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Park, Hogeun

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Last updated: April 30, 2025
Biography
Hogeun Park is an Urban Specialist with the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region of the World Bank’s Urban, Disaster Risk Management, Resilience, and Land Global Practice. His work focuses on the intersection of urban planning and spatial analytics, which enabled him to deliver the projects with empirical and rigorous evidence. Prior to joining the Bank, hogeun was a Big Pixel postdoctoral fellow at UC San Diego. He has published widely in leading peer-reviewed journals on urban development, spatial analytics, and remote sensing. He completed his PhD in Planning from Michigan State University with a fellowship from the Korean government.

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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Combating Heat in Cities: Operationalizing the Urban Heat Agenda at the World Bank
    (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-25) Lee, Hyunji; Hasoloan, Jonathan; Park, Hogeun; Chapman, Terri B.; Siri, José
    This report stems from growing concern about the threat of extreme heat in urban settings and its adverse impacts on health. The team made use of the TIP—that is, the targeted, integrated, and prepared—framework, introduced in the recent "Healthy Cities" report (Lee et al. 2023), to help World Bank task teams explore pathways toward urban heat investments. This study gathered city responses and investigated existing World Bank initiatives to gain an understanding of what had already been done and the potential for future action. The main part of this report reviews the GPURL portfolio from 2012 to 2022, illustrating a spectrum of relevant heat interventions. Recommendations built on these findings highlight opportunities to operationalize urban heat in World Bank investments.
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    Future Amman Positioned at a Juncture: Three Strategies Toward Climate-Smart Spatial Transformation
    (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-06-12) Kaw, Jon Kher; Park, Hogeun; Edilbi, Ban
    In "Future Amman Positioned at a Juncture: Three Strategies Toward Climate-Smart Spatial Transformation," the intricate dynamics of Amman's urban landscape are meticulously studied to offer a comprehensive roadmap toward spatial transformation. With a focus on growth dynamics, resource allocation, asset management, and planning reforms, the book lays out three strategies crucial for Amman's future development. Strategy 1 delves into the necessity of leveraging spatial planning to manage growth effectively and foster synergies across various sectors. Strategy 2 emphasizes the urgency of strategic sequencing and prioritization of actions to optimize limited resources within Amman's evolving landscape. Finally, Strategy 3 underscores the untapped potential of Amman's public land assets and enterprises in driving economic development and sustainable land value capture. Through insightful analysis and pragmatic recommendations, the publication offers a compelling narrative for policymakers, urban planners, and stakeholders invested in shaping Amman's future as a vibrant, inclusive, and resilient city.
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    Transit-Oriented Neighborhoods in Amman: Neighborhood Selection, Analysis, and Urban Design
    (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-07-11) Vallejo, Jose Luis; Tato, Belinda; Rizzetto, Marco; Kaw, Jon Kher; Park, Hogeun; Edilbi, Ban
    This synthesis report examines the potential for urban design solutions to facilitate transit-oriented development (TOD) and enhance first-last mile connectivity in selected neighborhoods in Amman, leveraging municipal lands and assets, and through innovative use of public space enhancements across various scales to address neighborhood livability, inclusion and safety; greenery and urban heat islands; and access to public transit nodes, jobs and services.
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    Power in Perseverance: Understanding the Journey of Women Entrepreneurs in Yemen
    (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-06-03) John, Aparna; Constant, Samantha M.; Aghajanian, Alia; Park, Hogeun
    In Yemen, women and girls face multiple obstacles that hinder progress toward gender equality and limit their economic participation. The ongoing conflict has devastated the lives, health, and economic prospects of ordinary Yemenis, and deepened vulnerabilities, especially for women and girls. However, global experience has shown that women often take on the role of head of household and actively participate in income-generating activities during times of crisis. A similar trend has reportedly been seen in Yemen, with women starting new businesses since the start of the conflict and having more say in household decision making. Despite this, Yemeni women still face societal expectations and restrictive norms that limit their mobility and interactions in public life. This study analyzes factors that enable or constrain Yemeni women to participate in economic activities during a period of protracted conflict. The study uses in-depth interviews and photo documentary to portray the journeys of 24 female entrepreneurs from four governorates in Yemen who have persevered with their businesses. The team subsequently coded and analyzed all interviews to search for common themes and emerging patterns. The study focuses on a niche group of women who have started enterprises in a country where the female labor force participation is low. The study uncovers critical insights into understanding their needs and aspirations to pave an enabling environment. This study, while small, can be used to inform findings relevant to (i) this group of women, (ii) other women living in other parts of Yemen, (iii) other women living in similar contexts of protracted conflict, and (iv) generations of women to come in these contexts. The study found that interviewed female entrepreneurs face a web of intertwined factors that act as facilitators and barriers at the individual and household, enterprise and market, formal institutions, and informal institutions levels.
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    When the Lights Go Out: The Economic Impacts of Covid-19 on Cities Globally
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022-09) Khan, Amjad Muhammad; Park, Hogeun; Roberts, Mark; Wibisana, Putu Sanjiwacika
    This paper uses high-frequency nighttime time lights data to estimate the impacts of the Covid-19 crisis on economic activity during the first year of the pandemic for a global sample of 2,800 cities, covering a total population of 2.5 billion people. Activity is found to be negatively affected by both the spread of the virus and the imposition of nonpharmaceutical interventions, but the negative impacts of the spread are large compared to those of nonpharmaceutical interventions. Large differences in city trajectories are also observed. Cities in low- and middle-income countries faced a significantly larger overall loss of economic activity compared to those in high-income countries. Additionally, cities with higher population densities are found to be more resilient in the face of the global shock as compared to less dense ones, but this difference is only observed in low- and middle-income countries. Taken together, the findings suggest that the Covid-19 crisis gave rise to divergence in urban economic trajectories, both across and within countries.
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    Geography, Institutions, and Global Cropland Dynamics
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022-06) Park, Hogeun; Selod, Harris; Murray, Siobhan; Chellaraj, Gnanaraj
    The paper studies the dynamics of agricultural land use at the global scale as measured from space using satellite imagery between 2003 and 2018. It shows large global movements in and out of cropland and correlates these movements with biophysical, economic, and institutional variables. The empirical identification of these effects relies on a two-stage approach that disentangles the effect of local geography from national-level characteristics. The paper finds that weak land governance, inequality, and pressure on land resources contribute to land degradation but are less able to explain movements into cropland which could more likely reflect national policies.
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    Pancakes to Pyramids: City Form to Promote Sustainable Growth
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-05-31) Lall, Somik; Lebrand, Mathilde; Park, Hogeun; Sturm, Daniel; Venables, Anthony; Lebrand, Mathilda
    Towns and cities are economic and social microcosms in which large numbers of people and firms interact. These interactions largely shape how a city looks, how it functions, and how it grows. But how exactly does this many-sided relationship work? What are the specific drivers of urban economic and spatial development? Pancakes to Pyramids brings us closer to answering these questions, beginning with an idealized contrast between two patterns of urban spatial growth. Pancakes are cities that grow outward and remain relatively low-built. Pyramids are cities that grow partly outward, but also partly inward and upward, filling vacant parcels and adding height to central districts to increase economic and residential densities. Both types of density can help cities overcome the challenges that come with population growth, and most urgently, evolving from a pancake into a pyramid, creating a platform with more options for controlling greenhouse gas emissions. This report draws on new evidence, econometric analysis, and predictive modeling to relate the economic growth of cities to their past spatial evolution, and to the possibility and conditions for future pyramidal growth.