Partnership for Market Readiness2015-04-292015-04-292012-08https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21829This document provides an overview of baseline setting for greenhouse gas (GHG) crediting mechanisms. The first section briefly explains the general purpose and objectives of setting a crediting mechanism baseline. The second section summarizes key policy considerations in defining and setting baselines. The final section covers important technical elements of baselines and provides an overview of various methods that can be used to estimate baseline emissions. The main purpose of this technical note is to examine key issues for baseline setting in the context of scaled-up crediting mechanisms. Many of the technical and policy considerations presented here, however, are relevant to existing project-based crediting mechanisms as well, and the discussion takes into account concepts developed and experience gained under these mechanisms. In addition, most of the concepts and examples presented here are relevant to setting baselines in the energy and industry sectors. Where relevant, however, examples from other sectors, including forestry and land-use, are used to illustrate important ideas.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE EMISSIONALLOWANCEALLOWANCESANAEROBIC DECOMPOSITIONAPPROACHAVAILABILITYBALANCEBASELINE EMISSIONBASELINE EMISSIONSBASELINE METHODOLOGIESBASELINE METHODOLOGYBASELINE PROJECTIONSBOILERSCAPITAL COSTSCAPSCARBONCARBON FINANCECARBON OFFSETCARBON OFFSETSCEMENTCEMENT PLANTCHOICE OF EMISSION FACTORSCLEAN DEVELOPMENTCLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMCLIMATECLIMATE ACTIONCLIMATE CHANGECLIMATIC CONDITIONSCO2COALCOMBUSTIONCOMBUSTION EFFICIENCYCOMBUSTION FOR ELECTRICITYCYCLE POWERDEGRADED LANDDOMESTIC EMISSIONSDOMESTIC EMISSIONS TRADING SYSTEMSECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC CONDITIONSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC MODELEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTSELECTRIC POWERELECTRIC POWER SECTORELECTRICITYELECTRICITY CONSUMPTIONELECTRICITY GENERATIONELECTRICITY GENERATION TECHNOLOGIESELECTRICITY PRICESELECTRICITY PRODUCTIONELECTRICITY SECTORELECTRICITY SYSTEMEMISSIONEMISSION FACTOREMISSION FACTORSEMISSION LEVELSEMISSION RATEEMISSION RATESEMISSION REDUCTIONSEMISSION SOURCESEMISSION TRADINGEMISSION TRENDSEMISSIONS DATAEMISSIONS ESTIMATESEMISSIONS FROM CEMENT PRODUCTIONEMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATIONEMISSIONS FROM SOURCESEMISSIONS OBLIGATIONSEMISSIONS REDUCTIONSEND-USEENERGY DEMANDENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY POLICYENERGY PRODUCTIONENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRITYEQUIVALENT EMISSION REDUCTIONSEQUIVALENT REDUCTIONSFEASIBILITYFINANCIAL INCENTIVESFORESTFOREST TYPEFOREST TYPESFORESTRYFUELFUEL PRICEFUEL PRICESFUEL TYPEFUELSGHGGHGSGLOBAL EMISSIONSGLOBAL GREENHOUSEGLOBAL GREENHOUSE GASGLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS MITIGATIONGREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTIONGRID EMISSION FACTORINCENTIVES FOR INVESTMENTINDUSTRIAL BOILERINTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCYINVESTMENT DECISIONSLAND USELAND-USE CHANGELANDFILLLANDFILL METHANELANDFILL METHANE EMISSIONSMARKET PENETRATIONMITIGATION ACTIONSN2ONATIONAL GRIDNATURAL GASNATURAL GAS POWERNATURAL GAS POWER PLANTSNATURAL-GASNET EMISSIONSNET EMISSIONS REDUCTIONSNEW PLANTSNITRIC ACIDOZONEOZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCESPEAK DEMANDPERFORMANCE STANDARDPERFORMANCE STANDARDSPOWER GENERATIONPOWER PLANTPOWER PLANTSPOWER SECTORPPPRODUCTION OF ENERGYRAINFALLRENEWABLE ENERGYRENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATIONRENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTSRENEWABLE POWERRESERVOIRSSEQUESTRATION ACTIVITIESTOTAL EMISSIONSTRADABLE CREDITSUNCERTAINTIESWASTEWASTE MANAGEMENTPMRWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/21829