World Bank2014-04-222014-04-222012-11https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17990This paper examines the population changes and the related causative factors, namely fertility, mortality and international migration in Sri Lanka. During the past decades, the total size, as well as the age and sex structure of the population, was exposed to irreversible changes. The age structure transition has produced a demographic bonus conducive for an economic takeoff. During this period, the proportion of people of working age (15-59) is larger than the fraction in the dependent age categories. The paper includes a sector analysis of the employed population in the agriculture, industry and service sectors to identify the growth sectors of the economy and to reveal the potential patterns and levels of utilization of the demographic bonus. Finally, the social safety net implications of the emerging population, such as the dependency burden, aging, disability and the disintegration of traditional family system in Sri Lanka are examined. Sri Lanka's population has grown to 20 million in 2010, an almost eight-fold increase since the census of 1871. The population doubled 54 years after the first census (1925), then again in 35 years (1960), as a result of the relatively high population growth rate. The 2001 census calculated a population 18.7 million. By 2003, the population was estimated to be 19.2 million, a third doubling in 43 years. By 2010, the population of Sri Lanka had passed the 20 million mark.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABORTION COMPLICATIONSABORTION RATEABORTION SERVICESABORTIONSACCIDENTSADOLESCENTADOLESCENT FERTILITYADULTSAGE AT MARRIAGEAGE DISTRIBUTIONAGE SPECIFIC FERTILITY RATESAGEDAGEINGAGING POPULATIONAVERAGE AGEAVERAGE AGE AT MARRIAGEBIRTH RATEBRAIN DRAINCARE SERVICESCENSUS OF POPULATIONCHANGES IN FERTILITYCHILD MORTALITYCHILDBEARINGCHILDREN PER WOMANCIVIL UNRESTCONDOMCONTRACEPTIONCONTRACEPTIVE METHODCONTRACEPTIVE METHODSCONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCECONTRACEPTIVE USECONTRACEPTIVESCRUDE DEATH RATECURRENT POPULATIONDEATH RATEDEATH RATESDEATHSDECLINE IN FERTILITYDECLINES IN MORTALITYDEMOGRAPHERSDEMOGRAPHIC CHANGEDEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITIONDEMOGRAPHIC TRENDSDEMOGRAPHYDEPENDENCY BURDENDEPENDENCY RATIODEPENDENCY RATIOSDETERMINANTS OF GROWTHDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT GOALSDEVELOPMENT PLANNINGDEVELOPMENT POLICYDISABILITYECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC PROSPERITYECONOMIC STATUSECONOMIC TRANSITIONEFFECTIVE GOVERNANCEELDERLYELDERLY POPULATIONEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEXISTING POPULATIONFAMILIESFAMILY CONSUMPTIONFAMILY ENVIRONMENTFAMILY FORMATIONFAMILY PLANNINGFAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMFAMILY PLANNING SERVICESFAMILY UNITFEMALE COUNTERPARTSFEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCYFEMALE STERILIZATIONFEMALESFERTILITYFERTILITY BEHAVIORFERTILITY CONTROLFERTILITY DECLINEFERTILITY LEVELSFERTILITY RATEFERTILITY RATESFERTILITY SURVEYFERTILITY TRANSITIONFOOD SUPPLIESFORM OF CONTRACEPTIONFUTURE POPULATIONGENDER BALANCEHEADS OF HOUSEHOLDSHEALTH CAREHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SYSTEMHIGH POPULATION GROWTHHOUSEHOLD SIZEHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTIMMIGRATIONIMPACT ON FERTILITYINFANTINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATEINTERNAL MIGRATIONINTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONINTERNATIONAL MOVEMENTSIUDJOB OPPORTUNITIESLABOR FORCELABOR MIGRANTSLABOR SUPPLYLEGAL STATUSLEVEL OF FERTILITYLEVEL OF MORTALITYLEVELS OF FERTILITYLEVELS OF MORTALITYLIFE CYCLELIFE EXPECTANCYLIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTHLIFE TABLESLIVE BIRTHLIVE BIRTHSMALARIAMALE AGE AT MARRIAGEMALESMARITAL FERTILITYMARITAL STATUSMARRIED WOMENMETHODS OF FAMILY PLANNINGMIGRANTSMIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWMIGRATION POLICYMIGRATORY MOVEMENTSMINISTRY OF HEALTHMODERN CONTRACEPTIONMORTALITYMORTALITY DECLINEMORTALITY RATEMOTHERNATIONAL FAMILY PLANNINGNATURAL RESOURCENUMBER OF CHILDRENNUMBER OF PERSONSNUMBER OF WOMENOFFICIAL STATISTICSOLD AGEOLDER AGE GROUPSOLDER WOMENPARENTSPEACEPENSIONSPERMANENT SETTLEMENTPOLICY FORMULATIONPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY MAKERSPOLITICAL LEADERSHIPPOPULATION AGE STRUCTUREPOPULATION CENSUSPOPULATION CENSUSESPOPULATION CHANGEPOPULATION CHANGESPOPULATION DATAPOPULATION DENSITYPOPULATION ESTIMATESPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION GROWTH RATEPOPULATION INCREASESPOPULATION ISSUEPOPULATION ISSUESPOPULATION PLANNINGPOPULATION POLICIESPOPULATION POLICYPOPULATION PROBLEMSPOPULATION PROJECTIONSPOPULATION PYRAMIDPOPULATION SIZEPOPULATION TRANSITIONPOST ABORTIONPOST-WAR YEARSPREGNANCYPSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORTRATE OF GROWTHREFUGEEREFUGEESRELIANCE ON ABORTIONREPLACEMENT LEVELREPRODUCTIVE AGEREPRODUCTIVE YEARSRETURNEERURAL WOMENSAFETY NETSERVICE DELIVERYSEXSEX RATIOSOCIAL CONSEQUENCESSOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURESOCIAL SECURITYSOCIOECONOMIC PROGRESSSTAGES OF LIFESUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTTEENAGE FERTILITYTFRTOTAL FERTILITY RATETOTAL POPULATIONTRADITIONAL FAMILYUNMET DEMANDURBAN ENVIRONMENTSURBAN POPULATIONURBANIZATIONUSE OF CONTRACEPTIONWARWOMANWORKFORCEWORLD FERTILITY SURVEYYOUNG AGEYOUNG MENYOUNG POPULATIONYOUTHZERO POPULATION GROWTH10.1596/17990