Publication:
Blending Top-Down Federalism with Bottom-Up Engagement to Reduce Inequality in Ethiopia

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dc.contributor.authorKhan, Qaiser
dc.contributor.authorFaguet, Jean-Paul
dc.contributor.authorAmbel, Alemayehu
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-22T16:25:26Z
dc.date.available2015-12-22T16:25:26Z
dc.date.issued2015-12
dc.description.abstractDonors increasingly fund interventions to counteract inequality in developing countries, where they fear it can foment instability and undermine nation-building efforts. To succeed, aid relies on the principle of upward accountability to donors. But federalism shifts the accountability of subnational officials downward to regional and local voters. What happens when aid agencies fund anti-inequality programs in federal countries? Does federalism undermine aid? Does aid undermine federalism? Or can the political and fiscal relations that define a federal system resolve the contradiction internally? This study explores this paradox via the Promotion of Basic Services program in Ethiopia, the largest donor-financed investment program in the world. Using an original panel database comprising the universe of Ethiopian woredas (districts), the study finds that horizontal (geographic) inequality decreased substantially. Donor-financed block grants to woredas increased the availability of primary education and health care services in the bottom 20 percent of woredas. Weaker evidence from household surveys suggests that vertical inequality across wealth groups (within woredas) also declined, implying that individuals from the poorest households benefit disproportionately from increasing access to and utilization of such services. The evidence suggests that by combining strong upward accountability over public investment with extensive citizen engagement on local issues, Ethiopia’s federal system resolves the instrumental dissonance posed by aid-funded programs to combat inequality in a federation.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/12/25666569/blending-top-down-federalism-bottom-up-engagement-reduce-inequality-ethiopia
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7511
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/23475
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 7511
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC OFFICIALS
dc.subjectBASIC SERVICES
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectCONTRACEPTION
dc.subjectSKILLED HEALTH PERSONNEL
dc.subjectPOLITICS
dc.subjectCIVIL SERVANTS
dc.subjectINFORMATION SYSTEM
dc.subjectANTENATAL CARE
dc.subjectLAWS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectSTRATEGIES
dc.subjectPOLITICIANS
dc.subjectETHNIC GROUPS
dc.subjectSERVICES
dc.subjectFEDERAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICES
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectGENDER PARITY
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectSOCIETAL GOALS
dc.subjectNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL LEADERSHIP
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT GOALS
dc.subjectSECONDARY ENROLMENT
dc.subjectCORRUPTION
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectRURAL POPULATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectTELEVISION
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE
dc.subjectMILITARY REGIME
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectSOCIAL IMPACT
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF HEALTH
dc.subjectCOLLUSION
dc.subjectGRASS-ROOTS
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
dc.subjectDEMOCRACY
dc.subjectCITIZEN
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE SERVICES
dc.subjectVIOLENCE
dc.subjectMODERNIZATION
dc.subjectORGANIZATIONS
dc.subjectCHRONIC POVERTY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectSERVICE PROVISION
dc.subjectMORTALITY RATE
dc.subjectCULTURAL CHANGE
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectGRASS- ROOTS
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectPLACE OF RESIDENCE
dc.subjectSTATE UNIVERSITY
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectRADIO
dc.subjectMODERN CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectGENDER PARITY INDEX
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subjectINITIATIVES
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINTEGRITY
dc.subjectINVESTMENT IN EDUCATION
dc.subjectMOTHER TONGUES
dc.subjectRURAL COMMUNITIES
dc.subjectACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectPOLICIES
dc.subjectTRANSPARENCY
dc.subjectDISCRETION
dc.subjectMODERN CONTRACEPTIVE USE
dc.subjectMATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectSCHOOL ATTENDANCE
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectBANK
dc.subjectNATIONAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectCOLLAPSE
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL AGE
dc.subjectBASIC INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectANTI-CORRUPTION
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectSKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS
dc.subjectCONTRACEPTIVE ACCEPTANCE
dc.subjectSKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE
dc.subjectGRAFT
dc.subjectPOLITICAL PARTY
dc.subjectFEDERAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectSERVICE QUALITY
dc.subjectSOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS
dc.subjectMOTHER
dc.subjectPOLICY
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL PARTIES
dc.subjectCONTRACEPTIVE USE
dc.subjectDEMOCRACIES
dc.subjectCHILD MORTALITY
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subjectRECIPIENT COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMATERNAL HEALTH
dc.subjectETHICS
dc.subjectCITIZENSHIP
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectWARS
dc.subjectCOMPLAINTS
dc.subjectLOCAL COMMUNITIES
dc.subjectWAR
dc.subjectMODERN CONTRACEPTION
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE
dc.subjectORGANIZATION
dc.subjectPATRONAGE
dc.subjectCONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subjectRULING PARTY
dc.subjectREPRESSION
dc.subjectBASIC SERVICE
dc.subjectHUMAN WELFARE
dc.subjectSOCIAL COHESION
dc.subjectPOPULATION
dc.subjectLAW
dc.subjectSTUDENTS
dc.subjectPRACTITIONERS
dc.subjectLEADERSHIP
dc.subjectMARRIED WOMEN
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectSTRATEGY
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectWOMEN
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
dc.subjectHUMAN SETTLEMENTS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL LEADERS
dc.subjectHEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectOFFICIAL POLICY
dc.subjectSERVICE
dc.subjectPOLITICAL INSTABILITY
dc.subjectRURAL WELFARE
dc.subjectSKILLED ATTENDANTS
dc.subjectSERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectSCHOOL AGE
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.titleBlending Top-Down Federalism with Bottom-Up Engagement to Reduce Inequality in Ethiopiaen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.associatedcontenthttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/29139 Accepted journal manuscript
okr.crossref.titleBlending Top-Down Federalism with Bottom-Up Engagement to Reduce Inequality in Ethiopia
okr.date.disclosure2015-12-11
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T11:58:49.971106Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/12/25666569/blending-top-down-federalism-bottom-up-engagement-reduce-inequality-ethiopia
okr.guid971991468180852923
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7511
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b083c4ac54_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum25666569
okr.identifier.reportWPS7511
okr.importedtrue
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/12/11/090224b083c4ac54/1_0/Rendered/PDF/Blending0top0d0equality0in0Ethiopia.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.countryEthiopia
okr.topicPublic Sector Development::Public Sector Corruption/Anticorruption Measures
okr.topicPublic Sector Development::Public Sector Management and Reform
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Subnational Economic Development
okr.topicGovernance::National Governance
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Social Protections & Assistance
okr.unitSocial Protection and Labor Global Practice Group
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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