Gelvanovska, NatalijaViatchaninova, IevgeniiaSaliu, Artan2015-04-282015-04-282014-12-04https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21801This white paper has been prepared by World Bank s Transport and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Global Practice at the request of the MIOA . Delivery of the White Paper is part of a wider package of technical assistance by the World Bank to the Government of FYR Macedonia. The paper starts off by giving an overview of the state of telecom development in rural FYR Macedonia from the standpoint of affordability and availability of the commercial broadband Internet access services for the less advantaged groups of the population. The next section describes the Wi-Fi Kiosk Project outlining its scope, aim, and implementation process while bringing forward publics experiences with respect to the Wi-Fi kiosk use. This section also examines technical parameters related to the Internet usage and demonstrates the problematic of the kiosk maintenance in the remote and rural areas. Section five references specific policy and regulatory measures designed by different government stakeholders with a goal to analyse the approach which has been chosen to ensure availability of the fixed and (or) mobile broadband Internet in the rural areas of the country. The white paper concludes with a set of observations and recommendations aiming to address the sustainability of the results achieved by the Wi-Fi Kiosk Project and to offer next steps to increase rural connectivity in FYR Macedonia.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGO3GACCESS POINTACCESS POINTSACCESS TO INTERNETACCESSIBILITYACCESSIONACTION PLANADMINISTRATIONSADSLANTENNAANTENNASARTICLEATLASAUTHENTICATIONBACKBONEBANDWIDTHBASICBENCHMARKBROADBANDBROADBAND ACCESSBROADBAND CONNECTIVITYBROADBAND NETWORKSBROADBAND PENETRATIONBUSINESS ACTIVITIESBUSINESS CLIMATEBUSINESS DEVELOPMENTCAPACITY BUILDINGCLASSIFICATIONCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESCOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKSCOMMUNITIESCOMPETITIVENESSCONNECTION SPEEDCONNECTIVITYDEMOCRATIC PROCESSESDEMOGRAPHIC DATADESCRIPTIONDEVELOPMENT OF BROADBANDDIGITALDIGITAL DEVELOPMENTDIGITAL DIVIDEDOMAINSE-GOVERNMENTE-GOVERNMENT SERVICESE-MAILECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTEDUCATIONAL STANDARDSELECTRICITYELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONSELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKSENABLING ENVIRONMENTENCRYPTIONEND USERSEND-USERSENTERTAINMENTENTRYEQUIPMENTFINANCIAL RESOURCESFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTSFUNCTIONALITYGENERAL PUBLICGOVERNMENT EXPENDITUREGOVERNMENT SERVICESGOVERNMENT STAKEHOLDERSGOVERNMENT SUBSIDIESHARDWAREHARMONIZATIONICTIMPACT ASSESSMENTIMPACT ASSESSMENTSIMPLEMENTATION PROCESSINFORMATICSINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESINFORMATION REQUESTSINFORMATION SOCIETYINFORMATION SYSTEMINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTINNOVATIONINSTALLATIONINSTITUTIONINTERFACEINTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONINTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONSINTERNET ACCESSINTERNET CONNECTIVITYINTERNET INFRASTRUCTUREINTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERSINTERNET SERVICESINTERNET TRAFFICISPISPSKIOSKSLICENSELICENSESLINUXLITERACYMAINTENANCE COSTSMANAGEMENT INFORMATIONMANAGEMENT SOFTWAREMARKET SHAREMARKETINGMOBILE PHONEMOBILE PHONESMOBILE SERVICENATIONAL STRATEGYNETWORKINGNETWORKSNEXT GENERATIONNUMBER OF USERSONLINE AUCTIONOPINION SURVEYPCPDFPENETRATION RATEPERFORMANCE INDICATORSPERSONAL COMPUTERSPHONE NUMBERPOLICY FRAMEWORKPORNOGRAPHYPRIVATE SECTORPROCUREMENTPROJECT MANAGEMENTPUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONRESEARCHERRESEARCHERSRESULTRESULTSROUTERRURAL CONNECTIVITYSATELLITESERVICE DELIVERYSITESMART PHONESSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSUPERVISIONTARGETSTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETECHNICAL ISSUESTECHNICAL REQUIREMENTSTECHNOLOGY ACCESSTELECOMTELECOMMUNICATIONTELECOMMUNICATIONSTELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICESTELEGEOGRAPHYTELEPHONETELEPHONESTELEPHONYTIME FRAMETRANSMISSIONUNIVERSAL SERVICEUNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATIONUSERUSER EXPECTATIONSUSER GROUPUSESVIDEOWANWEBWEB SERVICESWEBSITESWHITE PAPERWIRELESSWIRELESS ACCESSWIRELESS SERVICEWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/21801