World Bank2012-08-132012-08-132003-10https://hdl.handle.net/10986/9718The epidemic spread of HIV/AIDS has been ferocious, posing a great threat, not only to public health, but to social sectors, and to development itself, while the fiscal cost of HIV/AIDS is significant as well. A set of effective prevention interventions include: changing behavior through communication; making the use of condoms, diagnosis, and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, including counseling and testing, available and affordable; ensuring a safe blood supply; and, preventing parent-to-child transmission. In addition, countries should consider implementing programs to provide cost-effective management of common opportunistic infections. Similarly, community-based, and home-based care should be made available, in addition to traditional hospital care, particularly in countries with a generalized epidemic. Lessons convey the vital need for early action, supported by community participation, targeting the most vulnerable, and prioritizing interventions, while governments should be committed to its prevention, control, and funding. Additionally, nongovernmental organizations' participation plays a decisive role against the epidemic spread, in their capacity for social mobilization, and in reaching marginal groups.CC BY 3.0 IGOACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMEHUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSESEPIDEMICSPUBLIC HEALTH SURVEILLANCESOCIAL CONDITIONSDEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTSVIRAL VACCINESDISEASE PREVENTION & CONTROLCOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENTCOMMUNICABLE DISEASESINFECTIONSCONDOM PROMOTIONCOUNSELINGTESTINGDISEASE TRANSMISSIONCOMMUNITY PARTICIPATIONVULNERABLE GROUPSGOVERNMENT COMMITMENTSFUNDING CAPACITYNONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIESMONITORING & EVALUATIONAGEDAIDS EPIDEMICAIDS ORPHANSAIDS PATIENTAIDS TREATMENTANTENATAL CLINICANTIBODYBABIESBEHAVIOR CHANGEBLOOD DONORSBLOOD PRODUCTSBLOOD SAFETYBLOOD SUPPLYBLOOD TRANSFUSIONSBREASTFEEDINGCASE MANAGEMENTCLINICSCOMMERCIAL SEXCOMMERCIAL SEX WORKERSCONDOMCONDOM AVAILABILITYCONDOM PROMOTIONCONDOM USECONDOMSDEBT RELIEFDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDISCRIMINATIONDISCRIMINATORY PRACTICESDISEASEDISSEMINATIONDRUG ABUSEDRUG ABUSE TREATMENTDRUGSEFFECTIVE PREVENTIONEFFECTIVE USEEPIDEMICSEPIDEMIOLOGYFACT SHEETFACT SHEETSFAMILIESFAMILY HEALTHFAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONALFAMILY PLANNINGFAMILY PLANNING SERVICESFEMALEFEMALE CONDOMSGENDERGENDER INEQUALITYGLOBAL HIV/AIDSGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHARM REDUCTIONHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH PROFESSIONALSHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEMSHIGH-RISK BEHAVIORHIGH-RISK GROUPSHIVHIV INFECTIONHIV INFECTIONSHIV PREVENTIONHIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONSHIV TESTINGHIV/AIDSHOSPITALIMPACT OF AIDSINFANTINFANT FEEDINGINJECTING DRUG USERSINTERNATIONAL COMMUNITYINTERVENTIONLABOR FORCELEADING CAUSE OF DEATHLIFE EXPECTANCYLIMITED RESOURCESLOCAL COMMUNITIESLOW PREVALENCELOW-INCOME COUNTRIESMEDICAL PERSONNELMEDICINEMOTHERMOTHER-TO-CHILDMOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSIONNATIONAL AIDSNATIONAL LEVELNEW INFECTIONSNUTRITIONOPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONOPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONSORPHANORPHANSPALLIATIVE CAREPANDEMICPARTICIPATION OF WOMENPARTNER NOTIFICATIONPATIENTSPEER EDUCATIONPOLITICAL LEADERSHIPPOPULAR SUPPORTPOPULATION INCREASEPOPULATION INDICATORSPREGNANCYPREGNANT WOMENPREVENTION ACTIVITIESPREVENTION INTERVENTIONSPREVENTION METHODSPROPHYLACTIC TREATMENTPSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORTPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMPUBLIC INFORMATIONPUBLIC INFORMATION EFFORTSQUALITY CONTROLQUALITY OF LIFEREPRODUCTIVE AGERISK BEHAVIORSRISK POPULATIONSRISK-TAKINGRISK-TAKING BEHAVIORSSAFE BLOODSAFE BLOOD SUPPLYSAFE SEXSAFER SEXSAFETY NETSCREENINGSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE DELIVERY POINTSSEX BEHAVIORSEX WITH MENSEXUAL CONTACTSSEXUAL INTERCOURSESEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONSSOCIAL MARKETINGSOCIAL NETWORKSSOCIAL NORMSSOCIAL SECTORSSOCIAL SERVICESSOCIETAL LEVELSPILLOVERSTISSYMPTOMSTBTHERAPYTRANSMISSIONTUBERCULOSISUNAIDSVACCINEVOLUNTARY COUNSELINGVULNERABLE CHILDRENVULNERABLE GROUPSWORKFORCEYOUNG PEOPLE ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMEHUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSESEPIDEMICSPUBLIC HEALTH SURVEILLANCESOCIAL CONDITIONSDEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTSVIRAL VACCINESDISEASE PREVENTION & CONTROLCOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENTCOMMUNICABLE DISEASESINFECTIONSCONDOM PROMOTIONCOUNSELINGTESTINGDISEASE TRANSMISSIONCOMMUNITY PARTICIPATIONVULNERABLE GROUPSGOVERNMENT COMMITMENTSFUNDING CAPACITYNONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIESMONITORING & EVALUATIONWorld Bank10.1596/9718