dc.contributor.author	Seitz, William
dc.contributor.author	Setiawan, Imam
dc.date.accessioned	2024-11-06T19:57:19Z
dc.date.available	2024-11-06T19:57:19Z
dc.date.issued	2024-11-06
dc.description.abstract	About 27,000 Indonesians died of lead poisoning in 2019. Where mandatory lead-free standards are absent, as is the case in Indonesia, lead paint is among the most common sources of poisoning. Tests for lead in interior paint conducted in a nationally representative sample of households in December 2023 found that at least 44.8 percent of Indonesians live in homes with lead paint, rising to at least 57.9 percent among those living in homes with any visible interior paint. Indonesian children are more often at risk than adults, with about 46 percent aged five or younger—about 10.2 million children—living in homes with lead paint. Deteriorating lead paint puts 14.1 percent of children aged five or younger at risk of more severe exposure, with the poorest 40 percent of Indonesians more than twice as likely to report deteriorating lead paint. Calibrating the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children model to these estimates suggests that lead paint exposure alone may push 21 percent of children aged five or younger over the 5 micrograms per deciliter blood lead threshold, equivalent to 55 percent of Indonesia’s total estimated cases among children in the Global Burden of Disease database. New lead paint continues to accumulate in the environment: tests conducted on the most popular paint varieties on the market found that 77 percent contained unsafe levels of lead. The results show that poisoning risks from lead paint are high and widespread in Indonesia, and that lead contaminated paint supply chains remain dominant.	en
dc.identifier	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099354310282440799/IDU1dee3e1311741114618185521a29d3da031f4
dc.identifier.doi	10.1596/1813-9450-10962
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/10986/42369
dc.language	English
dc.language.iso	en_US
dc.publisher	Washington, DC: World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseries	Policy Research Working Paper; 10962
dc.rights	CC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holder	World Bank
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subject	LEAD POISONING
dc.subject	LEAD PAINT
dc.subject	IMPACT ASSESSMENT
dc.subject	HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subject	IEUBK MODEL
dc.title	A Toxic Threat to Indonesia’s Human Capital	en
dc.title.subtitle	Prevalence and Impact of Lead Paint in Indonesian Homes	en
dc.type	Working Paper
dspace.entity.type	Publication
okr.crossref.title	A Toxic Threat to Indonesia’s Human Capital: Prevalence and Impact of Lead Paint in Indonesian Homes
okr.date.disclosure	2024-11-06
okr.date.lastmodified	2024-10-28T00:00:00Z	en
okr.doctype	Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctype	Publications & Research
okr.docurl	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099354310282440799/IDU1dee3e1311741114618185521a29d3da031f4
okr.guid	099354310282440799
okr.identifier.docmid	IDU-dee3e131-7411-4618-8552-a29d3da031f4
okr.identifier.doi	10.1596/1813-9450-10962
okr.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-10962
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum	34412670
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum	34412670
okr.identifier.report	WPS10962
okr.import.id	5706
okr.imported	true	en
okr.language.supported	en
okr.pdfurl	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099354310282440799/pdf/IDU1dee3e1311741114618185521a29d3da031f4.pdf	en
okr.region.administrative	East Asia and Pacific
okr.region.country	Indonesia
okr.sector	Other Public Administration
okr.topic	Health, Nutrition and Population::Health Monitoring & Evaluation
okr.topic	Health, Nutrition and Population::Public Health Promotion
okr.topic	Environment::Pollution Management & Control
okr.topic	Environment::Air Quality & Clean Air
okr.unit	EFI-EAP-POV-Poverty and Equity (EEAPV)
okr.unit	EAP ENR PM 1 (SEAE1)
relation.isSeriesOfPublication	26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery	26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87

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A Toxic Threat to Indonesia’s Human Capital: Prevalence and Impact of Lead Paint in Indonesian Homes