World Bank2014-03-282014-03-282012-12https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17483Chapter one introduces the paper and briefly summarizes the main reform objectives and issues for District Heating (DH) in China. Chapter two presents relevant alternatives and lessons learned on approaches to regulatory practices in district heating internationally. Chapter three presents key findings and options for enhancing the institutional framework for DH regulation. Several Annexes complement the chapters by focusing especially on special topics raised by the MOHURD during this technical assistance activity. Annex one elaborates on chapter one, providing an overview of the current situation in China. Annex two introduces options for monitoring and benchmarking. Annex three discusses various methods for cost allocation of Combined Heat and Power (CHP). Annexes four, five, and six complements aspect of analysis on pricing and equity issues, a summary of options for competition among DH suppliers, and an example of red line impediments to energy efficiency innovation.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO INFORMATIONACTION PLANACTIVITIESADMINISTRATIONADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMAIR POLLUTIONAIR QUALITYALTERNATIVE HEATING METHODSAPPROACHAPPROVAL PROCESSAVAILABILITYBEST PRACTICEBEST PRACTICESBOILERBOILER PLANTBOILERSBUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCYBUSINESSBUSINESS ENVIRONMENTCAPABILITYCARBON INTENSITYCLEANERCOALCOAL CONSUMPTIONCOMMODITYCOMPETITIVE MARKETCOMPETITIVE PRICESCOMPLAINTCOMPLAINTSCONSTRUCTIONCONSULTANTCONSULTANTSCONSULTING SERVICESCONSUMER PROTECTIONCONSUMER PROTECTIONSCONSUMER RIGHTSCONTROL SYSTEMCUSTOMERCUSTOMER SATISFACTIONCUSTOMERSDATADECISION MAKERDISPUTE RESOLUTIONDISTRIBUTION NETWORKSDISTRICT HEATINGDISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMSDRAFTINGECONOMIC GROWTHEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTSELECTRICITYELECTRICITY PRODUCTIONELECTRICITY SUPPLYEMISSIONSEMISSIONS REDUCTIONSEMISSIONS REGULATIONSEND USERSEND-USE EFFICIENCYEND-USERENERGYENERGY BALANCEENERGY CHARGEENERGY CONSERVATIONENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY MANAGEMENTENERGY POLICIESENERGY POLICYENERGY PRODUCTIONENERGY SECTORENERGY SERVICEENERGY SERVICE COMPANIESENERGY SERVICESENERGY SOLUTIONSENERGY SOURCESENERGY SUPPLIERSENERGY SUPPLIESENERGY SUPPLYENERGY USEENERGY UTILIZATIONENERGY-EFFICIENCYENFORCEMENT MECHANISMENGINEERINGENGINEERING DESIGNENGINEERSENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONEQUIPMENTFACILITIESFINAL DECISIONFINANCIAL BENEFITFINANCIAL RESOURCESFIXED COSTSFLEXIBILITYFLOWFUELFUEL SWITCHINGFUEL TYPESFUELSGASGAS DISTRIBUTIONGAS TRANSMISSIONGENERATION CAPACITYGLOBAL KNOWLEDGEGOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATIONGOVERNMENT AGENCIESGOVERNMENT AUTHORITIESGOVERNMENT ENTITIESGOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONSGOVERNMENTSHEATHEAT GENERATIONHEAT METERHEAT METERINGHEAT METERSHEAT PRICINGHEAT PRODUCTIONHEAT REFORMHEAT SUPPLYHEAT TARIFFHEAT TARIFFSHEAT TRANSMISSIONHEATING SYSTEMHOT WATERHUMAN CAPACITYINFORMATIONINNOVATIONINNOVATIONSINSPECTIONINSTALLATIONINSTALLATIONSINSTITUTIONINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKINSTITUTIONSINSURANCEINTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICEINVESTMENTINVESTMENTSJOINT VENTUREKILOWATT-HOURLEGAL BASISLEGAL FRAMEWORKLEGAL STATUSLEGAL SYSTEMLEGISLATIONLICENSELICENSESLINKSMAINTENANCE COSTSMANAGEMENT SYSTEMSMARKET ACCESSMARKET ECONOMYMARKET SEGMENTSMONITORINGMONOPOLY REGULATIONSNATURAL GASNETWORKNETWORKSOPTIONSPERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE INDICATORSPETROLEUMPETROLEUM PRODUCTSPIPELINEPIPESPOLICY FORMULATIONPOWERPOWER PLANTSPRESSUREPRICEPRICESPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATIONPRIVATE SECTORSPROCEDUREPROCEDURESPROFITPROFITSPROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCYPROVINCIAL AUTHORITIESPUBLIC UTILITYQUALIFICATIONSQUALITY OF SERVICERAW COALREGULATIONREGULATORREGULATORSREGULATORY AGENCYREGULATORY APPROACHREGULATORY AUTHORITIESREGULATORY AUTHORITYREGULATORY FRAMEWORKREGULATORY FUNCTIONSREGULATORY INSTRUMENTSREGULATORY LICENSEREGULATORY LICENSESREGULATORY PRACTICEREGULATORY PRACTICESREGULATORY REQUIREMENTSREGULATORY RESPONSIBILITIESREGULATORY TOOLREGULATORY TOOLSRELIABILITYRENEWABLE ENERGYRENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCESRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGSRESULTRESULTSRETAIL COMPETITIONSAFETYSECURITYSERVICE CONTRACTSSPACE HEATINGSUPERVISIONSUSTAINABLE ENERGYTARGETSTARIFFTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECTTECHNICAL SKILLSTECHNICAL STANDARDSTECHNICAL SUPPORTTECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGYTEMPERATURETHERMAL POWERTHERMAL POWER GENERATIONTIME FRAMETIME PERIODTONS OF COAL EQUIVALENTTOOLSTRANSITIONSTRANSPORTURBAN DEVELOPMENTUTILITIESVALVESVENTILATIONVERIFICATIONWATER SUPPLY10.1596/17483