Publication:
Reducing Agricultural Tariffs versus Domestic Support : What's More Important for Developing Countries?

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dc.contributor.authorNg, Francis
dc.contributor.authorHoekman, Bernard M.
dc.contributor.authorOlarreaga, Marcelo
dc.date.accessioned2014-07-29T20:59:55Z
dc.date.available2014-07-29T20:59:55Z
dc.date.issued2003-03
dc.description.abstractHigh levels of protection and domestic support for farmers in industrial countries significantly affect many developing countries, both directly and through the price-depressing effect of agricultural support policies. High tariffs--in both rich and poor countries--and domestic support may also lower the world price of agricultural products, benefiting net importers. The authors assess the impact of reducing tariffs and domestic support in a sample of 119 countries. Least developed countries (LDCs) are disproportionately affected by agricultural support policies. More than 18 percent of LDC exports are subject to domestic support in at least one World Trade Organization (WTO) member, as compared to only 9 percent of their imports. For other developing countries the figures are around 4 percent for both their exports and imports. So, the prevailing pattern of trade suggests the world price-reducing effect of agricultural domestic support policies may induce a welfare loss in LDCs. The authors develop a simple partial equilibrium model of global trade in commodities that benefit from domestic support in at least one WTO member. The simulation results suggest there will be large differences between LDCs and other developing economies in terms of the impact of a 50 percent cut in tariffs as compared to a 50 percent cut in domestic support. Developing countries as a group would suffer a welfare loss from a cut in support, while LDCs would experience a small gain. For both groups of countries, tariff reductions by WTO members--including own liberalization--will have a positive effect on welfare. The results show both the importance of focusing on tariffs as well as subsities, and the need for complementary actions to allow a domestic supply response to occur in developing countries if world prices riseen
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/03/2166843/reducing-agrcultural-tariffs-versus-domestic-support-whats-more-important-developing-countries
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2918
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/19043
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 2918
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectPROTECTIVE TARIFFS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TAXATION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRICES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TARIFFS
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectTARIFF REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectELASTICITY (ECONOMIC)
dc.subjectSENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
dc.subjectSIMULATIONS
dc.subjectMOST FAVOURED NATION CLAUSE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EXPORTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL GOODS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL MARKETS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL POLICIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TARIFFS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TRADE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectARBITRAGE
dc.subjectAVERAGE TARIFF
dc.subjectAVERAGE TARIFFS
dc.subjectBENCHMARK
dc.subjectBORDER PROTECTION
dc.subjectCONSUMER SURPLUS
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectDEMAND ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectDEMAND ELASTICITY
dc.subjectDEMAND FUNCTIONS
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDOMESTIC DEMAND
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRODUCTION
dc.subjectDOMESTIC SUPPORT
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICY
dc.subjectELASTICITIES
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXPORT PRICES
dc.subjectEXPORT SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectEXPORT SUPPLY
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectFIXED COSTS
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGLOBAL TRADE
dc.subjectHIGH TARIFFS
dc.subjectIMPORT COMPETITION
dc.subjectIMPORT PRICES
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES
dc.subjectLDCS
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET SEGMENTING
dc.subjectMARKET SEGMENTING EFFECT
dc.subjectNET EXPORTERS
dc.subjectNON-TARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectOVERVALUATION
dc.subjectPATTERN OF TRADE
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subjectPOLICY CHANGES
dc.subjectPOLICY MEASURES
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL ACCESS
dc.subjectPRICE ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectPRICE SUPPORT
dc.subjectPRICE VOLATILITY
dc.subjectPRODUCERS
dc.subjectPRODUCT MARKETS
dc.subjectPROTECTION DATA
dc.subjectPROTECTIONIST POLICIES
dc.subjectQUOTAS
dc.subjectREDUCTION IN TARIFFS
dc.subjectRESTRICTIVE RULES OF ORIGIN
dc.subjectROUND AGREEMENT
dc.subjectRULES OF ORIGIN
dc.subjectSPECIALIZATION
dc.subjectSUPPLY ELASTICITY
dc.subjectSUPPLY FUNCTIONS
dc.subjectTARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectTARIFF PREFERENCES
dc.subjectTARIFF PROTECTION
dc.subjectTARIFF RATE
dc.subjectTARIFF RATE QUOTAS
dc.subjectTARIFF REDUCTION
dc.subjectTARIFF REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectTARIFF REVENUE
dc.subjectTERMS OF TRADE
dc.subjectTIME SERIES
dc.subjectTRADE FLOWS
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY REFORM
dc.subjectTRADING PARTNERS
dc.subjectTRANSITION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectTRANSPORT COSTS
dc.subjectURUGUAY ROUND
dc.subjectVOLATILITY
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectWELFARE LOSS
dc.subjectWELFARE LOSSES
dc.subjectWORLD MARKETS
dc.subjectWORLD PRICES
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.subjectWTO
dc.subjectWTO AGREEMENT
dc.subjectWTO MEMBERS
dc.titleReducing Agricultural Tariffs versus Domestic Support : What's More Important for Developing Countries?en
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleReducing Agricultural Tariffs versus Domestic Support: What's More Important for Developing Countries?
okr.date.disclosure2003-03-31
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:26:56.831898Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/03/2166843/reducing-agrcultural-tariffs-versus-domestic-support-whats-more-important-developing-countries
okr.globalpracticeMacroeconomics and Fiscal Management
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.guid495671468739502590
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2918
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000094946_03031804030837
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum2166843
okr.identifier.reportWPS2918
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2003/03/29/000094946_03031804030837/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdfen
okr.sectorAgriculture, fishing, and forestry :: General agriculture, fishing and forestry sector
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Consumption
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::World Trade Organization
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade Policy
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Free Trade
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Markets and Market Access
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.unitOff of Sr VP Dev Econ/Chief Econ (DECVP)
okr.volume1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication49a06ad1-63d4-5c3a-8b66-c6c3009e9cdf
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery49a06ad1-63d4-5c3a-8b66-c6c3009e9cdf
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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