Person: Arai, Yuko
Social, Urban, Rural, and Resilience Global Practice
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Okazawa, Yuko, Arai, Yuko
Fields of Specialization
Urban development, Spatial planning, Land use, City planning systems
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Social, Urban, Rural, and Resilience Global Practice
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Last updated:July 12, 2024
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Publication Silver Hues: Building Age-Ready Cities - EAP Regional Paper(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2023-10-24) Khan, Ibrahim Ali; Arai, YukoFour major trends are shaping our world: demographic transition, urban expansion, technological advancement, and frequent shocks from health and climate emergencies. Among the demographic shifts, aging is particularly significant as life expectancy increases, and fertility rates decline. Additionally, the increasing urbanization of the world, with two-thirds of the population projected to live in cities by 2050, exacerbates the impact of aging on urban areas. Furthermore, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, characterized by widespread integration of information, communication, and technology into our daily lives, has a crucial role in the future of development. Lastly, the simultaneous occurrence of these trends, such as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic and growing natural disasters, is having a significant impact on cities, countries, and regions. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) call for the creation of inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable cities. The World Bank report, “Silver Hues: Building Age-Ready Cities,” maps global trends and their implications for urban areas and aligns with SDG Goal 11 “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” and the “United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021-2030)”. It provides guidance for city governments on how to create age-ready cities, filling a gap in the policy research on aging in urban areas. This note has been curated from the Silver Hues report. It summarizes the report’s key analysis, insights and findings and is tailored for audiences interested in the East Asia Pacific (EAP) region.Publication Silver Hues: Building Age-Ready Cities(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022) Das, Maitreyi Bordia; Arai, Yuko; Chapman, Terri B.; Jain, VibhuCities and countries the world over are at the cusp of epochal global trends whose impacts are likely to be more intense and more far-reaching than those of similar trends in the past. The simultaneity of the demographic transition, deepening urbanization, a technological revolution, frequent shocks brought on by health and climate emergencies, mean that one will need to plan for an older and more urban future. This report is intended as a policy document that helps articulate the idea of age-readiness while building on the idea of age-friendliness. It highlights the varied trajectories of aging and urbanization and draws on the experiences of older and more urban countries to show how others can become age-ready. It is intended for cities and towns as they prepare for an older urban age, offering examples and options to help younger cities visualize age-readiness while focusing primarily on the built urban environment. Its main audience is intended to be policymakers, city leaders, and implementing agencies, but it is also expected be useful to researchers, nongovernmental organizations, the private sector, and communities.Publication The Development Story of Toyama: Reshaping Compact and Livable Cities(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-12-01) Levine, Daniel; Arai, Yuko; Miki-Imoto, Haruka; Yamazaki, MitsuhiroToyama City, one of the World Bank TDLC City Partnership Program cities, has become synonymous with the idea of a compact and livable city in Japan. It is a pleasant regional city with a population of about 420,000, situated in a dramatic landscape between the steep Tateyama mountain range on the east and deep Toyama Bay on the north side. The city has been consistently ranked among the best cities to live within the Hokuriku region. This report illustrates the compact city development in the city, along with series of cross-sectoral case studies on disaster risk management, waste management, inclusive community engagement, and a comprehensive resilient city approach.Publication Case Study on Tokyo Metropolitan Region, Japan(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019-06) Research Institute of Urban and Environmental Development; Jain, Vibhu; Okazawa, YukoJapan entered its period of rapid economic growth in the late 1950s, and for half a century since then, the concentration of population, industries, and other functions in three major metropolitan areas, particularly in Tokyo, was remarkably intense. For the well-balanced development of Greater Tokyo metropolitan area, comprising Tokyo and seven prefectures, the National capital region development plan (NCRDP) was formulated in 1958 under the National region development act 1956. The concept of the plan was to conserve green spaces that embraces the healthy natural environment as well as to carry out the comprehensive development of the Tokyo Metropolis and the surrounding regions as an integrated capital region in order to build a capital region that is suitable for the center of politics, economy and culture. At present, Japan is entering an era of substantial decline and aging of the population decline, which requires to reexamine all plans and policies for reconstructing the society. It is therefore of great importance to reorganize town areas in a compact form, to respond to the problems of uninhabited or abandoned land and dwellings, as well as to strategically manage and renew social capital.Publication Case Study on Territorial Development in Japan(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019-06) Jain, Vibhu; Okazawa, YukoWord War second left Japan crippled, affecting its economy, governance, demography, settlements, social well-being, and others. However, Japan used this as an opportunity to restructure itself to become a progressive, balanced, and well-rounded country. Spatial or territorial development is critical to national economic transformation. It is supported by and simultaneously impacts economic, social, demographic, institutional, and administrative reforms. Based on lessons from a wide range of international experiences, three key agendas arise as key to effective territorial development: (a) concentration: create generic capital for an uncertain future economy, (b) connectivity: connect markets nationally and internationally, and (c) convergence: ensure decent living standards everywhere. Japan has followed a virtuous path of quite intense concentration, with early investment in strong connectivity between places, and in high living standards and human capital investments everywhere. At present, Japan is entering an era of substantial decline and aging of the population, which requires reexamining of all the plans and policies for reconstructing the society. Looking forward, Japan’s declining, and aging population, in fact raises the importance of allowing concentration in a few dynamic, high-amenity, places that can be serviced efficiently, rather than trying to spread a dwindling population across the country.