Hassine, Nadia Belhaj2014-06-252014-06-252014-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18769The paper uses harmonized household survey micro-data to assess the levels and determinants of economic inequality in 12 Arab countries. It focuses on the sources of rural-urban, as well as metropolitan-nonmetropolitan, inequalities and applies the unconditional quantile regression decomposition technique to analyze the welfare gaps across the entire distribution. The analysis finds moderate inequality levels, with the Gini coefficient for the distribution of household real per capita total expenditures ranging between 30.7 in Libya and 45 in Mauritania. Differences in households' endowments, such as demographic composition, human capital, and community characteristics, appear as the main sources of the urban-rural welfare gap. There is inequality between metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions in many countries, mainly because of differences in returns to households' characteristics and particularly returns to human capital.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO TRANSPORTATIONACCOUNTINGADVERSE EFFECTSAVERAGE INCOMEAVERAGE INCOME LEVELAVERAGE INCOMESBANK POLICYBENCHMARKBETWEEN-GROUP INEQUALITYCAPITAL ACCUMULATIONCONSUMER PRICE INDICESCONSUMPTION EXPENDITURECONSUMPTION EXPENDITURESCONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES DISTRIBUTIONCONSUMPTION LEVELSCOUNTERFACTUALCOUNTRY LEVELCROSS-COUNTRY DATACROSS-COUNTRY STUDIESDATA QUALITYDATA SETDECISION MAKINGDECOMPOSITION RESULTSDEVELOPED COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPING REGIONSDEVELOPING WORLDDEVELOPMENT BANKDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDEVELOPMENT POLICIESDEVELOPMENT POLICYDISTRIBUTIONAL DYNAMICSDISTRIBUTIONAL MEASURESDUMMY VARIABLEDURABLEDURABLE GOODSDURABLESDYNAMIC ANALYSISECONOMETRICSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC FACTORSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INEQUALITYECONOMIC OUTCOMESECONOMIC RESEARCHECONOMIC REVIEWECONOMIC SITUATIONEMPIRICAL ANALYSISEMPIRICAL LITERATUREEMPIRICAL STUDIESEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT STATUSEXCHANGE RATEEXPLANATORY POWEREXTERNAL FACTORSFAMILY MEMBERSFOOD EXPENDITUREFOOD EXPENDITURESFOOD ITEMSFOOD SUBSIDIESFUTURE RESEARCHGDPGDP PER CAPITAGEOGRAPHIC REGIONGEOGRAPHIC REGIONSGEOGRAPHICAL REGIONSGINI COEFFICIENTGLOBALIZATIONGROUP INEQUALITIESGROWTH PROSPECTSGROWTH SPELLSHIGH INEQUALITYHIGHER INEQUALITYHOUSEHOLD BUDGETHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHOUSEHOLD HEADHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD MEMBERSHOUSEHOLD SIZEHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSEHOLD SURVEY MICRO-DATAHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHOUSEHOLD WELFAREHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN CAPITAL ENDOWMENTSHUMAN DEVELOPMENTINCIDENCE OF POVERTYINCOMEINCOME DIFFERENCESINCOME DISPARITIESINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME LEVELSINCOME SHAREINDIVIDUAL COUNTRIESINEQUALITYINEQUALITY DATAINEQUALITY DECOMPOSITIONINEQUALITY ESTIMATESINEQUALITY INDICATORSINEQUALITY LEVELSINEQUALITY MEASURESINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIESINSTRUMENTINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL STANDARDLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLABOR PRODUCTIVITYLAND OWNERSHIPLINEAR REGRESSIONLIVING STANDARDLIVING STANDARDSLOW INCOMEMARKET ECONOMYMEAN INCOMESMEAN LOG DEVIATIONMEASURING INCOME INEQUALITYMEDIUM INEQUALITYMEDIUM LEVELSMETROPOLITAN REGIONSMIDDLE CLASSMONETARY FUNDMORTGAGESOIL PRICESPER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONPER CAPITA INCOMEPER CAPITA INCOME LEVELPER CAPITA INCOMESPERMANENT INCOMEPOLICY DISCUSSIONSPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY INTERVENTIONSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOLITICAL STABILITYPOORPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOORER HOUSEHOLDSPOPULATION SUB-GROUPSPOVERTY ALLEVIATIONPOVERTY ALLEVIATION EFFORTSPOVERTY DYNAMICSPOVERTY HEADCOUNTPOVERTY LEVELSPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY MEASUREMENTPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOWER PARITYPRIVATE CONSUMPTIONPRIVATE SECTORPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTPUBLIC INVESTMENTSPUBLIC SECTORPURCHASING POWERQUANTILE REGRESSIONSREAL WAGESREGIONAL AGGREGATESREGIONAL DIFFERENCESREGIONAL DIMENSIONREGIONAL DISPARITIESREGIONAL DIVIDEREGIONAL IMBALANCESREGIONAL INCOMEREGIONAL INCOME DISPARITIESREGIONAL INCOME INEQUALITIESREGIONAL INEQUALITIESREGIONAL INEQUALITYREGIONAL LOCATIONREGIONAL WELFAREREMITTANCESREMOTE AREASREMOTE REGIONSRETURNRETURNSRISING INEQUALITYRURALRURAL AREASRURAL COMMUNITIESRURAL COUNTERPARTSRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL INEQUALITYRURAL MARKETSRURAL POORRURAL WELFARESCHOOLINGSHADOW PRICESSPATIAL DIMENSIONSTRANSITION COUNTRIESUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT RATESWEALTHWELFARE DISTRIBUTION10.1596/1813-9450-6911