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Reflections of Employers' Gender Preferences in Job Ads in India: An Analysis of Online Job Portal Data

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dc.contributor.authorChowdhury, Afra R.
dc.contributor.authorAreias, Ana C.
dc.contributor.authorImaizumi, Saori
dc.contributor.authorNomura, Shinsaku
dc.contributor.authorYamauchi, Futoshi
dc.date.accessioned2018-03-30T18:30:30Z
dc.date.available2018-03-30T18:30:30Z
dc.date.issued2018-03
dc.description.abstractUsing online job portal data and probabilistic regression estimations, the paper investigates the explicit gender bias and salary gap in the Indian job market, reflected in more than 800,000 job recruitment advertisements. Exploring formal and informal sector occupations, the study finds high existence of employers' gender bias in hiring. Explicit gender preferences are highly job specific, and it is common to mention the preferred gender in job ads, which, in general, favor men over women. Although ads for professional occupations exhibit less explicit gender bias, they are not gender neutral. In all types of professional jobs, irrespective of the share of ads with preference for men or women, on average, ads targeting men specify/offer much higher salary. Employers in elementary sectors as well as blue-collar jobs express more segregated gender preference. The findings support the existing research that argues women are more preferred in low-quality, low-status, typically low-paid informal jobs. Targeting women for low-quality jobs explains half of the mean offered salary gap specified in ads; the rest is direct gender bias. The paper also suggests that, with the rise of new technology and sectors, gender bias in hiring in those new types of jobs is expected to decline.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/548581522089881652/Reflections-of-employers-gender-preferences-in-job-ads-in-India-an-analysis-of-online-job-portal-data
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-8379
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/29559
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 8379
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectGENDER TARGETING
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectHIRING PRACTICES
dc.subjectGENDER WAGE GAP
dc.subjectRECRUITMENT ADS
dc.subjectJOB APPLICATION
dc.subjectEMPLOYER PREFERENCE
dc.subjectJOB MARKET
dc.subjectGENDER BIAS
dc.subjectHIRING BIAS
dc.titleReflections of Employers' Gender Preferences in Job Ads in Indiaen
dc.title.subtitleAn Analysis of Online Job Portal Dataen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleReflections of Employers' Gender Preferences in Job Ads in India: An Analysis of Online Job Portal Data
okr.date.disclosure2018-03-26
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/548581522089881652/Reflections-of-employers-gender-preferences-in-job-ads-in-India-an-analysis-of-online-job-portal-data
okr.guid548581522089881652
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-8379
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b08580c092_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum29751652
okr.identifier.reportWPS8379
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/548581522089881652/pdf/WPS8379.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeSouth Asia
okr.region.countryIndia
okr.statistics.combined5342
okr.statistics.dr548581522089881652
okr.statistics.drstats4320
okr.topicGender::Gender and Economic Policy
okr.topicGender::Gender and Social Policy
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Markets
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Standards
okr.topicLaw and Development::Labor & Employment Law
okr.topicPrivate Sector Development::Business Ethics, Leadership and Values
okr.unitEducation Global Practice
relation.isAuthorOfPublication208a78c7-9120-529a-af26-4b54b9ebfece
relation.isAuthorOfPublicatione1d34098-3f52-5eab-aca8-012182ce818e
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverye1d34098-3f52-5eab-aca8-012182ce818e
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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