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Trade Liberalization, Firm Performance, and Labor Market Outcomes in the Developing World : What Can We Learn from Micro-Level Data?

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dc.contributor.authorEpifani, Paolo
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-09T19:06:59Z
dc.date.available2014-05-09T19:06:59Z
dc.date.issued2003-05
dc.description.abstractreviews the micro-level evidence on the effects of trade and investment liberalization in the developing world. He focuses, in particular, on the effects of the 1991 trade reform in India since it provides an excellent controlled experiment in which the effects of a drastic trade regime change can be measured. His main findings are: 1) There is evidence of trade-induced productivity gains (in this respect, however, India is an exception. 2) These gains mainly stem from intra-industry reallocation of resources among firms with different productivity levels. 3) The gains are larger in import-competing sectors. 4) There is no evidence of significant scale efficiency gains. Unilateral trade liberalization is often associated with a reduced scale efficiency. 5) There is evidence of a pro-competitive effect of trade liberalization. 6) There is no evidence either of learning-by-exporting effects or of beneficial spillover effects from foreign-owned to local firms active in the same sectors. 7) There is evidence, however, of positive vertical spillovers from foreign direct investment. 8) There is evidence of skill upgrading induced either by technology imports or by trade-induced reallocations of market shares in favor of plants with higher skill-intensity. 9) There is no evidence of trade-induced increases in labor demand elasticities. But direct evidence suggests that trade exposure raises wage volatility. 10) There is no evidence of substantial employment contraction in import-competing sectors.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/05/2378823/trade-liberalization-firm-performance-labor-market-outcomes-developing-world-can-learn-micro-level-data
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-3063
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/18220
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 3063
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGGREGATE DEMAND
dc.subjectALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectAVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectBILATERAL TARIFF
dc.subjectCAPACITY BUILDING
dc.subjectCAPITAL GOODS
dc.subjectCAPITAL STOCK
dc.subjectCAPITAL-OUTPUT RATIO
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE MARKETS
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICES
dc.subjectDEMAND CURVE
dc.subjectDEMAND ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectDEMAND ELASTICITY
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectDIVISION OF LABOR
dc.subjectDOMESTIC FIRMS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC INDUSTRY
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRODUCERS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRODUCTION
dc.subjectDYNAMIC EFFECTS
dc.subjectELASTICITIES
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL STUDIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectEXPLOITATION
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectFIXED COSTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN COMPETITION
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN FIRMS
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN MARKET
dc.subjectFOREIGN MARKETS
dc.subjectFOREIGN STANDARDS
dc.subjectFOREIGN TARIFF
dc.subjectFREE ENTRY
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectFULL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectIMPACT OF TRADE
dc.subjectIMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectIMPERFECT COMPETITION
dc.subjectIMPORT COMPETITION
dc.subjectIMPORT PENETRATION
dc.subjectIMPORT-COMPETING SECTORS
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINCREASING COMPETITION
dc.subjectINCREASING RETURNS
dc.subjectINCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL EXPANSION
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL RESTRUCTURING
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINTERMEDIATE INPUTS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMPETITION
dc.subjectINVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE DIFFUSION
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET OUTCOMES
dc.subjectLOCAL FIRMS
dc.subjectMARGINAL COST
dc.subjectMARGINAL COSTS
dc.subjectMARGINAL REVENUE
dc.subjectMARKET POWER
dc.subjectMARKET SHARE
dc.subjectMARKET SHARES
dc.subjectMARKET STRUCTURE
dc.subjectMEASURE OF TRADE
dc.subjectNORMAL PROFITS
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPRICE INDEX
dc.subjectPRODUCERS
dc.subjectPRODUCTION FUNCTION
dc.subjectPRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPROFIT MAXIMIZATION
dc.subjectRATE OF INNOVATION
dc.subjectREDUCTION IN TARIFFS
dc.subjectRETURN ON CAPITAL
dc.subjectRETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectSCALE ECONOMIES
dc.subjectSCALE EFFECTS
dc.subjectSPECIALIZATION
dc.subjectSTATIC EFFECTS
dc.subjectTARIFF PROTECTION
dc.subjectTARIFF RATES
dc.subjectTARIFF REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL CHANGE
dc.subjectTECHNICAL PROGRESS
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS
dc.subjectTOTAL OUTPUT
dc.subjectTRADE
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectTRADE COSTS
dc.subjectTRADE EFFECTS
dc.subjectTRADE INTEGRATION
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZING
dc.subjectTRADE MODELS
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE PROTECTION
dc.subjectTRADE REFORM
dc.subjectTRADE REFORMS
dc.subjectTRADE REGIME
dc.subjectTRADE THEORY
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectUNILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectUTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subjectVALUE OF OUTPUT
dc.subjectWAGE INEQUALITY
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectSMALL & MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subjectINVESTMENT OPERATIONS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectREALLOCATION OF FUNDS
dc.subjectRESOURCES MOBILIZATION
dc.subjectRESOURCES UTILIZATION
dc.subjectIMPORT LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectSPILLOVER EFFECTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectLABOR DEMAND
dc.subjectELASTICITY OF DEMAND
dc.subjectWAGE RATE
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.titleTrade Liberalization, Firm Performance, and Labor Market Outcomes in the Developing World : What Can We Learn from Micro-Level Data?en
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaJobs
okr.crossref.titleTrade Liberalization, Firm Performance, and Labor Market Outcomes in the Developing World: What Can We Learn from Micro-Level Data?
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:50:38.001945Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/05/2378823/trade-liberalization-firm-performance-labor-market-outcomes-developing-world-can-learn-micro-level-data
okr.globalpracticeSocial Protection and Labor
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.guid976201468739506567
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-3063
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000094946_03061204065028
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum2378823
okr.identifier.reportWPS3063
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2003/06/21/000094946_03061204065028/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdfen
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade and Regional Integration
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade Policy
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Free Trade
okr.topicPayment Systems and Infrastructure
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.unitTrade, Development Research Group
okr.volume1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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