identifies pathways for developing economies to avoid the “middle-income trap.” It points to the need for not one but two transitions for those at the middle-income level: the first from investment to infusion and the second from infusion to innovation. Governments in lower-middle-income countries must drop the habit of repeating the same investment-driven strategies and work instead to infuse modern technologies and successful business processes from around the world into their economies. This requires reshaping large swaths of those economies into globally competitive suppliers of goods and services. Upper-middle-income countries that have mastered infusion can accelerate the shift to innovation—not just borrowing ideas from the global frontiers of technology but also beginning to push the frontiers outward. This requires restructuring enterprise, work, and energy use once again, with an even greater emphasis on economic freedom, social mobility, and political contestability. Neither transition is automatic. The handful of economies that made speedy transitions from middle- to high-income status have encouraged enterprise by disciplining powerful incumbents, developed talent by rewarding merit, and capitalized on crises to alter policies and institutions that no longer suit the purposes they were once designed to serve. Today’s middle-income countries will have to do the same.Publication World Development Report 2018(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2018)Every year, the World Bank's World Development Report takes on a topic of central importance to global development. The 2018 Report, Learning to Realize Education's Promise, is the first ever devoted entirely to education. Now is an excellent time for it: education has long been critical for human welfare, but is even more so in a time of rapid economic change. The Report explores four main themes. First, education's promise: Education is a powerful instrument for eradicating poverty and promoting shared prosperity, but fulfilling its potential requires better policies - both within and outside the education system. Second, the learning crisis: Despite gains in education access, recent learning assessments show that many young people around the world, especially from poor families, are leaving school unequipped with even the most foundational skills they need for life. At the same time, internationally comparable learning assessments show that skills in many middle-income countries lag far behind what those countries aspire to. Third, promising interventions to improve learning: Research from areas such as brain science, pedagogical innovations, or school management have identified interventions that promote learning by ensuring that learners are prepared, that teachers are skilled as well as motivated, and that other inputs support the teacher-learner relationship. Fourth, learning at scale: Achieving learning throughout an education system will require more than just scaling up effective interventions. Change requires overcoming technical and political barriers by deploying salient metrics for mobilizing actors and tracking progress, building coalitions for learning, and being adaptive when implementing programs.Publication Western Balkans 6 Country Climate and Development Report(Washington, DC: World Bank Group, 2024-07-16)This Regional Western Balkans Countries Climate and Development Report (CCDR) stands out in several ways. In a region that often lacks cohesive regional alliances, this report emphasizes how the challenges faced across countries are often common and interconnected, and, importantly, that climate action requires coordination on multiple fronts. Simultaneously, it illustrates the differences across countries, places, and people that require targeted strategies and interventions. This report demonstrates how shocks and stressors re intensifying and how investments in adaptation could bring significant benefits in the form of avoided losses, accelerated economic potential, and amplified social and economic spillovers. Given the region’s high emission and energy intensity and the limitations of its current fossil fuel-based development model, the report articulates a path to greener and more resilient growth, a path that is more consistent with the aspiration of accession to the EU. The report finds that the net zero transition can be undertaken without compromising the economic potential of the Western Balkans and that it could lead to higher growth than under the Reference Scenario (RS) with appropriate structural reforms.