Publication:
Estimating the Poverty Impacts of Trade Liberalization

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dc.contributor.authorReimer, Jeffrey J.
dc.date.accessioned2013-09-04T19:41:40Z
dc.date.available2013-09-04T19:41:40Z
dc.date.issued2002-02
dc.description.abstractAs a new round of World Trade Organization negotiations is being launched with greater emphasis on developing country participation, a body of literature is emerging which quantifies how international trade affects the poor in developing countries. In this survey of the literature, the author summarizes and classifies 35 trade and poverty studies into four methodological categories; cross-country regression, partial-equilibrium and cost-of-living analysis, general-equilibrium simulation, and micro-macro synthesis. These categories include a broad range of methodologies in current use. The continuum of approaches is bounded on one end by econometric analysis of household expenditure data, which is the traditional domain of poverty specialists, and sometimes labeled the "bottoms-up" approach. On the other end of the continuum are computable general equilibrium models based on national accounts data, or what might be called the "top-down" approach. Another feature of several recent trade and poverty studies--and one of the primary conclusions to emerge from the October 2000 "Conference on Poverty and the International Economy," sponsored by Globkom and the World Bank--is the recognition that factor markets are perhaps the most important link between trade and poverty, since households tend to be much more specialized in income than they are in consumption. Meanwhile, survet data on the income sources of developing country households has become increasingly available. As a result, this survey gives particular emphasis to the means by which studies address factor market links between trade and poverty. The general conclusion of the author's survey is that any analysis of trade and poverty needs to be informed by both the bottom-up and top-down perspectives. Indeed, recent "two-step" micro-macro studies sequentially link these two types of frameworks, such that general equilibrium mechanisms are incorporated along with detailed household survey information. Another methodology in a similar spirit and also increasingly used involves incorporating large numbers of surveyed households into a general-equilibrium simulation model. Although most of these studies have so far been limited to a single region, these approaches can be readily adapted for multi-region modeling so that trade and poverty comparisons can be made across countries within a consistent framework.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/02/1717451/estimating-poverty-impacts-trade-liberalization
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2790
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/15611
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 2790
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLITERATURE SURVEYS
dc.subjectCROSS-COUNTRY EXPERIENCE
dc.subjectREGRESSION ANALYSIS
dc.subjectCOST OF LIVING
dc.subjectECONOMETRIC MODELS OF POVERTY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE SURVEYS
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS
dc.subjectNATIONAL ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectFACTOR MARKETS
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASUREMENT
dc.subjectSURVEY DATA
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectPOVERTY ANALYSIS ABSOLUTE POVERTY
dc.subjectADJUSTMENT COST
dc.subjectADJUSTMENT COSTS
dc.subjectADVERSE IMPACT
dc.subjectAGGREGATE LEVEL
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectCASE STUDY
dc.subjectCOMMODITIES
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCONSTANT ELASTICITY
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION DATA
dc.subjectCROSS- COUNTRY REGRESSION
dc.subjectCROSS-COUNTRY REGRESSION
dc.subjectDATA REQUIREMENTS
dc.subjectDATA SET
dc.subjectDATA SOURCES
dc.subjectDEMAND CURVE
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRY
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRY CONTEXT
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS
dc.subjectDIVIDENDS
dc.subjectECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC SHOCKS
dc.subjectECONOMIC STRUCTURE
dc.subjectECONOMISTS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL RESULTS
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL STUDIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENDOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM VALUES
dc.subjectEXOGENOUS SHOCKS
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE DATA
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE INFORMATION
dc.subjectEXTERNAL SHOCKS
dc.subjectFACTOR INCOME
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectFUNCTIONAL FORM
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
dc.subjectGLOBAL TRADE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME EFFECT
dc.subjectINCOME HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINCOME INFORMATION
dc.subjectINCOME LEVEL
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINCOME SHARE
dc.subjectINCOME SOURCES
dc.subjectINCOMES
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL LEVEL
dc.subjectINEQUALITY VARIABLES
dc.subjectINFORMAL ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTORS
dc.subjectINTERMEDIATE INPUTS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLABOR DEMAND
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLOW INCOME
dc.subjectMARKET LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectMEASURING POVERTY
dc.subjectMETHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES
dc.subjectMULTIPLIERS
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectNON-AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectPOLICY ANALYSIS
dc.subjectPOLICY OPTIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOSITIVE EFFECT
dc.subjectPOVERTY ALLEVIATION
dc.subjectPOVERTY COMPARISONS
dc.subjectPOVERTY INCREASES
dc.subjectPOVERTY INDEX
dc.subjectPOVERTY ISSUES
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASURES
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRICE CHANGES
dc.subjectPRODUCERS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVE ACTIVITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectREAL WAGE
dc.subjectREDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectREGRESSION ANALYSIS
dc.subjectREGRESSION APPROACH
dc.subjectREGRESSION RESULTS
dc.subjectRELATIVE IMPACT
dc.subjectRELATIVE IMPORTANCE
dc.subjectRELATIVE INCOME
dc.subjectRELATIVE PRICES
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL POOR
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
dc.subjectSHARECROPPING
dc.subjectSTATISTICAL ANALYSIS
dc.subjectSUBSISTENCE FARMERS
dc.subjectTERMS OF TRADE
dc.subjectTIME FRAME
dc.subjectTRADE BALANCE
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE TAXES
dc.subjectURBAN
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN ONES
dc.subjectURBAN POOR
dc.subjectWAGE RATES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWEALTH
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectWTO
dc.titleEstimating the Poverty Impacts of Trade Liberalizationen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaJobs
okr.crossref.titleEstimating the Poverty Impacts of Trade Liberalization
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T09:53:14.700243Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/02/1717451/estimating-poverty-impacts-trade-liberalization
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.globalpracticeSocial Protection and Labor
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.guid686121468739152557
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-2790
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000094946_0203070403338
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum1717451
okr.identifier.reportWPS2790
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2002/03/22/000094946_0203070403338/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdfen
okr.themeSocial protection and risk management :: Social safety nets
okr.themeSocial protection and risk management :: Other social protection and risk management
okr.themeTrade and integration :: Other trade and integration
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicHealth Economics and Finance
okr.topicPayment Systems and Infrastructure
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Poverty Assessment
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Inequality
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Free Trade
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Poverty and Trade
okr.unitOff of Sr VP Dev Econ/Chief Econ (DECVP)
okr.volume1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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