Person:
Isser, Deborah H.

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Governance, Justice, Political Economy
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Last updated: March 5, 2024
Biography
Deborah Isser is Lead Governance Specialist at the World Bank. Her focus is on the political economy of development and institutions that deliver basic services, justice and security. She has led operations and analytical work in over fifteen countries in Africa, East Asia Pacific and the Middle East. She is co-author of the World Development Report 2017, Governance and the Law, and was program manager of the Justice for the Poor program, and focal point for fragile and conflict-affected states. Previously, she worked at the United States Institute of Peace, directing projects on legal pluralism and land conflict. She was senior policy adviser at the Office of the High Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and special adviser on peacekeeping at the United States Mission to the United Nations. She is the editor and author of several reports, articles and book chapters on law, justice and development. She is adjunct faculty at Georgetown and George Washington Law Schools. She received degrees from Harvard Law School, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy and Columbia University and was judicial clerk to The Honorable Justice Dalia Dorner of the Supreme Court of Israel.

Publication Search Results

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Publication
    Governance in Sub-Saharan Africa in the 21st Century: Four Trends and an Uncertain Outlook
    (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-03-04) Isser, Deborah H.; Raballand, Gaël; Watts, Michael John
    What can be learned from the governance trajectory of African countries since the beginning of the 21st century What is the quality of governance on the African continent and how does it shape development The first decade of the millennium saw promising growth and poverty reduction in much of the continent. Yet, Sub-Saharan Africa has also been the stage of a stream of governance reform failures and policy reversals, and many countries continue to suffer from the consequences of poor governance. This paper explores the dynamics of governance reform on the continent over the past two decades and points to four key trends. First, effective state institutions, capable of maintaining peace, fostering growth, and delivering services, have developed unevenly. Second, progress has been made on enhancing the inclusiveness and accountability of institutions, but it remains constrained by the weakness of checks and balances and the persistence of patterns of centralized and exclusive power arrangements. Third, civic capacity has risen considerably, but the inability of institutions to respond to social expectations and political mobilization threatens to turn liberal civic engagement into distrust, populism, and radicalization. Fourth, the combination of these three trends contributes to the rise of political instability, which constitutes a major threat for the continent.
  • Publication
    Social Contracts for Development: Bargaining, Contention, and Social Inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa
    (Washington, DC: World Bank and Paris: Agence française de développement, 2021-12-22) Watts, Michael; Cloutier, Mathieu; Harborne, Bernard; Isser, Deborah; Santos, Indhira
    Sub-Saharan Africa has achieved significant gains in reducing the levels of extreme poverty in recent decades, yet the region continues to experience challenges across the development indicators, including energy access, literacy, delivery of services and goods, and jobs skills, as well as low levels of foreign direct investment. Exacerbating the difficulties faced by many countries are the sequelae of conflict, such as internal displacement and refugee migration. Social Contracts for Development: Bargaining, Contention, and Social Inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa builds on recent World Bank attention to the real-life social and political economy factors that underlie the power dynamic and determine the selection and implementation of policies. Applying a social contract approach to development policy, the authors provide a framework and proposals on how to measure such a framework to strengthen policy and operational engagements in the region. The key message is that Africa’s progress toward shared prosperity requires looking beyond technical policies to understand how the power dynamics and citizen-state relations shape the menu of implementable reforms. A social contract lens can help diagnose constraints, explain outbreaks of unrest, and identify opportunities for improving outcomes. Social contract assessments can leverage the research on the nexus of politics, power relations, and development outcomes, while bringing into focus the instruments that underpin state-society relations and foster citizen voice. Social contracts also speak directly to many contemporary development trends, such as the policy-implementation gap, the diagnostic of binding constraints to development, fragility and conflict, taxation and service delivery, and social protection. The authors argue that policies that reflect the demands and expectations of the people lead to more stable and equitable outcomes than those that do not. Their focus is on how social contracts are forged in the region, how they change and why, and how a better understanding of social contracts can inform reform efforts. The analysis includes the additional impact of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic on government-citizen relationships.
  • Publication
    Toward More Effective and Legitimate Institutions to Handle Problems of Justice in Solomon Islands
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015-03) Porter, Douglas; Isser, Deborah; Venning, Philippa
    This policy note summarizes key lessons and conclusions from the World Bank's engagement in Solomon Islands under the justice for the poor program, which has been active in that country since 2009. It interprets what has been learned in connection with a question posed at the start of this program: what can be done to support more effective and legitimate institutions to handle problems of justice in Solomon Islands?. To answer this question, the note is organized around a set of three questions. First, what are Solomon Islanders' main justice concerns? Second, how are these concerns being handled today, to what extent are people satisfied, and why? Third, what can Solomon Islanders and their development partners do to improve justice outcomes? This note is an effort to shift the standard discourse on building justice institutions to a problem driven approach that seeks to grapple with the contextual peculiarities of Solomon Islands. The approach, which this note aims to illustrate, begins with an assessment of how problems are experienced by citizens and then examines how these issues are being handled by public authorities, whether secular, religious, chiefly, or kastom in nature. It then considers the conditions under which these authorities may work differently and also the likelihood that powerful players and citizens will invest in the forms of institutions needed to incrementally, but appreciably, deliver better results.
  • Publication
    Four Cardinal Questions (and Answers of a Sort): Toward Just Development in FCS
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2014-01) Berg, Louis-Alexandre; Isser, Deborah; Porter, Doug
    Justice and the rule of law are regularly cited as fundamental to addressing so many development challenges: poor investment climate, conflict and insecurity, gender inequality, poverty, and low human development outcomes. The role of justice institutions in underpinning development has especially come to the fore in fragile and conflict-affected situations. The authors suggest that there is quite a lot, but it requires starting with different questions. Drawing from the Bank’s justice strategy new directions in justice Reform and the experience in the justice for the poor program, especially in fragile and conflict-affected situations, the authors have distilled an answer, or rather a process. Four simple questions to guide toward the not so simple path of promoting just development are: question 1: what is the justice problem?; question 2: how is the justice problem being managed?; question 3: under what conditions will more effective and legitimate institutions to manage the justice problem emerge?; and question 4: what is the appropriate role for external assistance?