Landis, FlorianTimilsina, Govinda R.2015-07-172015-07-172015-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/22226Large-scale deployment of renewable energy technologies, such as wind power and solar energy, has been taking place in industrialized and developing economics mainly because of various fiscal and regulatory policies. An understanding of the economy-wide impacts of those policies is an important part of an overall analysis of them. Using a perfect foresight computable general equilibrium model, this study analyzes the economy-wide costs of achieving a 10 percent share of wind power in Brazil’s electricity supply mix by 2030. Brazil is in the midst of an active program of wind capacity expansion. The welfare loss would be small, 0.1 percent of total baseline welfare in the absence of the 10 percent wind power expansion. The study also finds that, in the case of Brazil, production subsidies financed through increased value-added tax would have superior impacts on welfare and greenhouse gas mitigation, compared with a consumption mandate where electricity utilities are allowed to pass the increased electricity supply costs directly to consumers. These two policies would impact various production sectors differently to achieve the wind power expansion targets: the burden of the mandate falls mostly on electricity-intensive production and consumption, whereas the burden of the subsidy is distributed toward goods and services with higher value added.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOWIND POWER PLANTSTRANSPORT SECTORTRANSMISSION CAPACITYCANECOST OF WIND POWERPOWER PLANTSFOSSIL FUELSSUPPLY CURVEPRICE OF ELECTRICITYWIND POWER GENERATIONCARBONELECTRICITY GENERATION TECHNOLOGIESGENERATIONCOST OF ELECTRICITYWINDCOSTS OF ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY SYSTEMEMISSIONSGASOLINEPOWER SUPPLYWIND POWER RESOURCESGASRENEWABLE ENERGY POLICYPRICEGREENHOUSE GASWIND POWER DEVELOPMENTELECTRICITY CONSUMPTIONELECTRIC UTILITYBIOMASSGENERATION CAPACITYCO2FOREST PRODUCTSENERGY POLICIESGREENHOUSE GAS MITIGATIONPETROLEUMPOWER INDUSTRYOILTRANSMISSION FACILITIESPOWER GENERATIONENERGY MIXPOWER SECTORCAPACITYGHGWIND POWER INDUSTRYENERGY SUPPLYCLOUDSCARBON TAXESRAINFALLWIND PENETRATIONELECTRICITY SUPPLYFORESTRYSUGAR CANENUCLEAR POWER GENERATIONSOLAR ENERGYENERGY POLICYFUEL DEMANDSUGAR CANEFUEL CONSUMPTIONMETALSPROCESS GASFUELSTHERMAL POWEREMISSIONS REDUCTIONEMISSIONS FROM ENERGYCARBON EMISSIONSEMISSIONS FROM ENERGY USEGREENHOUSELEADCOAL MININGCHEMICALSRENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESCLIMATE CHANGEDEMAND FOR ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY DEMANDUTILITIESPOWERELECTRICITYCEMENTENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSWIND POWERCLIMATEWIND ENERGYELECTRICITY GENERATION MIXSUPPLY COSTSHYDROPOWERWIND POWER CAPACITYELECTRICITY GENERATIONFOSSIL FUELCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATIONFORESTOIL REFININGENERGY USENUCLEAR ENERGYENERGY PRICESPOWER GENERATION TECHNOLOGIESPOWER PRODUCTIONWOOD INDUSTRYWIND PROJECTSFOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTIONEMISSIONS PREDICTIONELECTRICITY PRICESOIL REFINERYELECTRICITY GENERATION CAPACITYNATURAL GASTHERMAL POWER GENERATIONSUGARCANEINVESTMENTWIND POWER PRODUCTIONELECTRICITY PRICECOALNUCLEAR POWERPOWER CAPACITYTARIFFCRUDE OILFUELLESSFACILITIESINVESTMENTSRENEWABLE ENERGY NETWORKWIND CAPACITYRENEWABLE ENERGYPETROLEUM PRODUCTSWIND POWER POTENTIALELECTRICITY PRODUCTIONDIESELFOSSILPRICESAPPROACHENERGYWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-7346