Person:
Balwanz, David
Author Name Variants
Fields of Specialization
Basic and secondary education; international education policy and planning; education finance; program design; research and evaluation; Africa
Degrees
Externally Hosted Work
Contact Information
Last updated
January 31, 2023
Biography
David Balwanz is an independent education consultant based in South Africa specializing in program design and implementation, evaluation, and research on basic and secondary education and skills development. David’s experience includes work with the World Bank, DfID, USAID, the Global Partnership for Education, the Global Campaign for Education and AED / FHI360 on education programs in several countries, including Afghanistan, Jordan, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, South Sudan, and Zambia. David’s current work and research explore the issue of secondary education and expansion in sub-Saharan Africa with a focus on reform in South Africa, the relationship between education, work and society, issues of marginalization and inequality, and local perspectives, expectations and re-imaginings of academic and vocational secondary education. His work with the Centre for Education Rights and Transformation at the University of Johannesburg explores similar terrain at FET Colleges and Public Adult Learning Centres in South Africa. David is a member of the Comparative and International Education Society and a Fulbright Scholar. Prior to transitioning to international education, David worked with the Clinton Global Initiative University, managed service and service-learning programs at City Year Rhode Island, taught secondary school science as a Peace Corps Volunteer in Malawi and worked with the Undergraduate Leadership Program at Northwestern University. David claims to be an avid rower and footballer.
Publication Search Results
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Publication
Basic Education beyond the Millennium Development Goals in Ghana : How Equity in Service Delivery Affects Educational and Learning Outcomes
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2014)Inequity is the central challenge facing basic education in Ghana and undercuts the potential contribution of basic education to Ghana’s national development goals. Persistent disparities in education service delivery and inequitable allocation of resources in Ghana lead to highly inequitable educational outcomes. These inequities negatively affect system quality, efficiency and accountability and ultimately undermine broader national development. Wide-spread inequity in education service delivery significantly depresses system learning outcomes. This report describes a “missing middle” in terms of learning outcomes: While a small number of children perform well, the majority of pupils (more than 60%) pass through primary school without becoming proficient in numeracy and literacy. Specifically, children from Ghana’s northern regions and deprived districts, poor and rural households and ethnic and linguistic minorities – students who require the most support to meet learning outcomes – receive, on average, disproportionately fewer resources from the government than their peers. Systemic inequities create this missing middle and drag down system performance. Following a decade of rapid change, as of 2013, more children are attending basic and senior high schools than at any time in the history of Ghana. In the past decade, Ghana has realized great growth, progress and change. Population growth, urbanization and significant GDP growth have changed the economic, political and social landscape of Ghana. In the past decade, incidence of extreme poverty has been cut in half. Introduction of Free, Compulsory, Universal Basic Education (FCUBE) and kindergarten has supported a near doubling of basic education enrollment in the past 15 years. Delivering basic education and ensuring equity has become more challenging. Compared to a decade ago, more stakeholders are involved in allocating and managing core education inputs and accountability systems remain unclear and weak. Addressing the deeply embedded inequities (e.g. allocation of trained teachers, support to deprived districts and populations) is further complicated by a complex and fragmented policy, management and financing environment. The persistence of inequity reflects the persistence of conflicting sector interests and poses genuine policy dilemmas. However, recent experience shows that accelerating progress toward equity and quality basic education for all is possible. Several recent initiatives in Ghana point to the possibility of improving equitable resource allocation, strengthening social protection and providing additional support to improve learning outcomes. For example, children with below-average learning outcomes in poorly resourced environments are likely to show measurable gains when provided additional support (e.g. instructional support, learning resources, management support, demand-side incentives).