Publication:
Implications of WTO Agreements and Unilateral Trade Policy Reforms for Poverty in Bangladesh : Short versus Long-Run Impacts

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dc.contributor.authorAnnabi, Nabil
dc.contributor.authorKhondker, Bazlul
dc.contributor.authorRaihan, Selim
dc.contributor.authorCockburn, John
dc.contributor.authorDecaluwe, Bernard
dc.date.accessioned2012-06-18T21:33:22Z
dc.date.available2012-06-18T21:33:22Z
dc.date.issued2006-08
dc.description.abstractThe authors examine the effects of WTO agreements and domestic trade policy reforms on production, welfare, and poverty in Bangladesh. They use a sequential dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, which takes into account accumulation effects, allowing for long-run analysis. The study is based on the 2000 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) of Bangladesh including 15 production sectors, four factors of production (skilled and unskilled labor, agricultural and nonagricultural capital), and nine household groups (five in rural areas and four in urban areas). To examine the link between the macroeconomic effects and microeconomic effects in terms of poverty, the authors use the representative household approach with actual intra-group income distributions. The study presents five simulations for which the major findings are: (1) The Doha scenario has negative implications for the overall macroeconomy, household welfare, and poverty in Bangladesh. Terms of trade deteriorate and consumer prices, particularly food prices, increase more than nominal incomes, especially among poor households. (2) Free world trade has similar, but larger, impacts. (3) Domestic trade liberalization induces an expansion of agricultural and light manufacturing sectors, favorable changes in the domestic terms of trade. Although the short-run welfare and poverty impacts are negative, these turn positive in the long run when capital has adjusted through new investments. Rising unskilled wage rates make the poorest households the biggest winners in terms of welfare and poverty reduction. (4) Domestic liberalization effects far outweigh those of free world trade when these scenarios are combined. (5) Remittances constitute a powerful poverty-reducing tool given their greater importance in the income of the poor.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/08/6951154/implications-wto-agreements-unilateral-trade-policy-reforms-poverty-bangladesh-short-versus-long-run-impacts
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-3976
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8370
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 3976
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCUMULATION RATE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRICES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTORS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TRADE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectAVERAGE TARIFF
dc.subjectBASKET OF GOODS
dc.subjectCAPITAL ACCUMULATION
dc.subjectCAPITAL INCREASE
dc.subjectCAPITAL STOCK
dc.subjectCHANGES IN POVERTY
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL CROPS
dc.subjectCONSTANT ELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATION
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICE
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICE INDEX
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICE INDICES
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICES
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION LEVELS
dc.subjectCOST OF LIVING
dc.subjectCOTTON PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCOUNTERFACTUAL
dc.subjectCURRENCY
dc.subjectCURRENT ACCOUNT
dc.subjectCURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEMAND CURVE
dc.subjectDEMAND FUNCTION
dc.subjectDEVALUATION
dc.subjectDIVIDENDS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC DEMAND
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRICE OF IMPORTS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRICES
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectENDOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE REGIME
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE
dc.subjectEXPORT GROWTH
dc.subjectEXPORT MARKET
dc.subjectEXPORT ORIENTATION
dc.subjectEXPORT PRICES
dc.subjectEXPORT SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectEXPORT TAXES
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TRADE
dc.subjectFACTOR MARKETS
dc.subjectFACTORS OF PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFOOD GRAINS
dc.subjectFOOD PRICES
dc.subjectFOOD PROCESSING
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectFULL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectFULL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectGLOBAL FREE TRADE
dc.subjectGLOBAL TRADE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD HEAD
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectIMPERFECT SUBSTITUTES
dc.subjectIMPORT COMPETITION
dc.subjectIMPORT DUTY
dc.subjectIMPORT PENETRATION
dc.subjectIMPORT PRICES
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME EFFECTS
dc.subjectINCOME GAINS
dc.subjectINCOME SHARES
dc.subjectINCOME TAXES
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINTENSIVE AGRICULTURE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKET
dc.subjectLANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectLOST TARIFF REVENUES
dc.subjectMARKETING
dc.subjectNATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectNOMINAL INCOME
dc.subjectOPTIMIZATION
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOORER HOUSEHOLD
dc.subjectPOORER HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOSITIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectPOVERTY ANALYSIS
dc.subjectPOVERTY GAP
dc.subjectPOVERTY IMPACT
dc.subjectPOVERTY INDICES
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINES
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASURES
dc.subjectPOVERTY PROFILE
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATES
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRICE INCREASES
dc.subjectQUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS
dc.subjectREAL GDP
dc.subjectREAL INTEREST RATE
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL INCOMES
dc.subjectSALES
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSMALL FARMER
dc.subjectSMALL FARMERS
dc.subjectSTOCKS
dc.subjectSUBSTITUTE
dc.subjectSUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectTARIFF RATE
dc.subjectTARIFF RATES
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
dc.subjectTERMS OF TRADE
dc.subjectTEXTILE IMPORTS
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE MODELS
dc.subjectTRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRANSFERS
dc.subjectUNILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectUNILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectUNILATERAL TRADE POLICY
dc.subjectUNSKILLED LABOR
dc.subjectUNSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectURUGUAY ROUND
dc.subjectUTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED
dc.subjectWAGE RATES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectWELFARE IMPACTS
dc.subjectWELFARE LOSSES
dc.subjectWORLD MARKET
dc.subjectWORLD PRICES
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.subjectWTO
dc.titleImplications of WTO Agreements and Unilateral Trade Policy Reforms for Poverty in Bangladesh : Short versus Long-Run Impactsen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleImplications Of WTO Agreements And Unilateral Trade Policy Reforms For Poverty In Bangladesh : Short Versus Long-Run Impacts
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:44:25.289641Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/08/6951154/implications-wto-agreements-unilateral-trade-policy-reforms-poverty-bangladesh-short-versus-long-run-impacts
okr.globalpracticeMacroeconomics and Fiscal Management
okr.globalpracticeSocial, Urban, Rural and Resilience
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.guid300831468002182840
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-3976
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000016406_20060726160816
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum6951154
okr.identifier.reportWPS3976
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2006/07/26/000016406_20060726160816/Rendered/PDF/wps3976.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeSouth Asia
okr.region.countryBangladesh
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Markets and Market Access
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Rural Poverty Reduction
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Free Trade
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade
okr.topicRural Development
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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