World Bank2013-10-032013-10-032012-06-28https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16090Like other regions, Eastern Europe and Central Asia is vulnerable to climate change and its potential socioeconomic impacts. While all countries are facing warmer temperatures, a changing hydrology, and more extreme events (for example, floods and droughts) and are concerned about the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, they differ in their financial and institutional capacities to respond. Therefore, especially for the most vulnerable countries in the region (for example, those in Central Asia and southern Europe), adapting to climate risk adds a new dimension to the challenges of development, but also provides an opportunity to revisit priorities and accelerate reforms. The Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Region of the World Bank has been actively working on climate-related projects and has advanced a number of initiatives in response to climate change since the 1990s. Nevertheless, up until a few years ago the region's focus was mainly on emissions reduction (mitigation), rather than on helping countries respond to existing or expected impacts from climate change through adjustments in natural or human systems. But more recently, adding focus on climate adaptation had led ECA to initiate a program of analytical work and pilot investment projects to help develop the information and knowledge base necessary to help build staff skills as well as better respond to client needs.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOAGRICULTURAL LANDAGRICULTUREAGRICULTURE WATERANNUAL RUNOFFARCHAEOLOGICAL SITESASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGEATMOSPHEREAWARENESS OF CLIMATE CHANGEBASIN MANAGEMENTBASINSBIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATIONBIOENGINEERING TECHNIQUESCARBONCARBON EMISSIONCARBON EMISSIONSCARBON EMISSIONS FROM FORESTCARBON FINANCECARBON SEQUESTRATIONCARBON STOCKSCASE STUDIESCIVIL WORKSCLEAN TECHNOLOGYCLIMATECLIMATE ACTIONCLIMATE ADAPTATIONCLIMATE ADAPTATION ACTIVITIESCLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATIONCLIMATE CHANGE ASSESSMENTCLIMATE CHANGE CONSEQUENCESCLIMATE CHANGE DATACLIMATE CHANGE FUNDCLIMATE CHANGE FUNDSCLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTSCLIMATE CHANGE INITIATIVESCLIMATE CHANGE ISSUESCLIMATE CHANGE RISKSCLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITYCLIMATE DATACLIMATE FORECASTSCLIMATE IMPACTSCLIMATE INVESTMENTCLIMATE MITIGATIONCLIMATE MODELCLIMATE MODELINGCLIMATE MODELSCLIMATE PATTERNSCLIMATE POLICYCLIMATE PRACTITIONERSCLIMATE PROJECTIONSCLIMATE REGIMESCLIMATE RESILIENCECLIMATE RISKCLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENTSCLIMATE RISKSCLIMATE SCENARIOSCLIMATE SCIENCECLIMATE SENSITIVITYCLIMATE STATISTICSCLIMATE TRENDSCLIMATE VARIABILITYCLIMATE VULNERABILITIESCLIMATE VULNERABILITYCLIMATE-RELATED RISKSCLIMATIC RISKSCLIMATIC STIMULICOCOASTAL AREASCOASTAL EROSIONCOASTSCONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGECONSERVATIONCONSERVATION OF NATURECONSTRUCTIONCOST ANALYSESCOST-BENEFITCOST-BENEFIT ANALYSISCROPSCULTURAL HERITAGEDAMAGESDATA COLLECTIONDECISION MAKERSDEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENTDIKESDISCHARGEDISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACTSDRAINAGEDRAINAGE SYSTEMSDROUGHTECOLOGICAL ZONESECONOMIC BENEFITSECONOMIC GROWTHECOSYSTEMECOSYSTEMSEFFICIENCY GAINSELECTRICITYELECTRICITY PRODUCTIONEMISSIONSEMISSIONS REDUCTIONENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMSENERGY INFRASTRUCTUREENERGY MIXENERGY SECURITYENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTEROSIONEXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGEEXTREME EVENTSEXTREME HEATFARMSFEASIBILITYFINANCIAL ASSISTANCEFISHERIESFLOOD CONTROLFLOOD DAMAGEFLOOD MANAGEMENTFLOOD PROTECTIONFLOODINGFLOODPLAINSFLOODSFORESTFOREST DEGRADATIONFOREST INVESTMENTFOREST LAWFOREST RESOURCESFORESTRYFORESTSFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGEFUTURE CLIMATE CHANGEFUTURE CLIMATE SCENARIOSGHGGLOBAL CLIMATEGLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITYGLOBAL WARMINGGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GASESGROUNDWATERHABITATSHUMAN ACTIVITYHYDROLOGYICEIMPACTS FROM CLIMATE CHANGEIMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGEIMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGEINCOMEINTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGEINVESTMENT DECISIONSIPCCIRRIGATION SYSTEMSLAND MANAGEMENTLAND USELEACHINGMETEOROLOGICAL DATAMETEOROLOGYMITIGATIONPAPER PRODUCTSPARKSPASTURE LANDPASTURESPOLICY ANALYSISPORTFOLIOPOWER GENERATIONPOWER PLANTSPOWER SECTORPRECIPITATIONPUBLIC AWARENESSQUANTITATIVE ANALYSISRAINRAINFALLRAINFALL PATTERNSREGIONAL CLIMATERENEWABLE ENERGYRESERVOIRRESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGERESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGERISK MANAGEMENTRIVERRIVER BASINRUNOFFSEA ICESEASONSERVICE DELIVERYSMALL HYDROPOWERSOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGESOCIAL VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGESOILSSOLAR POWERSPECIESSTORMWATERSTORMWATER MANAGEMENTSUPPLY SIDESURFACE WATERSUSTAINABLE FORESTSUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENTTEMPERATURETOTAL DEMANDTRANSPORT SECTORUNCERTAINTIESUPLANDSUSE OF WATERVULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGEWARMER TEMPERATURESWATER POLICIESWATER QUALITYWATER SECTORWATER SUPPLYWATER USESWATERSHEDWATERSHED MANAGEMENTWATERSHED PROTECTIONWATERSHEDSWATERWAYSWETLANDSWILDLIFEWINDWorld Bank10.1596/16090